In this study, we investigated the pharmacokinetics parameters of SPIO-shRNA dual functional molecular probe and observed the main organ distribution by MRI in vivo. Eighteen New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups and injected intravenously with different doses of SPIO-shRNA molecular probe, respectively. The blood samples were collected to analyze the pharmacokinetic parameters by measuring the iron content at 30 minutes before and after the injection. Twenty-four Kun Ming (KM) mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: the control group was injected intravenously with physiological saline 200 µL per mouse via the tail vein, the other 3 groups were injected intravenously with different doses of SPIO-shRNA molecular probe. MRI observation was performed in 24 hours, and the liver, spleen, kidney, brain and muscle were collected for iron quantification with Prussian blue staining to determine distribution of the SPIO-shRNA molecular probe in the main organ in vivo. Our results suggest that the molecular probe blood half-life is more than 3 hours. The data of MRI suggest the probe was distributed in liver and spleen, and the MRI signal was reduced with the increase in probe's doses (P < 0.05). The results of Prussian blue staining confirmed the results of MRI. Most of the probe could escape the phagocytosis of mononuclear phagocyte system. Our data provide the pharmacokinetic and distribution of SPIO-shRNA molecular probe in organs. Meanwhile, it suggests the choice of the time and dose of probe for MR imaging of tumor in vivo.
Animals ; Half-Life ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Magnetite Nanoparticles ; Mice ; Molecular Probes ; pharmacokinetics ; RNA, Small Interfering ; chemistry ; Rabbits

The main factors which affected the isolation, purification and cultivation of Pinellia cordata protoplasts from leaves were studied. The results indicated that the optimum enzyme solution for P. cordata leaves was 13% CPW + 1.0% Cellulose +0.1% Pectolase, at pH 6.0, temperature (25-28 degrees C ) for 4 h. The sucrose density gradient centrifugation was adopted to purificate the protoplasts collected, when 25% sucrose was used as mediator, centrifugating at 500 rpm for 10 min. When the protoplasts were shallow liquid and liquid-solid double layer cultured on the medium of MS + 0.5 mg x L(-1) 6-BA + 0.25 mg x L(-1) NAA + 13% mannitol at the density of 2.5 x 104 protoplasts/mL, or fed and nursed cultured at the density of 100-500 protoplasts/mL, cell division could be observed for 3 days; granular calli appeared for 30 days. Calli was proliferated on the medium of MS + 0.5 mg x L(-1) 6-BA + 0.25 mg x L(-1) NAA solidified by 0.55% agar, and differentiated and regenerated after 5-6 months. Plant generation of P. cordata is successfully established.
Cell Separation ; methods ; Culture Media ; Pinellia ; physiology ; Protoplasts ; physiology ; Regeneration

Objective To observe the changes in tear quantity and tear break-up time(BUT) before and after wearing overnight orthokeratology (OK),and investigate the influence of OK on tear film in young adolescents.Methods Prospective clinic study was conducted in 60 adolescents,aged 8-16 years,who met the inclusion criteria during November 2016 and May 2017 in the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University were chosen and fitted with OK (OK group).At the same time,60 adolescents who met the same requirement were fitted with spectacle (spectacle group).The two groups were both divided into three subgroups according to the age (subgroup of 8-10 years old,11-13 years old,and 14-16 years old).The BUT,Schirmer' s I test score,and corneal fluorescent (FL) were measured and recorded before wearing and 1 week,1 month,3 months,6 months and 12 months after wearing.Results Totally 57 patients in the OK group (114 eyes) and 59 patients in the spectacle group (118 eyes) completed the follow-up study.No significant difference in Schirmer' s Ⅰ test scores was observed between the OK group and spectacle group (all P＞0.05).The BUT in OK group was significantly lower than that in the spectacle group at all the time points (all P ＜ 0.05).Of all subgroups,the subgroup aged from 8-10 years exhibited the sharpest and most rapid reduction in BUT.Conclusion Based on our findings,long-term OK wearing has no effect on tear volume but reduces the stability of tear film.The results suggest that OK should be considered to be a good alternative for children and adolescents with spectacle;however,it may influence the quality of tear film.In addition,special attention should be paid to younger adolescents,and regular follow-up is needed.

Sarcopenia is a syndrome associated with decreased muscle mass,decreased muscle strength,and reduced physical performance. Due to multiple factors such as tumor metabolism,systemic inflammatory response,disease progression,and reduced physical activity associated with treatment itself,the risk of sarcopenia in patients with lung cancer is higher than that of the general population. Sarcopenia is closely related to the clinical outcomes,including increased risk for mortality,and significantly impacts patients' long-term quality of life and mental health. This study systematic reviewed the risk factors for sarcopenia in patients with lung cancer,its negative effects on clinical outcomes,long-term quality of life and mental health,and the interventions for sarcopenia. Given the significant impact of sarcopenia on patients with lung cancer,it is urgent to explore a multidisciplinary intervention model to improve their survival and quality of life.

Scavenger receptor CD36 could bind and endocytose oxLDL into macrophages which were then differentiated into foam cells that constitute the atherosclerotic lesion core, and was considered to be a potential target to treat atherosclerosis. In the establishment of the compound library of berberine (BBR, 1) analogues, we discovered that 13-hexylberberine (2) showed an antagonistic activity against CD36. Taking 2 as the lead compound, 21 derivatives were synthesized and their antagonistic activities were evaluated via an ELISA-like high-throughput screening (HTS) model. The primary structure-activity relationships were studied. It was indicated that the introduction of suitable groups at the 2- and 3-position of the aromatic ring A or at the 9-position of the aromatic ring D could enhance the activity. Among the 21 studied compounds, 7g bearing a benzyloxyl group at the 9-position provided a highest CD36 antagonistic activity with the IC50 value of 7.7 micromol L(-1). Besides, its antagonistic activity was further verified with Sf9 insect cell HTS model. So berberine analogues are a new family of CD36 receptor antagonists and worthy to be studied further.
Animals ; Berberine ; analogs & derivatives ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; CD36 Antigens ; metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; High-Throughput Screening Assays ; Receptors, Scavenger ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Spodoptera ; cytology ; virology ; Structure-Activity Relationship

Objective:To test the validity and reliability of the Uighur version of Chinese Soldier Personality Questionnaire (CSPQ) in Uygur ethnic group of recruited youtt.Methods:Using the two-way checklist,all the items were judged by professors as their items belonging to test the content validity.Totally 101 Uygur population of permanent residents and totally 102 patients with schizophrenia in remission in sample 1 were tested for discrimination validity analysis.Totally 460 Uygur youths were recruited to complete the Uygur form of CSPQ for subscale normal distribution analysis and reliability analysis in sample 2.Totally 118 students of Urumqi College of Land Army from sample 3 were selected and retested for test-retest reliability with three weeks interval.Results:Uygur form of CSPQ had 283 items and 8 dimensions.Classification and recognition rate judged by professors ranged from 74.6％ to 91.5％.Patients with schizophrenia scored higher than normal people in all scales.Reliability coefficients of the 8 dimensions ranged from 0.69 to 0.91,and the test-retest reliability ranged from 0.85 to 0.92.Conclusion:It suggests that Uighur version of Chinese Soldier Personality Questionnaire is of good validity and reliability.

Objective: To explore the mechanism of herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion in Crohn disease (CD) treatment by observing the effect of herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion on protein expressions of colonic M2 macrophage marker CD206, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) 2. Methods: Twenty-six specific pathogen free male rats were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group and a herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion group. The CD model was prepared by enema with the mixture of 5％ (W/V) 2,4,6- trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) and 50％ ethanol at 2:1 (volume ratio). After the model was successfully prepared, rats in the herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion group received herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion at Qihai (CV 6) and bilateral Tianshu (ST 25). Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of rat colon; immunohistochemical technique was used to detect the expression of colonic CD206 protein; Western blot, immunofluorescence, and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) technologies were used to detect the protein and mRNA expressions of colonic AMPK and TSC2. Results: Compared with the normal group, rats in the model group showed damaged colonic mucosa, missing of the epithelial layer, thickened submucosa, vascular proliferation, massive infiltration of monocytes and lymphocytes, and cracked ulcers that reached the muscle layer. Rats in the herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion group showed reduced intestinal inflammation and healing intestinal epithelium ulcers. Compared with the normal group, rat colonic CD206 protein expression, and the protein and mRNA expressions of colonic AMPK and TSC2 were decreased in the model group (all P<0.01); compared with the model group, rat colonic CD206 protein expression was increased (P<0.01), as well as the protein and mRNA expressions of AMPK and TSC2 in the herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion can reduce intestinal inflammation in CD rats, increase colonic CD206 protein expression, and up-regulate the protein and mRNA expressions of colonic AMPK and TSC2.

BACKGROUND: In the clinic, 25%-35% heel pain is mostly caused by plantar fasciitis. Previous studies mainly focused on plantar fasciitis with heel pain caused by flat foot and the growth of calcaneus bone spur. There are no reports on other reasons for plantar fasciitis in large-sample studies. OBJECTIVE: Using the real-time shear wave elastography, CT scan and X-ray, the anatomic site and thickness of normal two-dimensional ultrasound standard flat plantar aponeurosis were identified to analyze the relationship between plantar elastic characteristics and plantar arch angle from non-weight-bearing to weight-bearing position so as to explore the correlation of plantar fasciitis with plantar elastics and plantar arch angle. METHODS: Fifty healthy volunteers (feet) were selected as the healthy control group. 100 cases of plantar fasciitis (one foot) were selected as the case group. Plantar arch angle from non-weight-bearing to weight-bearing position was obtained using X-ray and CT scan to identify anatomic site of plantar aponeurosis in both groups. Two-dimensional ultrasound and real-time shear wave elastography were utilized to obtain thickness and elastic modulus of plantar aponeurosis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) From non-weight-bearing to weight-bearing, arch angle change value was (16.4±4.5)° in the healthy control group and (10.5±3.5)° in the case group. Significant differences in arch angle change were detected between the two groups (P <0.01). (2) Thickness of plantar fascia was obviously smaller in the healthy control group (2.4±0.3) mm than in the case group (3.5±0.9) mm. Elastic modulus of plantar fascia was obviously larger in the healthy control group (30.1±1.3) kPa than in the case group (9.1±1.2) kPa. Thickness of plantar fascia and elastic modulus of plantar fascia were significantly different between the two groups (P < 0.01). (3) In summary, real-time shear wave elastography combined with CT and X-ray images can investigate the morphological and elastic characteristics of the plantar aponeurosis from many aspects. Arch angle change is strongly associated with elastic modulus of plantar fascia. The decreased elastic modulus of plantar fascia is possibly one of the reasons for arch angle change from non-weight-bearing to weight-bearing conditions, and is probably one of reasons for plantar fasciitis with heel pain.

OBJECTIVETo establish molecular typing of Listeria monocytogenes isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) for studying the epidemiologic characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from foodstuff in Guangdong province and to build up PFGE typing database of Listeria monocytogenes isolates for identifying the infectious resource of the outbreaks and other epidemiologic investigation.

METHODS"Standardized Protocol for Molecular Subtyping of Listeria monocytogenes by PFGE" was followed. BioNumerics software was applied on image analysis, database establishment, comparative and corresponding analysis.

RESULTS107 Listeria monocytogenes isolates were typed by PFGE, 41 PFGE types were observed among the isolates. The PFGE types were dispersive among these isolates. Listeria monocytogenes isolates were most frequently isolated in raw chicken while the most PFGE types were found in this type of food. The positive rate was relatively high in cold and iced foods. Only 1-2 DNA fragment difference occurred in 26 Listeria monocytogenes isolates by PFGE, so high degree of relatedness remained among these isolates. There were unique PFGE patterns in the regions of Shaoguan and Huizhou. From time to time, a number of isolates remained close relationship.

CONCLUSIONPFGE typing of the 107 Guangdong Listeria monocytogenes isolates demonstrated relative genetic diversity but a number of the isolates showed close relatedness.

Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field ; methods ; Food Microbiology ; Genetic Variation ; genetics ; Genotype ; Listeria monocytogenes ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Phylogeny

AIM:To investigate the regulatory effect of NADPH oxidase-4 (NOX-4) on PI3K signaling path-way in transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced collagen type Ⅰ (collagen Ⅰ) synthesis from lung cancer cells and the mechanisms. METHODS:Human lung cancer A549 cells were cultured in vitro and stimulated with TGF-β1. The ex-pression of NOX family and collagen family at mRNA and protein levels as well as the PI3K class Ⅰ catalytic subunits and the activation of PI3K signaling pathway was measured. A549 cells were pre-treated with NOX-4 inhibitor diphenyleneiodo-nium (DPI), and the expression of collagen Ⅰ at mRNA level as well as the PI3K class Ⅰ catalytic subunits and the activa-tion of PI3K signaling pathway was measured upon TGF-β1 stimulation. RESULTS:TGF-β1 stimulated the expression of NOX-4 and collagen Ⅰ at mRNA and protein levels as well as the expression of PIK3CD and the activation of PI3K signaling pathway at a dose- and time-dependent manner. NOX-4 inhibitor DPI partly reversed TGF-β1-induced collagen Ⅰ expres-sion. Inhibition of NOX-4 down-regulated the degree of TGF-β1-stimulated activation of PI3K signaling pathway without effect on the expression of PIK3CD. CONCLUSION:NOX-4 participates in TGF-β1-induced collagen Ⅰ synthesis from lung cancer cells via regulating the activation of PI3K signaling pathway. TGF-β1/NOX-4/PI3K signaling pathway axis acts as a regulatory role in collagen Ⅰ synthesis from lung cancer cells.