Choroid neovascularization (CNV) is pathological proliferation of choroid vascular,accompanying with bleeding and leakage,is one of the major factors caused blindness,so CNV inhibitors have become a research hotspot.At present,researches on inhibitors of vascular endothelial growth factors and their receptors,endogenous angiogenesis factors,redox and inflammatory response related factors,etc,have achieved certain progresses.In addition,as drugs with multiple targets for treatment,many Chinese herbs also show inhibition effect on CNV.This article reviews the research advances in inhibitors for CNV.

[Objective]To compare the expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP) receptor in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(rBMSCs) and the induced osteoblasts.[Method]The rBMSCs were isolated using whole bone marrow adherence method,and classified into osteoblast-induced group and non-induced group.In the different periods of culturing(1,2,and 3 weeks),identification of osteoblasts was performed by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),and expression of the CGRP receptor was detected by Western Blot and RT-PCR.[Result]RT-PCR test demonstrated that osteoblast-induced group had a higher expression of CGRP receptor than non-induced group at the same time point,expression of CGRP receptor was increased in a time-dependent manner in the osteoblast-induced groups.Western Blot test demonstrated that osteoblast-induced group had a higher expression of CGRP receptor than non-induced group at the same time point.Expression of CGRP receptor was increased in a time-dependent manner in osteoblast-induced groups.[Conclusion]According to the mRNA test and protein test,it is suggested that CGRP receptor exists in the rBMSCs.CGRP receptor expression increased in the progress of osteogenic differentiation.

Objective To investigate the associations between levels of perioperative biochemical markers of the liver,kidney,lung and heart and death within 3 months postoperatively in the senile patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on the 153 senile patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture who had been treated at Nanfang Hospital from January 2010 to January 2012.They were 71 men and 82 women,with an average age of 83.1 years.There were 70 stable and 83 unstable fractures.At preoperation (within 24 h after admission),and 24 h,25 to 48 h and 72 h postoperation,all the patients had blood examinations of biochemical markers of the liver [alanine aminotransaminase (ALT)],kidney (creatinine and urea nitrogen),lung (PaO2) and heart [brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)].The levels of biochemical markers at all time points and clinical data were compared between the living patients and those who died within 3 months postoperatively.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to estimate the independent risk factors for mortality within 3 months postoperatively.Results Of the 153 patients,32 (20.9％) died within 3 months postoperatively,including 10 men and 22 women.In the dead and surviving patients,there were respectively 25 and 17 cases who were rated as level Ⅲ or Ⅳ by ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists).The levels of ALT,creatinine,urea nitrogen,and BNP increased to different extents while the level of PaO2 decreased postoperatively in both the dead and surviving patients.The differences between the dead and surviving patients were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed poor preoperative physical condition (ASA level Ⅲ or Ⅳ),increased creatinine level at 25 to 48 h postoperation,decreased PaO2 at 72 h postoperation,and increased BNP level at 24 h postoperation were independent risk factors for early mortality in senile patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture.Conclusions Femoral intertrochanteric fracture in senile patients may lead to changes in the liver,kidney,lung and heart.Prompt and dynamic monitoring of the levels of PaO2,creatinine and BNP may provide timely prediction of the poor prognosis.

Objective To observe the changes of plasma lipoprotein concentrations after an oral glucose tolerance test and research their relation to insulin resistance in Type 2 diabetic patients.Methods The age,duration of diabetes,sex,waist circumference,hip circumference,waist-hip ratio,height,body weight,body mass index ( BMI ),systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,fasting plasma glucose,HbAl C,fasting insulin,and fasting and 60-,120-,180-minute post-load plasma glucose,plasma insulin,triglycerides ( TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) and total cholesterol(TC) after a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test were measured in 26 Type 2 diabetic patients.Comparison of plasma fasting lipoprotein concentrations and postload lipoprotein concentrations was made,and the relation between fasting and post-load lipoprotein concentrations and Homa-IR was researched.Stepwise multiple regression analysis was applied to investigate the areas under the lipoproteins' curves over 180 minutes.Results The declination of post-load lipoprotein concentrations after the 75-g glucose tolerance test was statistically significant( all P ＜0.01 ).Plasma TG concentration both in fasting and post-load state was positively related to Homa-IR( all P ＜ 0.05 ),and plasma HDL-C concentration in fasting and post-load state was negatively related to Homa-IR( all P ＜ 0.05 ).However,the correlation between both fasting and post-load state LDL-C and TC concentration and Homa-IR had no statistical significance.Moreover,stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed Homa-IR was the independent factor capable of modulating the area of HDL-C curve over 180 minutes after the 75-g glucose tolernce test ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion There was a significant declination of plasma lipoproteins after a 75-g glucose tolerance test,and plasma fasting and post-load TG and HDL-C concentrations were related to insulin resistance.Insulin resistance should play a significant role in the post-load HDL-C concentration after 75-goral glucose tolerance test.

Medical molecular imaging not only promotes the development of medical imaging, but also pushes research progress of life science and benefits the amalgamation of multi-subjects in medical imaging. This editorial overviews the history and development trends of medical molecular imaging.
Humans ; Molecular Imaging ; trends

Acupressure ; Acupuncture, Ear ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Postmenopause ; Premenopause ; Syndrome

Objective To explore therapeutic effects and indications of stereotatic puncture and drainage under multi-parameter orientation in the treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage(HICH).Methods A total of 56 patients with HICH underwent stereotatic puncture and drainage from October 2003 to May 2005.The entrance position,the puncture plane,the puncture angle and depth,and the length of side hole of drainage tube were accurately designed before operation,and,if necessary,multiple drainage tubes were introduced via one hole.Results According to the Glasgow Outcome Scale(GOS) scores,12 patients recovered well(21.4%),29 patients were moderate disability(51.8%),and 12 patients were severe disability(21.4%).No longstanding coma was noted.Three patients died(5.4%). Conclusions Stereotatic puncture and drainage under multi-parameter orientation has better therapeutic effects and less damages than open operation.The procedure is suitable for 10~60 ml hematoma,especially in elderly patients and deep-located hematoma.The best operation timing is 3~6 hours after the onset of hemorrhage.

Objective To explore the clinical value of CT-guided selective radiofrequency thermocoagulation of the semilunar ganglion for the treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia(PTN).Methods A total of 24 patients with PTN were included.Under local anesthesia and CT guidance,the semilunar ganglion was punctured by way of the oval foramen via the anterior approach using the Hartel's technique.Selective radiofrequency thermocoagulation was performed after the targets were confirmed by electrical stimulation. Results The pain was completely relieved in 18 patients,partially relieved in 5 patients,and unchanged in 1 patient,the total effective rate being 95.8%(23/24).Follow-up observations for 3~18 months(mean,12 months) in the 24 patients showed recurrence in 2 patients(8.3%).Conclusions CT-guided selective radiofrequency thermocoagulation is a safe,simple,and effective option for the treatment of PTN,especially suitable for the elderly and high-risk patients.

Objective To evaluate the expressive levels of calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) in tissue-engineered bone with fascia flap in vivo. Method A segmental bone defect 1.5cm in length was made at the both radius of 12 healthy New Zealand rabbits. The defects were repaired by implantation in two ways: for left radius, engineered bone with fascia flap was implanted (served as experiment group), and for right radius only engineered bone was implanted (served as control group). 3, 6 and 12 months after implantation, the expressions of CGRP and NPY in the new bone were determined with immunohistochemistry and semi-quantified using image analysis software. Results CGRP and NPY expressions in the both groups were significantly increased in a time-dependent manner (P

Objective To investigate the effect of a kind of tissue engineered bone implants on healing of segmental bone defects. Methods A 15 mm bone defect experimental model at the right radius of New Zealand white rabbit was made. 24 animals of this model were divided into three groups at random. PLGA scaffords loaded with 5 mg BMP and about 1?106 BMSCs were implanted in Group 1(n=10); PLGA scaffords loaded with 2.5 mg BMP and about 1?106 BMSCs were implanted in Group 2(n=7); PLGA scaffords loaded with 1 mg BMP and about 1?106 BMSCs were implanted in Group 3(n=7). The osteogenesis at the defect area was observed by regular roentgenography and X-ray analysis, histological changes at the bone defects at 4th, 8th, 12th weeks after operation were studied and the new bone formation was measured by image analysis. Biomechanical analysis was done 12 weeks after operation. Results A large quantity of callus was found in all the 3 groups 4 weeks after repair. At the 12th week, the complete bone healing rate was 7/8, 3/5, 3/5, respectively in Group 1, 2 and 3. Group 1 had the largest quantity of new bone measured by histopathological study and X-ray analysis, and at the 12th week, the medullary cavity in this group became united. The compress stiffness, torsion stiffness and the maximal load in Group 1 were better than those in other groups. Conclusion The tissue engineered bone contructed by PLGA scaffords that are loaded with 5 mg BMP and BMSCs is capable of repairing segmental bone defects.