Surgery is one of the most important treatments for breast cancer. A part of the early breast cancer patients demand further oncoplastic breast surgery to reconstruct or restore the breast cosmosis after conventional breast conserving surgery, by oncoplastic breast surgery, which is a modern conception and technique including volume dis-placement and volume replacement. Oncoplastic breast surgery using pedicled omental flap is a new approach among volume replacement techniques. It has made some progress in recently years. A systematic review was therefore con-ducted to analyze and illuminate the present status.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis of Crohn's disease(CD)in Ruijin hospital of School of Medicine of Shanghai Jiaotong University according to the criteria made by World Health Organization(WHO)and Chinese Medical Association.Methods The consecutive patients with CD diagnosed in Ruijin hospital between 1998 and 2007 were retrospectively analyzed.The clinical manifestation.endoscopic,radiologic and pathologic findings of all patients were re-evaluated accordingto the diagnostic criteria of CD proposed by WHO and Chinese Medical Association in 2007.The diagnostic level of CD was assessed.Results Only 5 and 10 patients were confirmed to be well consistent with the criteria of WHO and Chinese Medical Association,respectively.Two hundred and thirty-six patients were confirmed as suspected diagnosis to the criteria of Chinese Medical Association and 20 patients to WHO.The level of endoscopic diagnosis was raised,wherease the level ofpathologic diagnosis was decreased in recent years compared with that before 2004.Conclusion The pathologic diagnosis rate of CD is still at a low level.The current diagnostic level of CD is lagging behind the demand of the guidelines.

Hydatid disease does seriously harm to human and livestock ,and causes huge economic losses to the livestock in‐dustry .Despite the fact that people have made some success in prevention and control of animal hydatid disease after making great efforts during the past few decades ,however ,there still remain many problems and challenges .In order to facilitate the research in animal hydatid disease in China ,here we reviewed the problems and challenges in the prevention and control of this disease and put forward several proposals on the treatment and management of dogs ,immunization ,diagnose ,surveillance , etc .

Objective To evaluate the value of bispectral index(BIS)monitoring as an indicator for extubation sedation level after children's oper?ation by total intravenous anesthesia. Methods One hundred and eighty children(2?13 years old)were randomly divided into six groups with 30 cases in each. Group A kept BIS 56?60,and Group B 61?65,Group C 66?70,Group D 71?75,Group E 76?80,Group F 81?85 till extubation. All children were given fentanyl,propofol and cisatracurium besilate when induced,and maintained with propofol and remifentanil. All cases kept BIS 40?55 during the operation. Then the changes of electrocardiogram,mean arterial pressure,heart rate,SpO2,postoperative complications and recovery time were observed. Results Groups A and B were extubated at deep anesthesia,cycle stability,but with high incidence of adverse reactions and awaked with a long time. Groups E and F were extubated when awaked,but with greater stimulation and easier agitation. Groups C and D were lighter hemodynamic responses,less respiratory effects and less postoperative complications of anesthesia. Conclusion The BIS level of 66?75 is a good se?dation level for extubation,especially in the level of 71?75.

Circulating DNA is defined as a kind of extracellular DNA that exists in plasma,cerebrospinal fluid and synovial fluid.The concentration of circulating DNA of cancer patients is significantly higher than that in healthy people.The genetic and epigenetic alterations of circulating cell-free nucleic acids are relevant to cancer development and progression,for example,gene mutation,DNA methylation and microsatellite instability and so on.The quantitative and qualitative detection of circulating DNA shows promising potential value in cancer screening,diagnosis,disease monitoring treatment and prognosis.

Objective:To optimize the extraction process of total flavonoids in Gynostemma pentaphyllum by the method of response surface analysis ( RSM) . Methods: Based on the choice of factors and levels according to the results of single factor test, Box-Be-hnken response surface experiment was designed with the extraction rate of total flavonoids as the index to obtaln the best operation con-ditions and two equations of the response surface model. Results: The optimal extraction conditions of total flavonoids in Gynostemma pentaphyllum were as follows:the volume fraction of ethanol was 71%, the ratio of solid to liquid was 1∶14, and the ultrasonic time was 32 min. Under the conditions, the model predictive value of extraction rate of total flavonoids in Gynostemma pentaphyllum was 4. 676%, and the extraction rate in the verification test was 4. 641%. Conclusion:The fit of the regression model is good, and the ex-traction technology is feasible and reliable.

Objective To understand teachers' cognition and behavior of PBL teaching in nursing college.Methods Eighty teachers were investigated by questionnaire at eight nursing colleges in Hunan province.The percentage was used to do statistical description.Results Totally 75 copies of valid questionnaires were returned,the effective recovery rate was 93.75％.Among all,96％ of teachers thought that teacher was the guide;85.3％ teachers thought that students were knowledge's seekers;93.3％ teachers heard of PBL teaching;81.3％ teaches thought that PBL teaching played a positive role ;74.7％ teaches understood PBL teaching by communication or reading literature; 72％ teachers were willing to try PBL teaching;46.8％ teachers emphasized on multidisciplinary knowledge fusion in teaching; 88.3％ teachers encouraged student discussion in class.The main factors effecting PBL teaching were case and problem design,teaching result evaluation,lack of expert guidance and teacher instruction.Conclusion Teachers have certain understanding of PBL.Organizers should formulate related policies for teachers and students in order to create good education environment.

Objective To investigate the craniofacial morphologies of Sagliker syndrome.Methods Sixteen patients were selected in this study that was diagnosed by the Department of Nephrology and the Center of Dentistry of China-Japan Friendship Hospital.They were divided into 2 groups:Sagliker syndrome group(SS) including 8 patients,and secondary hyperparathyroidism group (SHPT) including 8 patients.Cephalometric radiographs were taken from all the 16 patients.Results The hard issue measurement results had shown that in ∠SNA,∠ANB,∠NA/PA,∠MP/SN,∠MP/ FH,∠SArGo,and ∠ArGoGn,there were significantly statistical differences between the two groups.The measurements of SS were greater than that of SHPT.The soft issue measurement results had shown that in ∠LL-Bs-Pos,∠AsUL-FH,UL-EP,and ∠AsUL-BsUL,there were also significant differences between the two groups.The measurements of SS were greater than that of SHPT.In ∠BsLL-FH,there were evidently statistical differences between the two groups:the measurements of SS were greater than that of SHPT.Conclusions The facial hard and soft tissue of the patients with Sagliker syndrome have the special changes in morphologies.

Type 2 innate lymphoid cells ( ILC2s) are recently identified members of the innate lymphoid cell ( ILC) family. These cells are capable of producing Th2-type cytokines such as IL-5 and IL-13 in response to epithelial cell-derived cytokines IL-25 and IL-33 and play critical roles in allergic diseases such as bronchial asthma. Further investigations on ILC2s will enhance the better understanding of type 2 immune responses and may provide new strategies for the treatment of allergic asthma. In this review, we fo-cus on the origin, location and biological function of ILC2s as well as their possible roles in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma.

Objective To learn the epidemiological characteristics of syphilis in Shihezi in recent three years and to provide bases for prevention .Epidemiological analysis with syphilis was conducted in our hospital from 2012 to 2014 ,which is about the detection rate ,age ,gender ,and the distribution in the department .Methods Serum were deteceted by using three methods and the data were analyzed .Results 1 281 syphilis cases in 74 798 patients were detected in our hospital during this period .The total positve rate of three years was 1 .71% .The positve rate was 1 .35% ,1 .83% and 2 .01% respectively .The results of three years was significant differences(χ2 =39 .877 ,P<0 .05) .The rate in gender was not significantly higher or lower(χ2 =1 .670 ,P=0 .434>0 .05) .The ca‐ses were mainly distributed in Han(581 ,45 .36% ) ,Uygur(43 ,3 .36% ) ,Kazak(23 ,1 .80% ) .353 cases were negative by RPR among 1 281 patients with syphilis(27 .56% ) ,and the negative rises year by year .Conclusion The incidence of syphilis increased slightly in Shihezi since 2012 .Though the detection rate between 2013 and 2014 was no significant difference .The focus was on 20- year′s old women of childbearing age .It is necessary to take strict measures to control the spread of syphilis and to do syphilis examina‐tion for all inpatients in order to prevent the infection of syphilis .