Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome ; complications ; Child ; Humans ; Hypertension ; complications

PurposeIt is well known hypobaric hypoxia occurs with acute exposure to high altitude, with commonly associated change of cerebral blood flow (CBF). In this work, three-dimensional arterial spin-labeling (3D ASL) was used to monitor the change of CBF to further extend our understanding of hypobaric hypoxia.Materials and Methods Six healthy subjects were recruited for this study, they were asked to stay at high altitude areas for 5 days, and then returned to the plain. All subjects received MRI examination in both plain and high altitude areas using exactly the same 3.0T MR scanner. A total of 8 MR scans were performed, and all the parameters were kept the same, the changes of cerebral blood flow were observed.ResultsCBF increased obviously and reached its peak after acute exposure to high altitude, at the first day at high altitude, CBF measurements in global brain, grey matter and white matter increased signiifcantly compared to the plain, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); after that, the CBF measurements started to gradually decrease in the second day and a small climb on the third day at high altitude, then the CBF continued to drop after returning to sea level, even below that at sea level prior to departure. After 1 week back to the plain area, CBF measurements in global brain, grey matter and white matter were still lower than those before departure for high altitude areas, with a statistically signiifcant difference (P<0.05).ConclusionCBF measurements had obvious increase upon initial arrival at high altitude, and then the CBF continued to drop even below that at sea level prior to departure.

Objective To assess the effectiveness of a novel mobile health patient management system involving doctors, nurses, and patients ( TRIO mode) on glycemic control and self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) compliance among the type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM) patients using basal insulin standardization treatment in China. Methods From April 2014 to April 2015, 416 hospitals in 110 cities of 30 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions across China were selected to participate in the program. A Online-to-Offline ( O2O) integrated mobile health patients management system with mobile terminals for the doctors, nurses, and patients was applied in the program for patient education, follow-up, and data collection. For all the newly recruited patients, the baseline information was collected and a first-day patient education program were provided by a designated nurse. In the 12-week follow-up period, data of basal insulin doses and fasting plasma glucose ( FPG) values were collected from the patients by text messages or tracking phone call by the nurse. The patients also received timely standardized patients health education and glycemic control guidance by participating in thepatient education forum anddoctors' hotline in order to help them achieve the glycemic control goals. Results A total of 102 524 patients using basal insulin treatment were eligible and enrolled in the program. 64 420 patients completed the 12 weeks follow-up and provided at least one FPG value at all five follow-ups. In total, 62. 6% (40 334 / 64 420) of the patients reached the FPG control target(FPG≤7. 0 mmol/ L) at the end of follow-up period. The weekly average FPG for patients with complete SMBG data decreased from 10. 58 mmol/ L to 6. 91 mmol/ L while the FPG control rates increased from 13. 4% to 69. 2% . The weekly average FPG for the patients provided incomplete SMBG data decreased from 10. 54 mmol/ L to 7. 13 mmol/ L while the FPG control rates increased from 13. 6% to 62. 2% . The FPG control rates for the patients provided complete SMBG were 1. 74 times higher than those patients provided incomplete SMBG. Based on a GEE model, the average decline of the FPG and the increase of the FPG control rates were significantly better for patients who provided complete SMBG as compared to the patients with incomplete SMBG data. The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that factors such as receiving the first-day education, participating in the follow-up patient education forum, and the doctors' hotline were significantly associated with the improvement of the SMBG compliance, the treatment adherence, and the FPG control rates. The SMBG compliance and the treatment adherence for patients who completed first-day education were 1. 68 times and 1. 22 times higher, respectively. For the patients who participated in follow-up education activities, their SMBG compliance and treatment adherence were 3. 17 times and 3. 36 times higher, respectively. Conclusion The innovativeTRIOmobile health patient management mode was feasible and effective for better managing the type 2 diabetes patients initiated on basal insulin treatment in China. Active participation in the first-day education program and the follow-up patient education activities can effectively improve the SMBG compliance and the treatment adherence, and therefore play an important role in helping patient achieving FPG control in a faster manner.

Shengmai Yin (SMY) is a Chinese herbal decoction that effectively alleviates the side effects of radio-therapy in various cancers and helps achieve radiotherapy's clinical efficacy.In this study,we explored the interaction mechanism among SMY,DNA methylation,and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).We identified differences in DNA methylation levels in NPC CNE-2 cells and its radioresistant cells (CNE-2R)using the methylated DNA immunoprecipitation array and found that CNE-2R cells showed genome-wide changes in methylation status towards a state of hypomethylation.SMY may restore its original DNA methylation status,and thus,enhance radiosensitivity.Furthermore,we confirmed that the dif-ferential gene Tenascin-C (TNC) was overexpressed in CNE-2R cells and that SMY downregulated TNC expression.This downregulation of TNC inhibited NPC cell radiation resistance,migration,and invasion.Furthermore,we found that TNC was hypomethylated in CNE-2R cells and partially restored to a hypermethylated state after SMY intervention.DNA methyltransferases 3a may be the key protein in DNA methylation of TNC.

Objective To observe the effect of arsenic exposure to drinking water on thelevel of histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) and histone 3 lysine 79 trimethylation (H3K79me3) in peripheral blood leukocytes of human,and to analyze the relationship between arsenic exposure and H3K4me3,H3K79me3 modification levels.Methods A cluster sampling survey was carried out in typical endemic arsenicosis areas of Shanxi and Jilin provinces.Two hundred eighty-one local residents with a drinking water age of ≥ 10 years were selected as the survey subjects.According to the arsenic content of drinking water,the tested population was divided into control group (water arsenic content ≤0.01 mg/L,60 cases),low water arsenic exposure group (＞ 0.01-0.05 mg/L,61 cases),medium water arsenic exposure group (＞ 0.05-0.10 mg/L,50 cases),and 110 cases of high water arsenic exposure group (＞ 0.10 mg/L).Drinking water samples,immediate urine samples and peripheral blood samples were collected from the subjects.Arsenic content in drinking water and urinary arsenic content were determined via the atomic fluorescence method;histone H3K4me3 and H3K79me3 in peripheral blood leukocytes were determined by dot blot hybridization (Dot Blotting).Results There were no statistically significant differences in age (61.50,60.00,59.50,59.50 years old),different gender (male:20,27,17,40 cases,female:40,34,33,70 cases),body mass index (BMI),smoking and drinking status between the control group,low,medium and high water arsenic exposure groups.Water arsenic content in the control group,low,medium and high water arsenic exposure groups (median:0.005,0.024,0.076,0.150 mg/L),urinary arsenic content (0.011,0.018,0.061,0.134 mg/L),and water arsenic cumulative exposure levels (0.342,1.641,5.273,7.716 mg) were compared between groups,the differences were statistically significant (H =256.041,88.615,218.610,P ＜ 0.01).In the control group,low,medium and high water arsenic exposure groups,the modification levels of H3K4me3 (0.100,0.059,0.083,0.083)and H3K79me3 (0.049,0.036,0.055,0.052) in peripheral blood leukocytes were not significantly different (H =1.488,2.097,P ＞ 0.05).The levels of H3K4me3 and H3K79me3 in peripheral blood leukocytes were positively correlated with water arsenic content,urinary arsenic content,water arsenic cumulative exposure levels (r =0.245,0.221;0.299,0.318;0.149,0.149;P ＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05);there was a positive correlation between H3K4me3 and H3K79me3 modification levels (r =0.811,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion There is a positive correlation between arsenic exposure through drinking water and the levels of H3K4me3 and H3K79me3 in the peripheral blood leukocytes of the population,but it is necessary to expand the sample size for further study.

AIM: To compare the bioavailability of norfloxacin tablets produced by Zhejiang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd with the original product BACCIDAL, and to evaluate bioequivalence of two formulations, a randomized, open, two-cycle, self-crossing trial in healthy Chinese population was designed. METHODS: Under fasting and fed conditions, healthy volunteers were given a single dose of norfloxacin test or reference tablets for 100 mg. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method were used to determine drug concentration in the plasma taken at different time points before and after dosing. Pharmacokinetic parameters and the bioequivalence of the two formulations were calculated by WinNonlin 7.0 software. RESULTS: A total of 28 healthy volunteers were enrolled and completed the fasting test. The pharmacokinetic parameters for test and reference preparations in fasting state were as follows: C

AIM: To evaluate the bioequivalence of two candesartan cilexetil tablet formulations in healthy Chinese subjects after administration of a single dose, and an artificial neural network model was established to predict the candesartan plasma concentration, and provide a basis for clinical rational use of drugs. METHODS: Thirty-two healthy Chinese subjects were enrolled for oral administration of a single 8 mg dose of candesartan cilexetil tablet (test or reference product) under fasting or fed conditions to conduct a bioequivalence study. The bioequivalence results were used to build a back-propagation artificial neural network model by MATLAB software, and the model was internally and externally verified to predict the plasma concentration. RESULTS: Under both fasting and fed conditions, the C