Objective To investigate the research quality of present medical graduates and propose suggestions for improvement.Method A self-designed questionnaire entitled Investigating Questionnaire for Research Quality Analysis of Medical Graduates in Peking Union Medical College Hospital was distributed to the clinical and academic medical graduates in the hospital from July to August 2015.Among 276 collected questionnaires,270 were validated as effective.SPSS 18.0 software was used to statistically describe the result and to perform t test on different subgroups.Results The research quality average of the surveyed hospital was 10.28.Results revealed that in regard of the three aspects of research quality,research consciousness ranked first,followed by the research ability,while scientific spirit was the weakest.Academic medical graduates showed significantly higher scores than clinical graduates in terms of total research quality and every single aspect (P values less than 0.05).Conclusions To better cultivate the academic leaders in medical research,it is necessary to strengthen the research training for the graduates,practice their scientific thinking especially the clinical graduates,reinforce tutors' guidance,and promote communication and collaboration.

OBJECTIVETo explore the molecular basis of an individual with A subtype of the ABO blood group.

METHODSThe ABO antigen and serum antibody of the proband and his parents and sister were detected by a serological method. The whole coding regions of the ABO gene were amplified by PCR and subjected to bidirectional sequencing.

RESULTSRed blood cells of the proband showed mixed field agglutination with anti-A but did not agglutinate with anti-B, and his serum did not agglutinate with A and O cells but with B cells. The proband was identified as an Aw phenotype. Heterozygous status of 1A/G, 106G/T, 188A/G, 189C/T, 220C/T, 261G/del, 297A/G, 467C/T, 646A/T, and 681A/G of the coding region of the ABO gene were identified by directly sequencing of the proband. The serological characteristics and nucleotide sequences of the mother were similar to those of the proband. However, the ABO genotypes of his father and sister were B101/O02 and O02/O02. The proband therefore has carried an O02 allele and a novel allele. Compared with A102, the novel allele contains 1A>G, which resulted in translation-initiator code change and was nominated as Aw43 by dbRBC of NCBI.

CONCLUSIONAn Aw43 subtype has been identified for the first time, which may be attributed to the 1A>G and 467C>T variants on the α1,3-N-acetyl-galactosaminyltransferase gene.

ABO Blood-Group System ; genetics ; Adult ; Alleles ; Female ; Genetic Variation ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male

OBJECTIVETo investigate the molecular genetic basis of samples with ABO typing discrepancy and provide the guidline for identification and clinical transfusion for these samples.

METHODSSix cases with similar serological characteristics were collected. Serological method, PCR-SSP and direct sequencing of ABO gene were used to explore the underlying mechanism. Condition of clinical transfusion of patients was also reviewed.

RESULTSThree conditions were related with the ABO blood type discrepancy, which included weaken antigen (2 cases), weakened antibody (3 cases) and ABO subtype (1 case). The satisfactory effect of transfusion was achieved in all patients with the principle of the same blood type or the compatible crossmatch.

CONCLUSIONHeterogeneity has existed with the ABO group. Indivianals with same reaction pattern may result in different mechanisms.

ABO Blood-Group System ; genetics ; Adult ; Base Sequence ; Blood Grouping and Crossmatching ; Blood Transfusion ; Exons ; Genotype ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND: The lack of pathological quality control standard in detecting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutation in malignant pleural effusion leads to confusion in the interpretation of detection results and the clinical use of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). Therefore, it is very important to propose quality control standards and guide the detection of EGFR mutation in pleural effusion. The aim of this study is to retrospectively analyze the results of EGFR gene mutation in pleural effusion sediment section according to strict pathological quality control standards, and the therapeutic effect of EGFR-TKIs guided by this detection results. METHODS: From January 2012 to June 2018, the clinical data of patients with pleural effusion collected from Department of Pathology of Peking Union Medical College Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Among them, 132 patients with relatively complete clinical data and with EGFR gene mutation detection of paraffin-embedded pleural effusion sediment section according to the established quality control standard were included. According to the results of EGFR gene mutation, it was divided into positive group and negative group, and the efficacy of EGFR-TKIs in different groups was compared. RESULTS: After the centrifugation of pleural effusion, the sediment was embedded in paraffin, sectioned, and observed under the microscope after HE staining. If the number of tumor cells ≥100, it met the pathological quality control standard, and it could be used for subsequent EGFR gene mutation detection. EGFR gene mutations were detected in 72 (54.5%) of 132 patients. EGFR-TKIs were used in 69 of 72 mutation positive patients. Of 60 EGFR mutation negative patients, only 15 used EGFR-TKIs. In EGFR mutation positive group, the disease control rate (DCR) was 95.8%, and the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 11 months. In EGFR mutation negative group, the DCR was 0%, and the median PFS was 1 month. The DCR and PFS were significantly different between the two groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS According to the pathological quality control standards, the embedded section of pleural fluid sediment can be used to detect EGFR gene mutation, and the results can be used to guide the clinical use of EGFR-TKIs.