Objective The aim of the study was to find out the status and influencing factors of dental anxiety and reduce it . Methods One hundred and ninety‐five patients in Chaoyang Central Hospital were selected via stomatology convenience sampling . Basic information ,modified dental anxiety scale(MDAS) ,State Anxiety Inventory(S‐AI) ,and two homemade scales were used to in‐vestigated .Results No difference in general baseline data was found in two groups of anxiety and non‐anxious ,except the propor‐tion of women in the group of dental anxiety was higher than non‐anxious group(60% vs .40% ,P=0 .008) .Logistic regression a‐nalysis showed that fear of bad medical technology(OR=2 .247);spray to mouth(OR=2 .151);affect normal chewing function(OR=2 .589);listen to the negative experiences(OR=2 .825);lack of knowledge of oral understanding(OR=2 .539);fear of pain(OR=2 .074) were independent risk factors for dental anxiety .Binary Logistic regression analysis also found that understand the oral health knowledge(OR=0 .374);listening to the music(OR=0 .279);anesthetics(OR=0 .305);encouragement and praise language (OR=0 .460) independent protective factors to relieve dental anxiety .Conclusion Worry about medical technology ,mouth spray , affecting normal function ,listen to the negative experiences ,lack of oral knowledge and fear of pain were common cause of dental anxiety .Study of oral knowledge ,music ,anesthetics ,medical encourage staff to use the language of praise were effective ways to re‐lieve dental anxiety .

Objective To exPlore the theraPeutic effect of cycloVirobuxine_D ( CVB_D) on heart failure by obserVing the influences of CVB_D on cardiac function,myocardial morPhology and structure in rats with heart failure. Methods The rat model of heart failure was established by ligating left anterior descending coronary artery,and then the rats were randomly diVided into 5 grouPs,Plus the sham grouP. EchocardiograPhy was used to assess cardiac function,including EF,LVSF,SV,HR,CO and so on. Myocardial tissue section was obtained. Change in the myocardial tissue was obserVed by HE staining. Myocardial ultra_structure was obserVed by using transmission electron microscoPe. Results As comPared with the model grouP,EF and LVSF were significantly increased in medium and high dose CVB_D grouPs (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01),SV was increased in low and medium dose CVB_D grouPs (P<0. 05),CO was increased in low,medium and high dose CVB_D grouPs (P<0. 05),LVIDs was decreased and LVPWs was increased in high dose CVB_D grouP (P<0. 05). Under light microscoPe,changes of myocardial structures were obserVed in different CVB_D dose grouPs: myocardial fiber gradually became tidy, striPes became clear, and contour became clear. The changes of myocardial ultra_structure were obserVed under transmission electron microscoPe: the myocardial fiber breakage was reduced and the number of mitochondria was increased,swelling degeneration was alleViated. Conclusion CVB_D significantly imProVed cardiac contraction and blood PumPing function of rats with heart failure, exerted mitigatiVe effect on damage of cardiac muscle fiber and mitochondria. It suggests that CVB_D may be effectiVe in the treatment of heart failure.

Chimeric antigen receptor (Car) T cells, not only have the characteristics of strong specific recognition of tu-mor antigens, but also have destruction and high affinity advantages, thus receiving more attention. Although it has played a lot of advantages in anti-tumor, it still has some shortcomings, which needs to be further optimized to improve the safety of its clinical application. In this study, The cell structure and biological function, treatment process, application development and application risk of Car T cells are reviewed, which provide references for further clinical immunotherapy of Car T.

Objectives To investigate the correlation between dietary fatty acids intake of pregnant women and neonatal anthropometry at birth. Methods Women in early pregnancy were recruited with appropriate value of weight gain in pregnancy. Instant photography was used to assess the dietary situation in both the second trimester and the third trimester to calculate the intakes of food, energy, macronutrients, and fatty acids. The body weight, height and BMI at birth were evaluated with Z scores. The correlation between dietary fatty acids of pregnant women and neonatal anthropometry at birth were analyzed. Results There were 516 pregnant women recruited in this study. The average intakes of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and the proportion of total fatty acids in the two trimesters were 15 . 09 g/d, 23 . 93% and 17 . 18 g/d, 24 . 86%. In the second trimester the intakes of n-6 and n-3 PUFA were 14 . 23 g/d and 3 . 45 g/d, and in the third trimester, n-6 and n-3 PUFA were 16 . 08 g/d and 3 . 81 g/d, the average intakes in the third trimester were signiifcantly higher than those in the second trimester (P??0 . 05 ). The intake of DHA ( 64 . 43 mg/d) in the second trimester was lower than that in the third trimester 75 . 12 mg/d, (P??0 . 05 ).The dietary intakes of n-3 PUFA, n-6 PUFA and n-6/n-3 ratio in the second trimester were positively correlated with neonatal BMI r=0 . 142~0 . 189 , P??0 . 05 ). Conclusions The dietary ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFA in the second trimester was positively correlated with neonatal BMI, suggesting that moderately increasing the intake of n-3 PUFA may play a positive role in reducing childhood obesity.

National Teaching Contests of young teachers from medical colleges in China has been held for several years. Experiences obtained from participating and observing the contest have shown that the teaching ability and quality of young teachers have been dramatically improved over these years. But there are a few problems worthy of attention. First, up-to-date progress in scientific research should be intro-duced to the class in proper way. Applying the scientific material mechanically or overgeneralizing individual findings should be avoided in this process. Secondly, the teachers should strengthen the cultivation of criti-cal thinking and dialectical way of thinking, to enable students to use critical thinking, the integrated point of view to analyze and solve the problem. Thirdly, teaching should also focus on humanistic education, and through the infiltration of human content in the classroom, imperceptibly affect students. Finally, young teachers can give full play to their advantages of rapid learning and to use internet as a platform for the reform of teaching methods to promote the interaction between teachers and students, enriching their class-room.

Objective To study the expression of c -Met protein in gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST) and to evaluate its clinicopathological significance.Methods The immunohistochemical technique,EnVision method was used to evaluate the expression of c -Met in 105 cases of GISTs.Results c -Met protein positive rate in GISTs was 9.52%(10 /105),its expression rate was significantly higher in GISTs with >10 /50HPF mitotic activity(P <0.05).c -Met protein expression rate was higher in GISTs which >5cm,moderate or high -risk,or mass located outside the stomach,but the difference was not statistically significant(P >0.05 ).Conclusion c -Met protein expression may related with risk of GISTs.We think that c -Met is worthy of further study for its potential usage as a evaluation indicators of GISTs clinicobiological behavior.

Objective To observe hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation in 12 patients with rheumatic disease undergoing immunosuppressive therapy and to evaluate whether preemptive antiviral therapy is necessary for patients receiving disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs).Methods From January 2008 to March 2012,a total of 12 HBV-infected patients with rheumatic diseases were consecutively enrolled into this long-term follow-up study.Liver function and serum levels of HBV DNA were tested during the follow-up.Results The medium duration of follow-up was 41 months (range 16-48).Four patients received steroid treatment,and among them two patients without pre-emptive antiviral therapy developed HBV reactivation.After administr-ation of LAM or ETV,HBV replication was controlled in both patients.Five patients were treated with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs and the other three patients received tumor necrosis factor-alpha-blocking agents.None of these patients received pre-emptive antiviral therapy.HBV reactivation did not occur in any of them.Conclusion HBV reactivation does occur in HBV-infected patients with rheumatoid diseases after immunosuppressive therapy.Pre-emptive antiviral therapy should be administered in patients who are receiving steroid therapy for rheumatic diseases.In contrast,DMARDs and TNFBA are relatively safe for HBV-infected patients with rheumatic diseases.Close monitoring of HBV DNA and ALT levels is necessary to the mana-gement of HBV reactivation.

Objective To compare the MRI manifestations and characteristics of ≤ 3 cm nonepithelial hepatic angiomyolipomas (HAML)and small hepatocellular carcinoma (SHCC),then improve the preoperative diagnostic accuracy.Methods A retrospective analysis of 20 patients ≤3 cm nonepithelial HAML and 26 cases of SHCC,confirmed by clinical pathology,with both in clinical data and MRI characteristics.Results ≤3 cm nonepithelial HAML commonly occurs in women;The enhancement patterns“wash in and wash out”in 1 1 cases,6 cases “wash in but slow out”,3 cases with delayed enhancement;Mature adipose tissue found in 5 cases, 3 cases has pseudocapsule enhancemen in delayed phase,13 cases can see central vessels;While SHCC often occurs in men,with“wash in and wash out”enhancement pattern in 23 cases,1 7 cases with pseudocapsule enhancemen in delayed phase,12 cases can see central vessels in lesions.ADC values for SHCC was significantly lower than that for ≤3 cm nonepithelial HAML,the ADC values of SHCC significantly lower than the surrounding liver parenchyma;The ADC values between ≤3 cm nonepithelial and liver parenchyma around has no significant differences.ADC values of liver parenchyma with liver cirrhosis was lower than that without cirrhosis.Conclusion The existence of mature adipose tissue,the MRI enhancement pattern and the value of ADC can help to distinguish between ≤3 cm nonepithelial HAML and SHCC,then improve the preoperative diagnostic accuracy.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the chemical constituents of the extract of Galium verum.

METHODThe compounds were isolated by chromatography and identified by spectral data.

RESULTThe eleven compounds obtained were identified as (+)-pinoresinol 4,4'-O-bis-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1), epipinoresinol (2), (+) -medioresinol (3), isorhamnetin (4), isorhamnetin 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (5), diosmetin (6), diosmetin 7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (7), quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (8), ursolic acid (9), ursolic aldehyde (10) and rubifolic acid (11).

CONCLUSIONCompounds 1-5 and 9-11 were isolated from this genus for the first time.

Objective To investigate the effects of decorin (DCN) on apoptosis and oxidative stress in human lens epithelial cells (LECs) under high glucose condition.Methods HLE-B3 cells were cultured in vitro and the effect of DCN with different concentrations on HLE-B3 viability was determined by using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8).The cultured cells were divided into normal control group,DCN group,high glucose group and DCN + high glucose group.Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis rate and the expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cells.Microplate spectrophotometer was used to measure total superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity and the radio of glutathione (GSH)/glutathione disulfide (GSSG).Western blot was used to detect the expressions of bax and bcl-2 proteins.Results HLE-B3 cells were spindle shaped,with centered and clearly visible nuclei and neatly cell arrangment.According to CCK-8 method,survival rates of HLE-B3 in all groups were more than 90％.Different concentrations of DCN showed no significant effect on HLEoB3 survival rate (all at P＞0.05).After 48 hours of cell culture,the apoptosis rate of high glucose group was significantly higher than that of normal control group,and the apoptosis rate of DCN+high glucose group was significantly lower than that of high glucose group (both at P =0.000).The mean fluorescence intensity of intracellular ROS in the high-glucose group was significantly higher than that in the normal control group,and the mean fluorescence intensity of ROS in the DCN group was significantly higher than that in the high glucose group (both at P=0.000).The total SOD activity in the high glucose group was significantly lower than that in the normal control group and DCN group (P =0.007,0.004).The GSH/GSSG ratio of the high-glucose group was significantly lower than that of the normal control group and DCN group (both at P=0.000).Conclusions DCN can inhibit the apoptosis and oxidative stress of HLE-B3 under high glucose,which provides the basis for the treatment of diabetic cataract.