Objective Depression is a mood disorder that causes a persistent feeling of sadness,with high morbidity rates and great social impairment.Increasingly studies show the abnormalities of brain networks.We summarized the results of resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging study of depression,and demonstrated the neural loops mechanism from neuroimaing perspective.Methods The key words depression, resting state and network were searched in PubMed,CNKI and Wan Fang databases from January 2000 to December 2014.The nodes of depression related network and the alterations of cortex resting-state networks were summarized.Results 24 studies focusing on resting state network of depression were identified.40 studies based on ROI (region of interest) analysis,which included amygdala,frontal lobe,pregenual anterior cingulate cortex and cerebellum.The functional connectivity of ROIs were calculated and compared between groups.8 studies based on ICA (independent component analysis),the resting state networks were extracted and compared between groups.Two based on graph theory,the functional connectivity of whole brain were analyzed and compared.Conclusion There are abnormalities of functional connectivity among limbic system-thalamus-frontal cortex,and the changes of functional connectivity were associated with clinical symptom and drug efficacy of depression.

Objective To construct the eukaryotic expression vector containing short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting the inhibition of Smad3 gene segment in keloid fibroblasts (KFBs) and to investigate the effects on the expression of Smad7 in KFBs. Methods A couple of the most effective siRNA screened from former experiments were used to recombine the plasmids of Smad3 shRNA, and then Smad3 shRNA was transfected into KFBs by LyoVec TM. The expressions of Smad3 and Smad7 at different time points (0～9 d) were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting. Results ① The recombinant Smad3 shRNA vectors were identified by RT-PCR and Western blotting. ② The expressions of mRNA and protein of Smad3 in KFBs decreased significantly in a time-dependent manner after transfection of Smad3 shRNA and reached the lowest point at 72 hours in the experimental group. Optical density analysis revealed a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group (P

Formative assessment is in conformity with the teaching concept of problem-based learning (PBL).It is to make a real-time,dynamic and sustainable observation and evaluation in the whole teaching process.It is helpful to improve learning and teaching continuously.The PBL clinical teaching courses of long-schooling program in our school obtained the certain effect.It used the formative evaluation mode.The homemade students mutual table and teacher evaluation table were used in PBL course.Specifically,students' self-evaluation and mutual-evaluation were made,and then teacher gave some comments in 10 minutes before the end of each class.Every student was scored by the group leader and teacher according to all these abilities,such as the power of expression,question ability,communication skills,coordination skills and the ability to access.At the end of one case study students wrote self assessment reports,and then the teacher wrote reviews,graded and gave feedback to students.However,the final scores were archived as data instead of being part of the course grade.The application of formative assessment has promoted the teaching effect of PBL.However,in the following practice,teachers should be targeted to solve the problems such as lack of teachiers,the students' self evaluation and mutual evaluation being not fair and highly recognized,and a few students having slack psychology.

The susceptibility to 9 kinds of antibiotics of 393 animal pathogenic E. coli isolated from clinical samples was determined from 2000 to 2003. The resistance to TC, GM, CMP, AMP, RA, KM, FT, SM and CIP were 93.89%, 57.76%,78.63%, 77.86%, 92.11% ,47.33%, 46.82%, 76.84% and 74.81%, respectively. The isolates could be classified into eight classes according to the number of drugs to which srains were resistant. The resistance spectrum of the isolates varied from 2to 9 kinds of the above drugs. The strains that were resistant to seven kinds of drugs were more than 80 percent. The resistance rates of swine origin strains to GM,AMP and KM were higher than those of poultry origin strains, while the resistance rates of poultry origin strains to TC, CMP, SM and CIP were higher remarkably than those of swine origins. The frequency of resistance increased from 2000 to 2003,which was from 67.33% to 90.58% for CMP, 71.29% to 84.81% for AMP, 73.76%to 80.10% for SM and 61.88% to 88.48% for CIP. At the same time, the resistance rate of GM decreased from 61.39% to 53.92%. Thirty-seven strains (95 %) could make all the Kunming mice die within 72 h injected intraperitoneally with the culmice three times in vivo. The pathogenicity of wild strains with drug resistance acquired naturaly to mice did not decline.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of pramipexole in treating restless legs syndrome (RLS).Methods A search for randomized,double-blind,and placebo-controlled clinical trials of pramipexole in treating moderate to severe RLS using CNKI,PubMed,Embase and Cochrane Library database was carried out. A meta-analysis of included clinical trials was performed with RevMan 5.0 software.The 2 outcomes that the weighted mean difference(WMD) of change from baseline in International RLS Study Group rating scale(IRLS) score and the relative risk (RR) of response based on the Clinical Global Impression-Improvement (CGI-I) scale score were calculated for efficacy.Safety was assessed with RR of the adverse event (AE).Results A total of 5 clinical trials were included in this meta-analysis,of which 1776 patients were randomly assigned (945 on pramipexole,831 on placebo).The records of patients were pooled.Overall WMD were - 6.34 ( Z =12.76,P ＜ 0.01 ) for the change from baseline in IRLS score,and RR of response based on CGI-I were 1.65 (Z =10.39,P ＜0.01).The overall RR of pramipexole versus placebo were 1.14 ( Z =1.87,P =0.06 ) for AE.Conclusion To treat RLS,pramipexole is an effective and safe drug.

Adolescent ; Bilirubin ; metabolism ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Duodenogastric Reflux ; metabolism ; Esophageal pH Monitoring ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Stomach ; physiopathology

Adenocarcinoma ; surgery ; Adenoma ; surgery ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; surgery ; Hemangioma ; surgery ; Humans ; Ileal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Jejunal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Laparoscopy ; methods ; Lymphoma ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged

Myoblast line C_2C_ 12 cells were co-cultured with various concentrations of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Being induced by GLP-1, myoblast line C_2C_ 12 cells have the potential to differentiate into cells which are able to secrete insulin-like substance.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of osteoarthritis (OA) chondrocytes and normal chondrocytes on the chondrogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) in self designed co-culture system. MethodsRabbit BMSCs and chondrocytes were isolated and expanded in vitro. OA chondrocytes were harvested from the rabbit of established osteoarthritis model. We made a BMSCs-low melting agarose constructs, then put it onto the self-made 6 well plates lattice assembly for co-culture with chondrocytes. The groups were divided into Normal P0-BMSCs, Normal P3-BMSCs, OA PO-BMSCs, OA P3-BMSCs and BMSCs (control) group. At 3, 7, 14 day culture, cultured cells in all groups were collected for real-time PCR, glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, cytoactive detection, and histological observation. ResultsType Ⅱ collagen gene expression was up-regulated in group Normal PO-BMSCs, which showed 5.1-, 7.2-, 11.2-fold increase over that of control group at 3, 7, 14 days, respectively. Type Ⅰ, Ⅱ collagen and aggrecan gene expressions were not obviously up-regulated. In group OA P3-BMSCs, type Ⅰ collagen gene expression level lower than the control group in 3, 7, 14 day. In normal PO-BMSCs, GAG content showed 2.59-fold increase over that of the control group. GAG content of group OA PO-BMSCs and control group showed no significant differences.Others groups showed significant differences in comparison with the control group(P＜0.05). Alcian stain showed positive in all groups. The normal PO-BMSCs group showed the darkest blue-stained. Conclusion Rabbit normal PO chondrocytes and rabbit OA P0 chondrocytes significantly enhanced chondrogenic differentiation of rabbit BMSCs. The secreted morphogens of the rabbit normal P3 chondrocytes and rabbit OA P3 chondrocytes do not have a significant effect on chondrogenic differentiation of rabbit BMSCs.

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of constructing national key clinical specialty on high quality nursing service.Methods Using the Colaizzi 7-step analysis method to analyze the information,which through using the phenomenology research methods by making interviews with 14 clinicians,nurses and nursing administrators.Results The clinical medical staffs experienced the construction of key clinical specialist,to some extent,that would promote the development of nursing discipline,enhancing the environment and equipment in hospital,having improvement on the ability of nursing service and quality simultaneously,and then the cooperation between medical staffs and patients were more closely,while nurses bearing increased work pressure,with obviously job burnout.Conclusions The national key clinical specialist construction would effectively launching nursing quality care in depth and improving patient satisfaction with medical care,while the working pressure of nurses and the imperfection of post performance management restricted the development of nursing discipline.