Objective To analyze the impacts of early enteral nutrition (EN) and parenteral nutrition (PN) on the prognosis of acute pancreatitis.Method By searching relevant literature between January 1996 and August 2013 in Chinese and English databases including Wanfang,VIP,CNKI,PubMed,the Cochrane Library,CBM,and EMABSE,we compared the prognosis of acute pancreatitis after EN or PN in terms of casefatality rate,infections,multiple organ failure,and other complications.Result Compared with PN,early EN significantly reduced the case-fatality rate [OR =0.37,95％ CI (0.23,0.58),P ＜ 0.000 1],decreased the infection rate [OR =0.24,95％ CI (0.15,0.39),P ＜0.000 01],shortened hospital stay [MD =-9.87,95％ CI (-10.84,-8.89),P ＜ 0.000 01],and reduced complications [OR =0.26,95％ CI (0.12,0.58),P =0.001 0] in patients with acute pancreatitis,although the incident of multi-organ failure showed no significant difference [OR =0.35,95％ CI (0.10,1.19),P =0.09].Conclusions For patients with acute pancreatitis,early EN is superior than PN in terms of case-fatality rate,infection rate,hospital stay,and complications.Therefore,it should be applied in such patients whenever condition allows.

Twenty-seven patients with subclinical hyperthyroidism(SH)complicated by paroxysmal atrial fibrillation(PAF)were treated with methimazole plus bisoprolol.All patients were examined by Doppler echocardiogram and 24 h ambulatory electrocardiograms before and 3 months after treatment.Serum FT3,FT4,and TSH levels were measured with RIA.The results showed that low-dose methimazole therapy could improve the left ventricular diastolic function(P < 0.01)and help maintain sinus rhythm.The incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism was low.Low-dose methimazole was effective and safe in patients with SH complicated by PAF.

Aim To investigate the expression of mGluR1 in hippocampus of spontaneously epileptic rats(SER) by control study.Methods Total RNA was extracted from hippocampus of SER and Wistar rats,and mGluR1 mRNA expression was detected by RT-PCR;the expression of mGluR1 protein was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Results mGluR1 mRNA of SER was lower than that of Wistar rats in hippocampus(P0.05) were found.In positive cells,mGluR1 proteins were enhanced.By Western blot,total mGluR1 protein was down-regulated in SER hippocampus(P

Objective To analyze the treatment and prognosis of patients with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia with urinary system and adrenal glands metastasis.Methods The treatment and prognoses of 32 patients with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia with urinary system and adrenal glands metastasis from Dec.1990 to Dec.2010 at Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were respectively reviewed.Results Treatment methods:all 32 patients received 9 courses(in average) of a multi-drug chemotherapy in our hospital (range 1-24 coures).Among them,3 patients with bladder metastasis received intravesical chemotherapy of fluorouracil.9 patients received surgical treatments in other hospital and 15 patients received surgical treatments while undergoing chemotherapy in our hospital.Treatment results:after the treatments,of the 32 patients,21 (66％) patients achieved complete remission,3(9％) exhibited partial remission and 8 (25％) progressed.Seven patients with renal metastasis achieved complete remission.Two patients with adrenal glands metastasis achieved complete remission.Nine patients with urinary bladder metastasis achieved complete remission.Seven patients with ureters metastasis achieved complete remission.Two (10％) of 21 patients with complete remission relapsed.Conclusions Multidrug and muhiroute chemotherapy is the main strategy for patients with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia with urinary system and adrenal glands metastasis.The prognoses of patients with renal or adrenal glands metastasis are much worse than those in patients with bladder and ureters metastasis because of concomitant multiogran metastasis.Adequate attention should be given to patients with renal or adrenal glands metastasis.Individual treatment,assisted by surgery when necessary,may be carried out for these patients to achieve a better outcome.

Objective To investigate the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in the diagnosis of tuberculous mesenteric lymphadenitis by analyzing its enhancement pattern. Methods The conventional ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound images of 62 patients with tuberculous mesenteric lymphadenitis confirmed by needle core biopsy or surgery were retrospectively analyzed. The location, size, shape, internal echo and posterior enhancement of mesenteric lymph nodes were recorded. All cases were divided into two groups:the maximum diameter of the lymph node≤20 mm and the maximum diameter of the lymph node >20 mm, and the patterns of enhancement in two groups were analyzed. Results The conventional ultrasound of 62 cases with tuberculous mesenteric lymph nodes showed enlargement. And the echogenicity was hypoechoic or heterogeneity, containing punctate or clusters of calcification in 19 cases (30.6%). After CEUS, there were three forms of enhancements:rim enhancement in 29 cases (46.8%);inhomogeneous enhancement in 21cases (33.9%);non-enhancement in 12 cases (19.3%). Rim enhancement was more common in the≤20 mm group, while inhomogeneous enhancement was more common in the lymph nodes>20 mm. There was statistically significant difference of the enhancement type between the≤20 mm group and the>20 mm group (χ2=6.782, P=0.034). Conclusions Most of tuberculous mesenteric lymph nodes showed rim and inhomogeneous enhancement in CEUS, and the sizes of mesenteric lymph node tuberculosis influenced the CEUS enhancement patterns. CEUS may provide useful information for the diagnosis of the tuberculous mesenteric lymph node.

Objective To investigate the effects of TLR7 on imiquimod induced apoptosis of THP-1 derived macrophages.Methods Three cell lines ( THP-1 derived macrophages, MDCK cell line and HUVEC cell line) with different capabilities of expressing TLR7 were selected.The survival rates of cells af-ter the treatment with different concentrations of imiquimod were detected by MTT assay.The levels of IL-6 in the supernatants of TLR7 inhibitor chloroquine or TLR7-siRNA treated cells were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The apoptosis of cells was detected by flow cytometry after inhibiting the ex-pression of TLR7.Results Imiquimod induced the apoptosis of THP-1 derived macrophages, MDCK cell lines and HUVEC cell lines.The levels of IL-6 were significantly decreased as the expression of TLR7 was inhibited by treating THP-1 derived macrophages with chloroquine or TLR7-siRNA.Treating THP-1 derived macrophages with chloroquine or TLR7-siRNA did not affect the cell apoptosis induced by imiquimod.Con-clusion Imiquimod could induce the apoptosis of THP-1 derived macrophages through TLR7 independent pathway.

AIM: To study the effects of 7 weeks prolonged haevy load swimming and Panaxadiol Saponins (PDS) on the expression of ?-actin in quadriceps muscle of thigh in rats. METHODS: After 7 weeks prolonged heavy load swimming training, the expression of ?-actin in quadriceps muscle of thigh was quantitatively examined by Northern blotting analysis in the condition with or without PDS treatment. RESULTS: The expression of ?-actin in rat quadriceps muscle of thigh in exercise+PDS group was significantly higher than that in sedentray control group and exercise+saline group at 24 th hour after intensive training. No statistical difference between exercise+androsan group and exercise+saline group was observed.CONCLUSION: PDS enhanced ?-actin expression in quadriceps muscle of thigh in rats.

Objective:To investigate the expression levels of PPARα/γin RAW264. 7 cells in the early stages of co-cultivation with Echinococcus granulosus in vitro. Methods:RAW264. 7 cells were co-cultured with E. granulosus and collected at 12,24,36,48, 72 h. The mRNA levels of PPAR-γ,PPAR-α,M1 macrophages-associated cytokines including TNF-α,MCP-1 and IL-1β,and M2 mac-rophages-associated cytokines including Arg-1,TGF-β and Fizz-1 were detected by qRT-PCR. The protein levels of Arg-1 and MR were analyzed by ELISA. Results:The expression levels of PPAR-γ, PPAR-αand the M2 macrophages-associated cytokines including Arg-1,TGF-β,Fizz-1 and MR were significantly increased,especially at 72 h (P<0. 05). M1 macrophages-associated cytokines including TNF-α,MCP-1 and IL-1β were decreased at 72h although increased at first. Conclusion:During the early stages of co-cultivation with Echinococcus granulosus in vitro, the levels of PPAR-γ/α are up-regulated in RAW264. 7 cells, which may drive macrophage polarization and play a role in the immune escape.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of sleep deprivation on expressions of Mir-132,mir-134 in the different regions of rat brain.MethodsAll the male SD rats were divided into control group ( normal sleep group),sleep deprivation (SD).The modified multiple platform method (MMPM) was used to establish sleep deprivation model.Mir-132,mir-134 level was detected by real time PCR.ResultsMir-132 were significantly increased in SD groups in hippocampus compared with the control groups ( 51.87 ± 8.13 vs 67.25 ± 7.59 ) (P ＜0.01 ).Mir-134 were significantly decreased in SD groups compared with the control groups( 1.82 ±0.15 vs 1.45± 0.12 )(P ＜ 0.01 ).There were no statistically significant differences in cortex and thalamus (P ＞ 0.05 ).Cortex mir-132 level in SD group and control group was 1.57 ±0.10,1.48 ±0.11 respectively,and it was 1.37 ±0.09,1.36 ±0.11 in thalamus;Cortex mir-134 level in SD group and control group was 98.26 ± 5.17,100.80 ±4.15respectively,and it was 97.56 ± 6.28,91.01 ± 4.07 in thalamus.ConclusionThe upregulation of mir-132 and downregulation of mir-134 implies that two miRNAs did opposite actions in the processes of sleep deprivation.This findings indicate that hippocampus mir-132,mir-134 levels in the SD rat may reflect associated depressive patho-physiological processes.

Objective To elucidate the protein expression and gene expression status and the relationship between epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein expression and EGFR gene status.Methods Tissue microarray containing 72 cervical squamous cell carcinoma tissues was constructed,and EGFR protein expression and gene status were evaluated by immunohistochemical and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques.Results Protein expression of EGFR:69 of 72 cervical squamous cell carcinomas were observed.The results demonstrated it was significant association with invasion depth,lymphnode metastasis and lymph-vessel invasion (x2 =4.998,P ＜ 0.05 ; x2 =4.299,P ＜ 0.05 ; x2 =4.686,P ＜ 0.05) in cervical squamous cell carcinomas.For FISH assessing EGFR gene,64 of 72 carcinomas were observed; 7 of 64 cases showed EGFR gene amplification,and 25 disomy,23 trisomy and 9 polysomy were detected.There were high levels of protein expression in all the EGFR gene amplification cases,and there were significant association between EGFR protein expression and the gene copy number (x2 =13.564,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions EGFR may participate in the occurrence,progression and metastasis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma.Overexpression of EGFR protein may result from gene amplification and gene copy number increases,which showed that EGFR gene expression status may be a more effective biological indicator of cervical squamous cell carcinoma targeted therapy.