Background and purpose:The pain is not only the chief symptom of cancer but also the main factor of survival quality for the cancer patient.So it is the most difficult for how to control the pain of moderate to severe late-stage cancer and reduce the rate of side effects.We observed the analgesia effects of micro-dosage ketamine associating morphine patient control skin analgesia(PCSA) for latter cancer pain patients.Methods:52 cases middle, latter cancer pain patients were divided two groups randomly,the first group used the morphine PCSA and the second group used micro-dosage ketamine associating morphine PCSA.The VAS(Visual Analogue Scale) was used to evaluate the pain level,then statistic the side effects rate of two groups.Results:Two groups patients'pain all alleviated fundamentally,the VAS of every period have not statistic difference,but the PCSA pressing times in the first group was more than in the second group.The second group patients'life satisfactory rate was higher obviously than the first group patients';Side effects:the incidence of nausea,vomiting,indulge in sleep and skin titillation in the first group was higher than in the second group;the incidence of respiration depression and hallucination had not difference between two groups.Conclusion:Micro-dosage ketamine associating morphine patient control skin analgesia(PCSA)approach appears to provide patient with safe and effective pain relief and reduce side-effect for moderate to severe late-phase cancer pain,easy to perform and have no process complication to used in clinic.

Aim: To establish a simple and convenient quality evaluation method for Fructus Gardeniae(FG).Methods: The internal standard correction factors(f_(km))of four crocetin derivatives to crocin-1 were established and the system suitability was tested.The content of crocin-1 was determined by external standard method,the contents of other crocetin derivatives were calculated by the content of crocin-1 and their f_(km).Results: There was no significant difference between the test results obtained by the methods oftheoretical calculation by f_(km)androutire determination technique.Conclusion: The internal standard correction method(the method oftheoreti-cal calculation by f_(km))is practical and feasible in the quantitative analysis of Frnctus Gardeniae.

Background Glial cells perform specialized function in many aspects of the development,homeostasis,and function of neurons.Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs)and glia interactions are critically important in glaucomatous neurodegeneration.However,the precise mechanisms of glial activation and ganglion cells damage are still remained unclear. Objective This study was to assess the early responses of glial cells in the retina,optic nerve and optic chiasm in rat models of acute high intraocular pressure (IOP),and to examine the expression of nestin,a neuronal progenitor marker,in the reactive glias. Methods Acute high IOP of 110 mmHg was induced in the right eyes of 6 clean adult female Wistar rats by infusing normal saline solution into the anterior chamber for 60 minutes.Three normal matched Wistar rats were used as controls.The rats were sacrificed by overanaesthesia and sections of retina,optic nerve and optic chiasm were collected on 3 days and 7 days after the injection.Rat retina was examined by Nissl staining to illustrate the gross structure changes.Loss of axons of RGCs in the optic nerve was assessed by immunostaining of β Ⅲ-tubulin.Double labeling of glia] fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and nestin was performed in sections of retina,optic nerve and optic chiasm to evaluate the glial responses.The use of the animals complied with Statement of Animal Ethic Committee of Peking University Third Hospital. Results In control rats,GFAP-positive glial cells were observed in the retina,optic nerve and optic chiasm,where only weak positive response for nestin was noticed.Three days after acute IOP elevation,thickness of inner plexus form layer was significantlydecreased in comparison with the control rats.A loss of 46％ RGCs was found in the rats with ocular hypertension.Obvious increase of GFAP expression was displayed in the retina,and processes of GFAP-positive glia cells extended into outer retina accompanied with significant up regulation of nestin.Axons in the optic nerve demonstrated a tendency of degeneration.Nestin expression increased significantly in the GFAP-positive glias in the optic nerve.Cross-sectional area of optic chiasm corresponding to the injured retina decreased relative to its countcrpart.Astrocyte like GFAP and nestin-colabeled glials were observed in this part of optic chiasm.The pathological changes of the retina,optic nerve and optic chiasm in hypertensive eyes aggravated on 7 days. Conclusions Acute ocular hypertension induce early onset of RGCs loss and axon degeneration.Neuronal injury is accompanied with glial reaction.Reactive glial cells express neuronal progenitor markers.The structural changes of the optic nerve and optic chiasm occur simultaneously with the high IOP.

OBJECTIVETo investigate whether the effect of N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (AcSDKP) on transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta1) and connective tissues growth factor (CTGF) was involved in AcSDKP's antifibrotic effect on the rats with silicosis.

METHODSRats were divided into 6 groups randomly, 10 rats in each group: Control of silicotic model: 1.0 ml normal sodium and was killed after 4 or 8 weeks; Silicotic model 1: 50 mg/ml silica suspension and was killed after 4 weeks; Silicotic model 2: 50 mg/ml silica suspension and was killed after 8 weeks; Anti-fibrosis treatment of AcSDKP: after each rat was intratracheally instilled with 50 mg/ml silica suspension for 4 weeks, AcSDKP 800 microg/(kg x d) was administered into every rat and rats were killed at the 8 weeks; Preventing fibrosis treatment of AcSDKP: after AcSDKP [800 microg/(kg x d)] was administered into every rat for 48 hours, each rat was intratracheally instilled with 50 mg/ml silica suspension and rats were killed at the 8 weeks. Lung fibrosis in morphology was observed by HE staining. The expressions of TGF-beta1 and CTGF in lung were observed by immunohistochemistry. The mRNA expressions of TGF-beta1 and CTGF in lung were observed by real-time PCR.

RESULTSIn anti-fibrosis treatment of AcSDKP group, protein expression of TGF-beta1 and CTGF were (0.244 +/- 0.016) and (0.241 +/- 0.017) respectively, and significantly lower that those in the silicotic model 1 and 2 groups; mRNA expressions of TGF-beta1 and CTGF decreased, mRNA expressions of CTGF were significantly lower that those in the silicotic model 1 and 2 groups (P < 0.05); In preventing fibrosis treatment of AcSDKP group, protein expression and mRNA expression of TGF-beta1 were significantly lower that those in the silicotic model 2 group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAcSDKP can decrease the expressions of TGF-beta1 and CTGF in lung tissues of the rats with experimentally induced pulmonary fibrosis.

Animals ; Connective Tissue Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Lung ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Oligopeptides ; pharmacology ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Silicosis ; metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; metabolism

Objective To explore the application of endometriosis fertility index (EFI) in guidance after laparoscopic surgery of endometriosis patients combined with infertility and to explore methods to improve pregnancy rate in different EFI groups. Methods A prospective research was done in endometriosis patients combined with infertility in Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital from January 2010 to June 2011, after laparoscopic surgery, these 146 patients were divided into 3 groups by EFI score. Using different pregnancy guidance, these patients had 5 years follow-up. Results (1) The 5 years overall pregnancy rate was 89.0%(130/146). The pregnancy rate was 95.7%(45/47) in EFI≥9 group, 92.8%(77/83) in EFI 5-8 group and 8/16 in EFI≤4 group, three groups were all reach satisfactory pregnancy rate;the rate of the first two groups had no statistically significance (P=0.498), but had significant difference with the last group (P<0.01). (2) In EFI≥5 patients, pregnancy rate was the highest in 6 months after operation;in EFI≥9 group, the pregnancy rate was 66.7%(30/45), and EFI 5-8 group was 50.6%(39/77). (3) EFI≥9 group had the highest natural pregnancy rate [83.6% (46/55)], natural pregnancy rate was significant statistical different in different EFI groups (P=0.001). Conclusions EFI score is a useful evaluation in predicting and guiding pregnancy in endometriosis patients combined with infertility after laparoscopic surgery. EFI score guidance, strict post-operation management and positive pregnancy scheme could significantly improve the pregnancy rate of endometriosis patients with infertility.

Abstract: The demand for reliable toxicological data of chemicals runs through every link of occupational health work. The prevention of occupational diseases involves high requirements for the standardization of chemical toxicity assessment in occupational health institutions. Good laboratory practice (GLP) emphasizes the integrity of the test process to trace and supervise the whole process of the test, which is conducive to the standardization of chemical toxicity identification. Therefore, the standardized construction of GLP laboratories is an important starting point for occupational health institutions to carry out chemical toxicity identification. In the construction and management process of GLP laboratories for chemical toxicity identification, occupational health institutions need to build a sound organization and operation system, carry out systematic training and assessment of personnel, establish standard operating norms and emphasize their importance, strengthen the management of facility environment and laboratory, pay attention to quality control and process supervision, and constantly improve their own ability level. To actively adapt to social development and market demand, to provide strong support for occupational health work.

Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Embryonic Stem Cells ; cytology ; enzymology ; Isoenzymes ; analysis ; Mice ; Neurons ; enzymology ; Protein Kinase C ; analysis ; Tretinoin ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between chromosome anomaly and spontaneous abortion, and to provide useful information for genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis in reproductive clinic. METHODS: A total of 1 780 patients who had a history of spontaneous abortion before 24 weeks of gestation were enrolled. The lymphocyte culture and harvest were performed according to standard methods. Karyotypes were analyzed by G-banding in all cases and C- banding in some cases in addition. RESULTS: Altogether 57 abnormal karyotypes were found and the overall incidence of chromosomal abnormalities was 3.20% (women 3.32%; men 2.12%). Among them 23 cases were the balanced translocation; 14 cases were the Robertsonian translocation, 3 cases were the complex chromosomal rearrangement, and the other 17 cases were the other abnormalities. In women with 1, 2, 3 or more spontaneous abortion, the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities was 1.7%, 2.3%, and 5.8%, respectively. CONCLUSION Translocations are the major abnormal karyotpes associated with spontaneous abortions. The chance of finding chromosomal aberration increases with the number of abortions. Chromosomal abnormalities are more common in women with 3 or more spontaneous abortions.
Abortion, Spontaneous ; genetics ; pathology ; Adult ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Cytogenetic Analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Translocation, Genetic

Objective To investigate the permeability of brain microvascular endothelial cells under the condition of high glucose exposure. Methods The bEnd.3 cell line was chosen to detect the value of trans- endothelial electrical resistance (TEER), the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and γ-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT).Hence, the characteristics of blood-brain barrier in cell model were identified.The permeability of brain microvascular endothelial cells on high glucose exposure was evaluated by cell morphology, cell viability, intracellular lactate dehydrogenase activity and relative expression of ZO-1 and Occludin genes. Results The value of TEER, the activity of ALP and γ-GT increased gradually with increasing incubation time.The observation of cell morphology showed that the number of cells decreased significantly under high glucose exposure, and the adherence was unstable.Cell viability decreased with higher concentration of glucose or longer exposure time under high glucose exposure.The activity of lactate dehydrogenase was also decreased, and there were significant differences among the dose groups (P < 0.05).In addition, the expression levels of tight junction protein ZO-1 and Occludin were further detected.It was found that high glucose exposure inhibited the expression of ZO-1 and Occludin genes in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion The bEnd.3 cell line has the characteristics of blood-brain barrier.High glucose exposure inhibited the expression of tight junction protein ZO-1 and Occludin. The results might be related to the change of the permeability in brain microvascular endothelial cells

Objective To evaluate and compare the adult neural stem cells (NSCs) derived from the subventricular zone (SVZ), adipose tissue (AD) and bone marrow (BM) in SD rat in terms of their morphologies, their potential of neural differentiation and their ability to secrete neurotrophins (NTs).Methods Tissues from the suventricular zone, adipose tissue and bone marrow in the same SD rat were chosen and induced in vitro into SVZ-NSCs, AD-NSCs and BM-NSCs, respectively. The abilities of proliferation and differentiation of these 3 NSCs were compared. Immunocytochemistry and Western blotting were employed to detect the expressions of surface markers of neurons and neuroglia, including nestin,βtubulin, galactocerebroside C (GalC) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). The secretions of BDNF and NGF were detected by ELIS A. Results No obvious differences of morphology between SVZ-NSCs and both BM-NSCs and AD-NSCs were found (P>0.05). The proliferation ability of SVZ-NSCs was stronger than that of BM-NSCs and AD-NSCs. The percentage of nestin-positive cells in the SVZ-NSCs was significantly higher than that in the BM-NSCs or AD-NSCs (P<0.05). No obvious differences in the expressions of βtubulin, GFAP, and GalC among the 3 groups were found (P>0.05).The secretions of BDNF and NGF in all the 3 groups could be noted; those in the SVZ-NSCs was significantly higher than those in the BM-NSCs and AD-NSCs (P<0.05); those in the AD-NSCs was slightly higher than those in the BM-NSCs. Conclusions SVZ-NSCs, AD-NSCs and BM-NSCs show similar morphological and phenotypic characteristics; however, SVZ-NSCs present more powerful proliferation, differentiation and secretion abilities than AD-NSCs and BM-NSCs. Considering about such problems as immuno-repulsion, ethic and the origins, AD-NSCs appear to be the better choice than BSVZ-NSCs and M-NSCs.