Objective To obtain scientific data for control of iodine deficiency disorders(IDD) by reviewing the surveillance information of school children intelligence quotient(IQ) after the implementation of universal salt iodization. Methods One thousand five hundred and eighty children were selected from 11 primary school in Dalian city of Liaoning province during 2006 to 2009. IQ was measured by Combined Raven Test-C2(CRT-C2) in China. Groups of IQ were classified as outstanding(≥ 130), excellent (120- 129), above average (110- 119), average (90 - 109), below average(80 - 89), margin(70 - 79), low(≤69). Urinary samples of children were collected randomly. Urinary iodine were determined by As-Ce catalytic spectrophotometry. The growth characteristics of IQ were analyzed according to surveillance year and born year. Results The average IQ of children aged 8-10 were 110.4 ± 14.0,112.5 ± 12.4,117.2 ± 11.4,116.2 ± 12.6, respectively, increased year by year from 2006 to 2009. Its average annual increase from 2007 to 2009 were 2.1,3.4,1,9 compared with the IQ in 2006 respectively. The medians of urinary iodine were 224.7,266.7,222.1 μg/L from the year 2007 to 2009, respectively, which were all between 200 - 300 μg/L and can be classified as more than adequate level. The average IQ of children born during the year of 1994 to 2000 were 106.7 ± 13.0,108.1 ± 13.9,108.5 ± 13.4,111.3 ± 14.3,113.6 ± 12.5,115.3 ± 12.3,119.8 ± 11.2, respectively. Its average annual increase from 1995 - 2000 were 1.4,0.9,1.5,1.7,1.7,2.2 compared with the IQ born in 1994 respectively. The ratio of IQ in margin group and low group were all below 2% ; the ratio was increasing in excellent group and outstanding group and decreasing in average group and below average group significantly year after year(x2 = 52.471,34.329,66.483,11.148, all P<0.01). Conclusions Universal salt iodization improves IQ scores. IQ index should be brought into the surveillance project and put in use in IDD control.

Objective To investigate the clinical features of infantile cytomegalovirus(CMV) hepatitis with cholestasis.Methods The clinical features of infantile CMV hepatitis with cholestasis were retrospected in 48 cases and the liver function were detected before and after therapy in 23 cases.Results Forty-eight cases of infantile cytomegalovirus hepatitis with cholestasis had different degrees of jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly and abnormal liver functions. After therapy of 23 cases, the clinical symptoms and serum biochemical parameters such as bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase were improved , but serum parameters of aspartate aminotransferase ,alkaline phospholipids and ?-glutamyltransferase had no improvement.Conclusion The theraphy of CMV hepatitis with cholestasis shall be individual.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of synchronous perfusion of specific respiratory chain complex IV inhibitor sodium azide (NaN3) in brain on rat ventromedial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and acetylcholine (ACh) and choline (Ch) contents in hippocampal extra-cellular fluid, and establish the AD rat model induced by mitochondrial acute injury.

METHODThe synchronous dual-probe dual-channel brain microdialysis sampling technology was applied to synchronously perfuse modified Ringer's solution containing NaN3 (50 micro mol L-1) and neostigmine (2 micro mol L-1) into mPFC and hippocampus of conscious, freely moving normal rats, and continuously collect dialysates from different encephalic areas. Dynamic contents of ACh and Ch were determined by high performance liquid chromatography-post-column immobilized enzyme reactor-electrochemical process.

RESULTACh and Ch contents in mPFC extracellular fluid of normal rats were higher than that in hippocampus. During the process of perfusion, NaN3 could significantly reduce ACh in mPFC/hippocampal extra-cellular fluid, but remarkably increase Ch, and constantly inhibit the recovery of ACh and Ch contents in mPFC/hippocampus.

CONCLUSIONThe synchronous perfusion of NaN3in rat mPFC and hippocampus can injure functions of the cholinergic nerve projection area, and cause the acute AD model with ACh and Ch metabolic disorders. This model can be used in pathogenetic and pharmacological studies.

Acetylcholine ; metabolism ; Animals ; Choline ; metabolism ; Extracellular Fluid ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Hippocampus ; cytology ; Male ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; metabolism ; Perfusion ; Prefrontal Cortex ; cytology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sodium Azide ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Time Factors

Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy of modified Xiaoqinglong Decoction with bladder ginger treatment in treating acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) of external cold and internal fluid. Methods Totally 150 cases of AECOPD were divided into Western medicine group, integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine group, and observation group, with 50 cases in each group. Western medicine group received routine treatment, such as controlled oxygen therapy, anti-infection, triple inhalation, relieve spasm and asthma, cough and phlegm, correct water and electrolyte balance. On the basis of routine treatment, integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine group received modified Xiaoqinglong Decoction, one dosage per day, twice a day, orally. On the basis of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine group, observation group received scraping the bladder at the back of the Bladder Meridian of Foot-Taiyang, putting 20–30 g fresh mashed ginger, for 15–20 min. All treatment lasted for 14 d. TCM symptom scores, the main symptoms of remission time and lung function before and after treatment in the three groups were compared. Results The differences in main symptoms scores (cough, expectoration, wheezing, shortness of breath) and total scores of the observation group were higher than Western medicine group and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine group (P<0.05). The main symptoms remission time of the observation group was much shorter than Western medicine group and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine group (P<0.05). Compared with before treatment, the FEV1,FEV1/FVC and MMEF of the three groups after treatment showed an upward trend (P<0.05). The FEV1, FEV1/FVC and MMEF in observation group were significantly higher than Western medicine group and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine group (P<0.05). Conclusion Modified Xiaoqinglong Decoction combined with bladder ginger for the treatment of AECOPD of external cold and internal fluid has definite curative effect, and can significantly improve TCM symptoms and pulmonary function.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of Bayesian discriminant analysis in predicting the risk of macrosomia. Methods 169 fetal macrosomia and 169 non-macrosomia were enrolled in a 1:1 matched case-control study. Conditional Logistic regression was used to select the discriminant indexes,and the discriminant indexes were put into the Bayesian discriminant model to obtain the Bayesian discriminant function. The discriminant function was the retrospectively examined and externally tested. Results The results of conditional Logistic regression model indicated that mother's height, early pregnancy body mass index (BMI), gestational diabetes, gestational weeks, the height of uterine and abdominal circumference were associated with the birth of fetal macrosomia. The Bayesian discriminant function were established: Fetal macrosomia:y1=-27.802+8.420×Mother＇s height+8.719×early pregnancy BMI+10.485×gestational weeks+3.375×gestational diabetes+2.862×height of uterine and abdominal circumference; Non-macrosomia y2=-17.477+7.161×Mother＇s height+7.217×early pregnancy BMI+7.862×gestational weeks+2.036×gestational diabetes-0.085×height of uterine and abdominal circumference. Wilks′ Lambda λ=0.489, P<0.001, the Bayesian discriminant function was statistically significant. The internal and external conformity rates of the Bayesian discriminant model were all more than 80%. Conclutions The birth of fetal macrosomia is related to many factors. The Bayesian discriminant model in the present study is valuable to discriminate macrosomia and provide an objective reference for more accurate identification of macrosomia in the future.

OBJECTIVETo assess the accuracy of 64-slice spiral CT in diagnosis of restenosis of coronary artery bypass grafts (CABG) and native coronary arteries in patients after bypass surgery.

METHODSFifty-eight patients receiving bypass surgery with totally 140 CABG (43 arterial and 97 venous grafts) were examined using 64-slice spiral CT. CABG and all native coronary arteries with a diameter of >1.5 mm were evaluated for the presence of significant stenoses (>50% diameter reduction) in comparison with the results by coronary angiography as the golden standard.

RESULTSOf the 140 CABG examined, 38 were occluded and 104 remained patent, all of which were accurately identified by 64-slice spiral CT. The sensitivity of CT for restenosis detection in the patent graft was 100% (18/18) with a specificity of 95.2% (80/84). In the segmental evaluation of the native coronary arteries, the sensitivity of the CT in identifying significant stenosis in the evaluable segments (90%) was 84% (87/103) with a specificity of 74% (384/518). The accuracy of CT in detecting the presence of at least 1 stenosis in the CABG, distal runoff vessels or nongrafted arteries was 91% (53/58).

CONCLUSIONCT allows noninvasive angiographic evaluation of both the native coronary arteries and bypass grafts after bypass surgery.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; Coronary Restenosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Coronary Vessels ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tomography, Spiral Computed

Blastomycosis is a fungal disease that is endemic in parts of North America. It is very rare in China and also commonly misdiagnosed, often as cancer or other infectious diseases. The clinical profile of a case of disseminated blastomycosis with pulmonary changes and skin ulcers was described. He had been misdiagnosed with tuberculosis, after adequate therapy with a lipid formulation of amphotericin B, followed by itraconazole, the lung and skin lesions improved. Then the five cases reported in China and literatures were reviewed. The aim of this report was to improve the knowledge regarding blastomycosis for physicians in China to avoid delaying adequate therapy.
Adult ; Blastomycosis ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Radiography ; Young Adult

To evaluate the therapeutic effect of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), we performed HSCT in 30 patients with hematologic maligancies. Of the 30 patients, 10 underwent autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (auto-PBSCT), 13 underwent myeloablative allogeneic HSCT while 7 underwent nonmyeloablative allogeneic HSCT, which were designated as autologous group, myeloablative group and nonmyeloablative group, respectively. All patients except the one who underwent cord blood transplantation, were successfully engrafted. Median time for the granulocytes > or = 0.5 x 10(9)/L and platelets > or = 20 x 10(9)/L were 12 days and 13 days respectively in autologous group, 16 days and 19 days in myeloablative group, 15 days and 12 days in nonmyeloablative group. In myeloablative group, acute graft-versus-host diseases (aGVHD) was observed in 3 patients, all of which were I-II grade. Oral mucous cGVHD was observed in 1 patient. In nonmyeloablative group, 1 patient developed intestinal aGVHD grade IV and cutaneous cGVHD was induced by donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) in 3 patients. 1 patient had hematological relapse in autologous group. 1 patient had cytogenetic relapse in myeloablative group. In nonmyeloablative group 3 patients had cytogenetic relapse and were cured by DLI, 1 patient had hematological relapse. 4 of the 30 patients died of infection (2 patients), grade IV aGVHD (1) and relapse (1) respectively. 26 patients are still alive. 3 years overall survival (OS) and 3 years disease free survival (DFS) were 100% and 64.81% respectively in autologous group, 78.75% and 63% respectively in myeloablative group while both 66.67% in nonmyeloablative group. In conclusion, autologous group had less transplant-related complications and mortality. Active prophylaxis of relapse could significantly promote DFS. The transplant-related mortality limited DFS in myeloablative group. More relapses occurred in nonmyeloablative group, but could be cured by DLI.
China/epidemiology ; Follow-Up Studies ; Graft vs Host Disease/*epidemiology ; *Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects ; Leukemia/*surgery ; Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic/surgery ; Leukemia, Nonlymphocytic, Acute/surgery ; Lymphoma/surgery

OBJECTIVETo study and compare the effect of neutrophil elastase inhibitors (GW311616A and sivelestat) on the proliferation and apoptosis of U937 cells.

METHODSInhibitory effects of GW311616A and sivelestat on the proliferation of U937 cells were assayed by MTT assay. The morphologic changes of U937 cells were detected by transmission electron microscope, and apoptosis was observed by AnnexinV-FITC/PI staining. The changes of cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. The expression of NE in U937 cells was observed by indirect immunofluorescence, the variations of content and activity of NE in U937 cells were measured through ELISA assay and colorimetric method.

RESULTSMTT showed that both NE inhibitors could inhibit the proliferation of U937 cells in a dose dependent manner. The IC50 of GW311616A and sivelestat were 150 and 214 μmol/L respectively. The inhibition effect of GW311616A was significantly higher than of sivelestat (P<0.01). Typical apoptosis morphological changes of U937 cells was observed through electron microscope. AnnexinV-FITC/PI staining showed that U937 cells could be induced to undergo apoptosis by the two inhibitors, the apoptosis ratio of 150μmol/L GW311616A group (13.60%) was significantly higher than that of 150μmol/L sivelestat group (3.69%)(P<0.01). The result of flow cytometry indicated that the apoptosis ratio of 150 μmol/L GW311616A group was 14.61%, U937 cell cycle was mainly blocked in G2/M phase; meanwhile 150 μmol/L sivelestat group as 4.25% with cell cycle in S phase. The fluorescence intensity of GW311616A group obviously decreased than of sivelestat group. And the two inhibitors could reduce the content and activity of NE in U937 cells, but the effect of GW311616A was significantly higher than of sivelestat (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONGW311616A and sivelestat could inhibit the proliferation and cause apoptosis of U937 cells. Furthermore, GW311616A was more effective and harmful to cells than sivelestat.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Glycine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Leukocyte Elastase ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Piperidines ; pharmacology ; Proteinase Inhibitory Proteins, Secretory ; pharmacology ; Sulfonamides ; pharmacology ; U937 Cells

To evaluate the therapeutic effect of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), we performed HSCT in 30 patients with hematologic maligancies. Of the 30 patients, 10 underwent autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (auto-PBSCT), 13 underwent myeloablative allogeneic HSCT while 7 underwent nonmyeloablative allogeneic HSCT, which were designated as autologous group, myeloablative group and nonmyeloablative group, respectively. All patients except the one who underwent cord blood transplantation, were successfully engrafted. Median time for the granulocytes > or = 0.5 x 10(9)/L and platelets > or = 20 x 10(9)/L were 12 days and 13 days respectively in autologous group, 16 days and 19 days in myeloablative group, 15 days and 12 days in nonmyeloablative group. In myeloablative group, acute graft-versus-host diseases (aGVHD) was observed in 3 patients, all of which were I-II grade. Oral mucous cGVHD was observed in 1 patient. In nonmyeloablative group, 1 patient developed intestinal aGVHD grade IV and cutaneous cGVHD was induced by donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) in 3 patients. 1 patient had hematological relapse in autologous group. 1 patient had cytogenetic relapse in myeloablative group. In nonmyeloablative group 3 patients had cytogenetic relapse and were cured by DLI, 1 patient had hematological relapse. 4 of the 30 patients died of infection (2 patients), grade IV aGVHD (1) and relapse (1) respectively. 26 patients are still alive. 3 years overall survival (OS) and 3 years disease free survival (DFS) were 100% and 64.81% respectively in autologous group, 78.75% and 63% respectively in myeloablative group while both 66.67% in nonmyeloablative group. In conclusion, autologous group had less transplant-related complications and mortality. Active prophylaxis of relapse could significantly promote DFS. The transplant-related mortality limited DFS in myeloablative group. More relapses occurred in nonmyeloablative group, but could be cured by DLI.
Adolescent ; Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Graft vs Host Disease ; epidemiology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Leukemia ; surgery ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; surgery ; Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic ; surgery ; Lymphoma ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged