Objective To discuss the causes of diseases presenting vertigo as a chief complaint in patients in department of neurology of polyclinic and to compare the clinical features of these disease in order to draw the attention of the physicians to benign paroxysmal positional vertigo(BPPV)and posterior circulation ischenmia(PCI).Methods Prospective clinical study was carried out.Followed up outpatients (135)and inpatients(65)with a chief complaint of vertigo were followed up in the department of neurology, the second affiliated hospital of Harbin Medical University.Thorough history, especially the timing and duration of vertigo, provoking and aggravating factors, symptoms associated and risk factors for cerebrovascular were obtained.Physical examinations with special attention to neurologic systems and Dix- Hallpike maneuver were performed.Based on the history, the physical examination, Dix-Hallpike maneuver and special techniques, the diagnoses of 200 patients with vertigo was made.Two weeks after each patient' s first consultation, a follow-up was made.Results The main diagnoses for these 200 patients were BPPV (56.0%), PCI(21.5%), neurosis(13.0%), M?ni?re' s disease(2.5%), multiple sclerosis (1.0%), probably cervical disease(1.0%), acoustic neuroma(1.0%), labyrinthine apoplexy(1.0%), brainstem hemorrhage(0.5%), vestibular neuronitis(0.5%), cerebellum cyst(0.5%), unknown causes (1.5%).Such clinical features of the diseases with vertigo, as age, vertigo duration, and provoking factors, associated symptoms, risk factors, the physical examinations, the treatment and so on were summed up.Conclusions Presentations of vertigo can be clinically diagnosed in most cases, with a larger number of patients suffering from BPPV.Combination of these prominent clinical features may guide the general physicians to the likely causes of vertigo.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) on neurogenesis and learning & memory of manganese poisoning mice.

METHODSHealthy adult Kunming mice were divided into 5 groups, the control group (A), the manganese poisoning (by manganese chloride peritoneal injection) group (B), the manganese poisoning and treated with gastric perfusion of high, medium, low dosage LBP groups (C, D and E). The spatial learning & memory capacity of mouse was determined by Morris water maze training test. The neurogenetic cells were labelled with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and detected by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSThe average escape latency was significantly higher and the times of passing through platform lower in group B than those in group A (P<0.05). BrdU positive cells in groups C, D and E were significantly more than those in group B (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONLBP could enhance the learning & memory capability of the manganese poisoning mice by promoting neurogenesis in hippocampus.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Learning ; drug effects ; Male ; Manganese Poisoning ; Memory ; drug effects ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Neurogenesis ; drug effects

Objective To investigate the effects of TLR7 on imiquimod induced apoptosis of THP-1 derived macrophages.Methods Three cell lines ( THP-1 derived macrophages, MDCK cell line and HUVEC cell line) with different capabilities of expressing TLR7 were selected.The survival rates of cells af-ter the treatment with different concentrations of imiquimod were detected by MTT assay.The levels of IL-6 in the supernatants of TLR7 inhibitor chloroquine or TLR7-siRNA treated cells were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The apoptosis of cells was detected by flow cytometry after inhibiting the ex-pression of TLR7.Results Imiquimod induced the apoptosis of THP-1 derived macrophages, MDCK cell lines and HUVEC cell lines.The levels of IL-6 were significantly decreased as the expression of TLR7 was inhibited by treating THP-1 derived macrophages with chloroquine or TLR7-siRNA.Treating THP-1 derived macrophages with chloroquine or TLR7-siRNA did not affect the cell apoptosis induced by imiquimod.Con-clusion Imiquimod could induce the apoptosis of THP-1 derived macrophages through TLR7 independent pathway.

Objective To comparatively analyze the domestic and foreign sicentific product, academic impact and cooperation in toxicology from 1980 to 2015.Methods The countries, Chinese scientific research institutions and authors engaged in research of toxicology were analyzed according to the InCites-covered number of published pa-pers, cited papers and collaborations .The highly cited papers covered in Web of Sciene were analyzed by biblio-metric analysis.Results The number of papers on toxicology published by USA, Britian and Japan was greater than that published by other countries.The number of papers on toxicology published by China increased significantly and their academic level was notebly improved.Conclusion China should strengthen the subject system construc-tion, attach importance to frontier and retrospective analysis and international cooperation, speed up the develop-ment of toxicology and improve the academic level of its scientific achievements .

ObjectiveTo observe the expression of syntaxin-1 in hippocampus of adult rats with hypothyroidism and the role of different doses of thyroid hormone replacement therapy,further to explore the molecular mechanism of brain damage.MethodsAll 44 male adult SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups according to their body mass(250 - 300 g):hypothyroidism group,routine dosage thyroxine treatment group,high dosage thyroxine treatment group and control group (11 in each group).Hypothyroidism group,routine dosage thyroxine treatment group and high dosage thyroxine treatment group received daily intraperitoneal injection of propylthiouracil (PTU) 10 mg/kg.Hypothyroidism group was given PTU by intraperitoneal injection for two weeks after the previous four week treatment,the routine dosage thyroxine treatment group and the high dosage thyroxine treatment group were given 50,200 μg/kg L-thyroxine daily intraperitoneally for two weeks; the control group received daily intraperitoneal injection of saline.The levels of serum T3,T4 were assayed by radioimmunoassay method,and the level of syntaxin-1 in hippocampus was analyzed by immunohistochemistry.ResultsIn the hypothyroidism group,the levels of serum T3,T4[(0.34 ± 0.04),(43.01 ± 2.95)nmol/L] were significantly lower than those in the control group[(0.65 ± 0.05),(55.20 ± 3.56)nmol/L,all P ＜ 0.05].In the routine dosage of thyroxine treatment group,the levels of serum T3,T4[(0.63 ± 0.05),(55.04 ± 3.77)nmol/L] were not significantly different compared to the control group (all P ＞ 0.05 ).In the high dosage thyroxine thyroid hormone treatment group,the levels of serum T3,T4[(1.11 ± 0.10),(96.68 ± 6.42)nmol/L] were significantly higher than those in the control group(all P ＜ 0.05).The levels of syntaxin-1 protein in the CA1,CA3 and dentate gyrus(DG) of all layer regions of hippocampus (0.059 ± 0.016,0.064 ± 0.014,0.068 ± 0.016,0.069 ± 0.017,0.072 ± 0.016,0.070 ± 0.011,0.051 ± 0.012,0.072 ± 0.017) were significantly higher compared to the control group(0.037 ± 0.008,0.045 ± 0.010,0.042 ±0.009,0.040 ± 0.010,0.053 ± 0.009,0.042 ± 0.009,0.032 ± 0.007,0.047 ± 0.010,all P ＜ 0.05).In the routine dosage and the high dosage thyroxine thyroid hormone treatment group,the level of syntaxin-1 in CA1,CA3and DG regions(0.041 ± 0.011,0.046 ± 0.017,0.044 ± 0.014,0.037 ± 0.008,0.051 ± 0.010,0.043 ± 0.010,0.033 ± 0.011,0.045 ± 0.014 and 0.040 ± 0.010,0.045 ± 0.011,0.043 ± 0.010,0.033 ± 0.009,0.050 ± 0.010,0.041 ± 0.009,0.032 ± 0.009,0.046 ± 0.009)were not significantly different compare to the control group(all P＞0.05).ConclusionThe expression of syntaxin-1 in hippocampus of adult-onset hypothyroidism is increased,which can be reversed by routine dosage treatment of thyroxine.

Objective To investigate the current status of secondary prevention of cerebral infarction in Longquanyi District of Chengdu. Methods Prospective Investigation on the secondary prevention was conducted in 94 pa-tients with cerebral infarction at 3, 12 and 24 months following stroke. Results The percentages of patients receiving anti-platelet therapy, antihypertensive treatment, antidiabetic drug treatment and statin therapy were 96.8%, 92.1%, 91.7%and 63.8%at hospital discharge, 79.8%, 88.9%, 91.7%and 55.3%at 3 months, 76.1%, 75.0%and 41.4%, 63.8%at 12 months and 33.0%, 71.4%;58.3%and 22.3%at 24 months, respectively. None of stroke patients with atrial fibrillation re-ceived anticoagulation therapy. Conclusion There is a large gap between the current practice of secondary prevention and guideline in patients with cerebral infarction in Longquanyi District of Chengdu.

To investigate the possible involvement of Ras signaling in the hematopoietic differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ES cells), ES cells were transfected with RasN17, the dominant-negative mutant of Ras. Western blot was used to test the effect of RasN17 expression on Erk1/2 and Akt phosphorylation, semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect expression of gene related to hematopoiesis in differentiation of ES cells. The results showed that the expression of RasN17 in the ES cells remarkably downregulated the phosphorylation of Erk1/2 and Akt simultaneously. Moreover, the expression of several markers related with hematopoiesis including Runx1, SCL and beta-major globin, were significantly suppressed in the EB expressing RasN17, whereas the transcription of Flk1, a gene required earlier than SCL in development of hematopoietic and endothelial lineages, was not influenced. It is concluded that the activation of Ras is pivotal for in vitro hematopoietic differentiation of ES cells.
Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Embryonic Stem Cells ; cytology ; Genes, ras ; Hematopoiesis ; physiology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; cytology ; Mice ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 ; metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Signal Transduction ; ras Proteins ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo present six cases of Brucella infection in children, analyze the characteristics of the disease, diagnostic and therapeutic process.

METHODThe clinical manifestations, laboratory test results and diagnostic process of 6 confirmed cases of brucellosis seen between 2011-2012 were retrospectively analyzed and domestic and foreign literature was reviewed.

RESULTAll the 6 children had a history of either exposure to, travelling to endemic area, or consuming infected lamb/beef. After the relevant examinations for these children, either positive etiologic or serologic evidence of brucellosis infection was obtained. The main clinical manifestation was fever in all cases, the peak body temperature was 37.5-38.0 °C in 3 cases, 38.1-39.0 °C in 2 cases, 39.1-41 °C in 1 case. Except for 1 case whose fever type was undulant fever, all the rest had irregular fever.Joint pain existed in 3 cases, orchitis in 1 case, cervical lymphadenopathy in 3 cases, hepatosplenomegaly in 2 cases, and impaired liver function in 4 cases. The Brucella agglutination test was positive in 5 cases. The blood culture was positive for all cases. In 4 cases the sulfamethoxazle and rifampicin were used for treatment, 1 case was treated with rifampicin and erythromycin, parents of 1 case refused to use the drug. The "brucellosis in children" was used to search literature at Wanfang database, Pubmed database for literature of recent 10 years, and a total of 13 articles including 15 cases were retrieved. All the patients had fever, 6 cases had joint swelling and pain, 10 cases had hepatosplenomegaly, 6 cases had cervical lymphadenopathy, 4 cases were complicated with central nervous system infection. Brucella agglutination test was positive in 9 cases and blood culture was positive for Brucella infection in all cases.

CONCLUSIONChildhood Brucella infections are usually presented with various clinical manifestations, and are often accompanied by symptoms of systemic infection. For fever of unknown origin, one should include tests associated with brucellosis and pay special attention to differential diagnosis against other diseases.

Animals ; Brucella ; Brucellosis ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Cattle ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Fever ; Humans ; Lymphatic Diseases ; pathology ; Meat ; Retrospective Studies ; Sheep ; Splenomegaly ; pathology

Animals ; History, 20th Century ; Hong Kong ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Influenza, Human ; epidemiology ; history ; virology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny

OBJECTIVETo evaluate safety and efficacy of preoperative administration of enteral nutrition support in gastric cancer patients at risk of malnutrition.

METHODSA single center randomized controlled clinical trial was performed in 60 gastric cancer patients in West China Hospital from May to October 2012. Thirty patients were given enteral nutrition support(Ensure(R)) manufactured by Abbott Laboratories for ten consecutive days before surgical operation in the treatment group, and 30 patients were given an isocaloric and isonitrogenous homogenized diet in the control group for 10 days as well. The laboratory parameters of nutritional status and hepatorenal function were observed and compared between the two groups on admission, preoperative day 1 and postoperative day 3, respectively. Clinical observations, such as nausea and vomiting, were carried out until patients were discharged.

RESULTSBefore the intervention, there were no significant differences in the baseline characteristics between the two groups. The levels of serum albumin [(33.9±5.6) g/L vs. (31.0±5.3) g/L, P<0.05], and hemoglobin[(103.4±7.7) g/L vs.(96.6±10.5) g/L, P<0.01] were significantly improved in the treatment group on postoperative day 3. However, the levels of body mass index, lymphocyte count, liver and renal function, serum glucose, sodium, and potassium were not significantly different between the two groups(all P>0.05). Moreover, two patients with nausea and one with vomiting in each group were found. In clinical observation period, no severe treatment-related adverse event were observed.

CONCLUSIONThe enteral supplement with Ensure(R) in gastric cancer patients at risk of malnutrition during preoperative period is effective and safe, which is superior to homogenized diet and an appropriate choice for gastric cancer patients with nutritional risk.

Enteral Nutrition ; Gastrectomy ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Malnutrition ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Nutritional Status ; Postoperative Period ; Preoperative Care ; methods ; Risk Factors ; Stomach Neoplasms ; surgery