Objective To construct the eukaryotic expression vector containing short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting the inhibition of Smad3 gene segment in keloid fibroblasts (KFBs) and to investigate the effects on the expression of Smad7 in KFBs. Methods A couple of the most effective siRNA screened from former experiments were used to recombine the plasmids of Smad3 shRNA, and then Smad3 shRNA was transfected into KFBs by LyoVec TM. The expressions of Smad3 and Smad7 at different time points (0～9 d) were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting. Results ① The recombinant Smad3 shRNA vectors were identified by RT-PCR and Western blotting. ② The expressions of mRNA and protein of Smad3 in KFBs decreased significantly in a time-dependent manner after transfection of Smad3 shRNA and reached the lowest point at 72 hours in the experimental group. Optical density analysis revealed a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group (P

Formative assessment is in conformity with the teaching concept of problem-based learning (PBL).It is to make a real-time,dynamic and sustainable observation and evaluation in the whole teaching process.It is helpful to improve learning and teaching continuously.The PBL clinical teaching courses of long-schooling program in our school obtained the certain effect.It used the formative evaluation mode.The homemade students mutual table and teacher evaluation table were used in PBL course.Specifically,students' self-evaluation and mutual-evaluation were made,and then teacher gave some comments in 10 minutes before the end of each class.Every student was scored by the group leader and teacher according to all these abilities,such as the power of expression,question ability,communication skills,coordination skills and the ability to access.At the end of one case study students wrote self assessment reports,and then the teacher wrote reviews,graded and gave feedback to students.However,the final scores were archived as data instead of being part of the course grade.The application of formative assessment has promoted the teaching effect of PBL.However,in the following practice,teachers should be targeted to solve the problems such as lack of teachiers,the students' self evaluation and mutual evaluation being not fair and highly recognized,and a few students having slack psychology.

Objective Depression is a mood disorder that causes a persistent feeling of sadness,with high morbidity rates and great social impairment.Increasingly studies show the abnormalities of brain networks.We summarized the results of resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging study of depression,and demonstrated the neural loops mechanism from neuroimaing perspective.Methods The key words depression, resting state and network were searched in PubMed,CNKI and Wan Fang databases from January 2000 to December 2014.The nodes of depression related network and the alterations of cortex resting-state networks were summarized.Results 24 studies focusing on resting state network of depression were identified.40 studies based on ROI (region of interest) analysis,which included amygdala,frontal lobe,pregenual anterior cingulate cortex and cerebellum.The functional connectivity of ROIs were calculated and compared between groups.8 studies based on ICA (independent component analysis),the resting state networks were extracted and compared between groups.Two based on graph theory,the functional connectivity of whole brain were analyzed and compared.Conclusion There are abnormalities of functional connectivity among limbic system-thalamus-frontal cortex,and the changes of functional connectivity were associated with clinical symptom and drug efficacy of depression.

Adolescent ; Bilirubin ; metabolism ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Duodenogastric Reflux ; metabolism ; Esophageal pH Monitoring ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Stomach ; physiopathology

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To observe the effect of ursodeoxycholic acid ( UDCA) on the treatment of infantile hepatitis syndrome ( HIS) and to investigate its mechanism.METHODS:The children with infantile hepatitis syndrome were divid-ed into conventional treatment group and the UDCA treatment group.Twenty healthy children were selected as normal con-trol.The children in conventional therapy group were given antiviral and hepatoprotective treatments.The children in UD-CA treatment group were given ursodeoxycholic acid (10 mg? kg-1? d-1 ) in addition to the conventional treatment group for 2 to 3 weeks.The levels of total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), glu-tamyltransferase ( GGT) , total bile acids ( TBA) and TNF-α, IL-6 were detected before admission and 2 weeks later.RE-SULTS:The levels of TNF-αand IL-6 were significantly higher in the children with IHS than those in the normal control (P<0.01).The levels of TBIL, DBIL, ALT, GGT, TBA, TNF-αand IL-6 in conventional treatment group were reduced after therapy (P<0.01).All the above index in UDCA treatment group were decreased compared with conventional treat-ment group (P<0.01).CONCLUSION:On the basis of conventional therapy, ursodeoxycholic acid effectively alleviates the systemic inflammatory response in the children with IHS, reduces the liver damages.

Parkinson's disease(PD)is a common neurodegenerative disease mainly affecting old persons.The pathogenesis of PD is still unclear, although it has been studied for many years.Recently, more and more evidences show that the dysfunction of autophagy plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of PD.Substantial progress in the genetic research of PD has showed that several pathogenic genes were identified correlated with autophagy, in particular, playing an important role in sporadic cases of PD.Here, we will discuss pathogenic genes-correlated dysfunctional autophagy-lysosomes system, so as to specify the pathogenesis of PD and provide a clue for its treatment.

The problems of Electromagnetic Compatibility(EMC) and Electromagnetic Interference(EMI) of medical electric devices are directly related to the medical treatment effect for wounded patients on the health-care train.EMC and EMI problems of medical electric devices in use are studied and analyzed.Suggestions on preventing EMI problems are given to guarantee the normal running of medical electric devices in health-care train.

Objective To explore the application value of right heart contrast echocardiography in patients with transient ischemic stroke (TIA) of unknow cause.Methods Totally 120 patients with TIA (TIA group) and 60 cases of normal healthy volunteers (normal group) were enrolled.Two groups underwent right heart contrast echocardiography to observe whether there was a foramen ovale arteriosus (PFO) or not.Diagnostic criteria were left ventricular internal appearing micro bubble≥5 that came from the right atrium to left atrium in three cardiac cycles.Results Small and medium amount of right to left shunt had no significant difference between TIA group and normal group (both P＞0.05),and large amount of right to left shunt had significant difference between the two groups (P＜0.01).Conclusion Contrast echocardiography can effectively diagnose of PFO,and amount of right to left shunt of PFO has relationship with the onset of TIA.

Objective:To explore the relationship between loneliness and attachment in college students and the mediating effect of rumination.Methods:Totally 545 students [239 males,306 females;average age (20 ± 3) years] were assessed with the Russell UCLA Loneliness Scale (UCLA),Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory (ECR,including attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety) and Nolen-Hoeksema Ruminative Response Scale (RRS).The structural equation model was used to research the mediating effect of rumination on relationship between loneliness and attachment.Results:The scores of UCLA,ECR and RRS were positively correlated each other (r =0.30,0.20,0.44,Ps ＜ 0.01) in college students.The inspection of the mediating effect found fit indices for hypothetical model were acceptable (x2 =16.69,df=5,NFI =0.98,IFI =0.99,TLI =0.96,CFI =0.99,AGFI =0.96,RMSEA =0.07).Path analysis revealed that attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety predicted directly loneliness (β =0.10,0.06) and rumination (β =0.05,0.16),and predicted loneliness by rumination (β =0.18).Conclusion:The rumination may be associated with loneliness and individual attachment and play a partial mediating effect between loneliness and attachment in college students.

Objective To investigate the effets of three mood stabilizers on ouabain?induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation in astrocytes. Methods As?trocytes were treated with different agents and divided into different groups accordingly,namely,the control group with saline,the group with oua?bain,the group with mood stabilizers(lithium carbonate,carbamazepine,sodium valproate)and the group with ouabain+mood stabilizers. The phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in each group was analyzed by Western blot. Results Compared with saline and mood stabilizer groups,the phosphoryla?tion of ERK1/2 was increased in the ouabain group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in ERK1/2 phosphoryla?tion between the group with ouabain+mood stabilizers and the control or mood stabilizer group. Conclusion The three kinds of mood stabilizers can inhibit ouabain?induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation in astrocytes.