OBJECTIVE: To explore the methods for clinical pharmacists to carry out education in asthmatic patients.METHODS: The necessities for clinical pharmacist to provide education for asthmatic patient were analyzed and the specific modes were designed.RESULTS & CONCLUSION: As a member in the clinical staff,clinical pharmacist should attend the team actively to carry out effective pharmaceutical education in patients so as to raise patients' compliance,improve therapeutic effect and reduce incidence of adverse drug reactions.

Stroke is a major cause of death and disability in China.Some strategies to reduce the burden of stroke is to attach importance to thrombolytic therapy within 6 hours,to strengthen public education,to implement systems-level improvements in the prehospital and stroke unit,and to use statins and antiplatelet drugs to prevent and treate stroke.

BACKGROUND:Studies demonstrated that matrix metalloproteinase-1(MMP-1) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1(TIMP-1) exhibit important role in corneal defect of rats with alkali burns.OBJECTIVE:To observe the promoting effect of recombinant human epidermal growth factor(rhEGF) on rats' corneas following alkali burns,in addition,to explore the effect and significance of rhEGF on the expression of MMP-1 and TIMP-1 in alkali burned rats.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:A randomized controlled animal experiment was performed at the Laboratory Animal Center,Liaoning Medical College from March 2008 to May 2009.MATERIALS:Sixty healthy SD rats,weighting 180-210 g,with 6-8 weeks old,half male and half female.All rats were confirmed that no anterior segment disease before the experiment with slit lamp microscope examination.METHODS:Sixty rats were randomly divided into experimental and control groups,with 30 animals in each group.After the preparation of corneal alkali burn models,cornea of rats in the experimental and control groups were given rhEGF eye drops,and physiological saline eye drops respectively,fourth a day,consecutive for 21 days.Six rats of each group were killed at days 1,4,7,14 and 21 after operation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①Changes of cornea after alkali burned was observed by slit lamp microscope.②The expressions of MMP-1 and TIMP-1 in cornea were detected with immunohistochemistry and computer image analysis system at different time points.RESULTS:The slit lamp microscope results showed that the area of corneal ulcer in the experimental group was obvious smaller than the control group at the corresponding time points.The expression of MMP-1 gradually increased and reached a peak level at 14 days after surgery,then began to decrease.TIMP-1 expressed in the early phrase,but later,its activity gradually decreased,reached the lowest level at 14 days,then began to increase,and peaked at 21 days.The level of MMP-1 in the experimental group was greatly lower than that in the control group at each time points.However,the level of TIMP-1 of the experimental group was greatly higher compared with the control group.CONCLUSION:The rhEGF eye drops can improve effectively the healing of corneal epithelial defect by adjusting the proportion of matrix metalloproteinase and its tissue inhibitor.

As traditional Chinese medicine components have become a hotspot in the field of traditional Chinese medicine study, they have followed a development trend of diversity and false identification. In studies on a new modem product, we shall encourage the diversified development mode, but avoid the false concept identification of traditional Chinese medicine components. In this paper, by analyzing the current development of traditional Chinese medicine components and problems, we discussed the standardization of traditional Chinese medicine components, with the aim of reducing and avoiding the situations to study non-traditional Chinese medicine components as traditional Chinese medicine components.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; standards ; Reference Standards

Objective To investigate the change of erythrocyte immune function and T lymphocyte subsets in patients with uremia and the effect of hemodialysis on them. Methods Flow cytometry and immune adherence rosette method were used to measure the activity of RBC-CR1and the changes of T lymphocyte subsets in 23 uremic patients without hemodialysis, 22 uremic patients before and after sigle hemodialysis and 21 healthy subjects as the control group. Results The activity of RBC-CR1, the number of T lymphocyte subsets significantly changed in patients with uremia, and hemodialysis could partially improve this condition. There was obvious correlation between erythrocyte immune function and T lymphocyte subsets. Serum creatinine was positively relative to the value of RBC-C 3b RR(P

OBJECTIVE:To prepare aciclovir multivesicular liposomes of high encapsulation efficiency and good stability. METHODS: Aciclovir multivesicular liposomes were prepared by multiple emulsion method. The preparation technology was optimized by orthogonal experiment with entrapment efficiency as index and the amount of lubricant glyceryl trioleate (A),drug/lipid ratio (B),pH of buffer solution (C) and the amount of tween-80 (D) as factors. The concentration of the aciclovir was determined by the UV spectrophotometry and the entrapment efficiency of the aciclovir multivesicular liposomes was computed. The change of the entrapment efficiency of the optimized preparations within 7 days in different conditions was investigated and the leaking rate was computed. RESULTS: The optimal technology was as follows: A 0.50 g,B 5∶150,C 6.5 and D 0.40 g. The entrapment efficiency of the aciclovir multivesicular liposomes was 85.82% and the leaking rate was 5.84% within 7 days under common temperature. CONCLUSIONS: The preparation technology of the aciclovir multivesicular liposomes is simple and the preparation is of high entrapment efficiency and good stability under common temperature.

Objective To explore the effect of brain derived neurtrophic factor(BDNF) gene modified umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells ( UCMSC ) transplantation on neurological functional improvement in rats after brain trauma.Methods Cerebral contusion model in motor-sensory cortex in rats was established by a weight hammer falling method.UCMSC were cultured and transferred with BDNF gene.After BDNF expression and activity were determined,the BDNF gene modified UCMSC were implanted into traumatic brain.The neurological function was evaluated for 2 weeks after brain injury.And the BDNF expression was determined by using immunohistochemistry.Results Severe neurological dysfunction was seen in animals that had been subjected to contusion brain injury( 10.50 ±0.53 ).A significant improvement on neurological function was found in the UCMSC transplantaion animal( 7.75 ± 0.71 ), compared with only brain injury group (P ＜ 0.01 ).Moreover, rats in BDNF gene modified UCMSC showed the most behavior improvement ( 5.50 ± 0.76 ) (P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion BDNF gene modified UCMSC transplantation can survive and migrate, and improve neurological function in brain traumatic rats.

Objective To investigate the effect of NGF gene modified umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSC) transplantation on neurological functional improvement in traumatic brain rats. Methods Cerebral contusion model in motor-sensory cortex in rats was established by a weight hammer falling method. UCMSC were culutred and transferred with NGF gene. After NGF expression and activity was identified,the NGF gene modified UCMSC were engrafted into injured brain. The neurological function was evaluated 2 weeks after brain injury. And the NGF immunostaining was also performed to explore the level of NGF expression. Results Severe neurological dysfunction( 10.50 ± 0.53 )occurred in rats after traumatic brain injury, while the UCMSC transplantaion led to a significant functional improvement( 7.75 ± 0. 71 )(P ＜ 0. 01 ). Moreover, the best functional improvement was found in rats receiveing UCMSC grafts modified with NGF gene (5.38 ± 0. 52 ) (P ＜ 0.01 ). Conclusion NGF gene modified UCMSC transplantation can improve neural behavior in rats with brain trauma.

Chinese medicinal decoction pieces were the mainly form for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment,which means TCM prescription drugs.Any processed (heated or unheated) pieces are known as prepared pieces,which include both raw and cooked pieces.Based on differences of the clinical application of processed pieces,this paper summarized three traditional processing theories,such as the raw and prepared effect difference theory,processing accessories action theory,and pharmaceutical theory.The key points were focused on how different processing methods affect the properties of Chinese herbs,such as four natures and five flavors,floating and sinking,attributive channel,tonifying or purging action,and the toxicity.Based on changes of pharmacodynamic substance base and pharmacological action before and after processing,the action mechanism of processing in changes of Chinese medicinal properties was explained.

Objective To study the correlation between scan orientation and the detectability of rotator cuff injury.Methods Different scan orientations of magnetic resonance imaging of the rotator cuff injury were analyzed in high magnetic field in 103 patients.Results The supraspinatus tendon and signal abnormities were obtained in 103 patients,the infraspinatus tendon and signal abnormities in 53 patients,subscapular tendon and signal abnormities in 18 patients,knolls tendon and signal abnormities in 15 patients.The oblique coronal MR imaging was clearest in supraspinatus tendon,while at the axial images was clearest in infraspinatus tendon.Conclusion Rotator cuff and the surrounding tissue injury could be clearly scanned in high magnetic field,the detectability of rotator cuff injury depended on different scan orientations of magnetic resonance imaging.