AIM: To investigate the preoperative binocular visual function of intermittent exotropia and the rebuilding and recovery of the postoperative binocular visual function, and analyze the effect of binocular visual function on orthophoria after surgery.
METHODS:From January 2011 to January 2014, 47 basic intermittent exotropia patients caming for treatment were collected in the clinical data. The changes in their near stereopsis, binocular visual function, binocular fusion and distance stereopsis after operations were recorded in the form of data. The preoperative binocular vision and the postoperative rebuilding were analyzed and contrasted with each other. In addition, the effect on the postoperative maintaining of orthophoria due to the existence, recovery and rebuilding of binocular visual function were observed.
RESULTS:Intermittent exotropia patients got damage in different levels on their binocular visual functions, especially on distance stereopsis, which was the heaviest and earliest. After the operation, all functions were obviously recovered and reconstructed and the improvements were statistically significant compared against those before the operation (P<0. 01). Patients having binocular visual function or part of it before the operation had a higher ratio of orthophoria compared against the patients who had lost binocular visual function before the operation and the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 01). The recovery and reconstruction of the postoperative binocular visual function played an important role in maintaining the orthophoria.
CONCLUSION: The intermittent exotropia cause damage to the stereopsis which happened the earliest. Obvious recovery and reconstruction of binocular visual function can be observed after the surgery. A relatively good preoperative binocular visual function may lead to the increase in the ratio of orthophoria or cure the intermittent exotropia. Performing an operation when distance stereopsis is damaged can increase the success rate for the surgery and reduce the recurrence rate.

Objective To systematically review findings on the effectiveness and safety of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for treating Parkinson's disease. Methods Foreign and Chinese databases were searched to find relevant trials. The searches were supplemented by searching the reference lists of the published trials. The studies were separated into two groups: those applying TMS at frequencies higher than 1 Hz, and those at 1 Hz or lower. Meta-analysis was performed with the aid of RevMan 5.0 software. Results Both low-frequency and highfrequency TMS can significantly reduce total scores on the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) compared with sham stimulations. High-frequency TMS can significantly reduce UPDRS motor scores compared with sham stimulations. On the other hand, low-frequency TMS studies showed no significant overall improvement in motor scores, mental scores or in the activities of daily living (ADL) UPDRS scores. Low-frequency and high-frequency TMS studies also showed no significant overall improvement in Schwab and England ADL scores. Conclusions TMS therapy is safe and partially effective for treating Parkinson's disease.

Objective To further identify the isolated Mycoplasma genitalium (Mg) from the high risk population of STD in China. Mothods The morphology of Mg standard strains and clinical isolates were observed under electron microscopy (EM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Mg sample preparation for AFM was fixed on mica and AFM images of scanning observation were captured by contacting and tapping modes and operated under normal atmospheric pressure and temperature. Results and Conclusion Mg had a diversity of shapes, including flask, pear, spindle or round shape with projecting neck portion and slightly broadened terminal structure under EM. The morphologic features under AFM were similar to those observed by EM. The typical Mg showed shapes of flask and pear with noticeable narrow ring or mark in the neck portion. The size of Mg measured under EM and AFM was similar as well. Mycoplasma

Objective To find the key proteins associated with metastasis of ovarian cancer, and find potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets of this malignancy. Methods A comparative proteomic strategy, in a combination of two-dimensional electrophoresis separation and mass spectrometry identification, was adopted to search for proteome alternations in an ovarian cancer mother cell line HO-8910 and its highly metastatic cell subline HO-8910PM. Results Twenty-one significantly different spots (two-fold increase or decrease) were detected between the two cell lines, of which 17 candidate proteins were successfully identified and characterized. Compared with those in HO-8910 mother cell line, 16 proteins were significantly up-regulated, while 5 proteins down-regulated in the highly metastatic cell subline HO-8910PM. The seventeen identified proteins could be functionally classified into 7 groups as following: zinc finger protein, calcium-binding protein, DNA repair and synthesis protein, cell regulatory protein, metabolism-related protein, cell surface antigen, cell signals and transducing protein. Conclusions The results suggest that an obviously differential proteomic expression exists between the human ovarian cancer mother cell line HO-8910 and highly metastatic cell subline HO-8910PM. It provides a clue for further identification of metastasis-related proteins, novel diagnostic markers as well as therapeutic targets of this malignancy.

Objective To explore the influences of different inductive methods on cartilage repair by tissue engineered cartilage with the seed cell of mesenchymal stem cells.Methods Rabbit mesenchymal stem cells were divided into dexamethasone-inducing group and TGF-?_1-dexamethasone co-inducing group.The cartilage defects were repaired by autologous tissue engineered cartilage constructs.The defects of control group were filled with scaffold without cells.Specimens were harvested 6 and 12 weeks postoperatively and assessed by histological grading and in situ detection of apoptosis.Results The repair tissue formed perpendicular column structure resembling that of normal cartilage in TGF-?_1-dexamethasone co-inducing group.The histological score 12 weeks postoperatively was higher in co-inducing group(20.26?1.35) than those in dexamethasone-inducing group(14.52?1.46) and control group(4.12?1.13).But the formation of tidemark was not observed in the repair tissue.Cells of repair cartilage at the bone-cartilage interface showed apoptosis.The ratios of apoptosis in dexamethasone-inducing group were(21.4?4.5) six weeks postoperatively and(7.3?2.2) twelve weeks postoperatively.The ratios of apoptosis in TGF-?_1-dexamethasone co-inducing group were(19.8?4.7) six weeks postoperatively and(6.9?2.0) twelve weeks postoperatively.The ratios of apoptosis at 6 th week were higher than those at 12 th week postoperatively with statistical significance(P

OBJECTIVE: To establish methods for screening of macromolecules in traditional Chinese medicine injections by molecular exclusion chromatography (SEC). METHODS: The separation was carried out by SEC with Phenomenon BioSep-SEC-s2000 (7.8 mm×300 mm, 8 μm) column. The mobile phase was 0.05 mol·L-1 Na2SO4, and differential detector was used when dextran was used as the reference standard. When proteins were used as reference standards, the mobile phase was the mixture of 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid and acetonitrile (70-30), and UV detector was selected. RESULTS: With the differential detector, the molecular weight range of dextran was 7100-133800, and the limit of detection was 0.0979 μg; with the UV detector, the molecular weight range of the proteins was 1638-13700, and the limit of detection was 0.00358 μg. No macromolecules were detected in the selected traditional Chinese medicine injections. CONCLUSION: The proposed method can be used for the screening of macromolecules in traditional Chinese medicine injections.

llary-like mural nodules of PTC showed less enhancement on post-contrast CT and cervical lymph node metastases were more frequently seen in PTC.

Objective To study the visfatin level changes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and to study the correlation of visfatin level and atherosclerosis in RA.Methods Fifty cases of patients were divided to the plaque group (33 cases) and plaque-free group (17 cases) according to the carotid intima media thickness checked by carotid ultrasonography.In addition, their blood lipid level, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), rheumatoid factors (RFs), anti-CCP, visfatin etc.were measured.Fifty healthy people were set as the control group.The correlation between the visfatin level of RA patients and atherosclerosis was analyzed.The statistical analysis was carried out with independent t-test,analysis of variance, Spearman correlation analysis and multiple stepwise regression.Results The serum visfatin level of RA plaques group was obviously higher than that of the plaque-free group [(47±22) μg/L vs (34±19) μg/L, t=4.361, P＜0.01].The serum visfatin level of RA patients was positively correlated to HOMA-IR (r=0.567, P=0.001), RF (r=0.502, P=0.003), anti-cyclic peptide containing citrulline, (anti-CCP) (r=0.420, P=0.038) and carotid artery IMT (r=0.596, P=0.001).High-density lipoprotein-C (OR=1.009, P=0.020), HOMA-IR (OR=1.450, P=0.006), anti-CCP (OR=1.005, P=0.014) and visfatin (OR=0.971, P=0.008) were independent relevant factors affecting carotid artery IMT.Conclusion The serum visfatin level of RA patients is closely related to atherosclerosis.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction( MBSR) on anxiety and depression in spouses of breast cancer patients and to analyze the mediating effect of caregiver burden for the training effects. Methods Randomized control trial was used in this research.100 spouses of breast cancer patients were recruited and they were randomized into experimental group or control group. 91 of them completed the study finally (45 in experimental group and 46 in control group). Participants in con-trol group received no intervention,while participants in experimental group received MBSR once a week for 8 weeks. All participants were assessed with the Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview ( ZBI,measuring caregiver burden) ,Beck Depression Inventory( BDI,measuring depression level) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale( HAMA, measuring anxiety level) before and after intervention. Results After 8-week intervention,participants in experimental group got significantly lower total scores of ZBI,BDI and HAMA compared with pretest ((22.31 ±5.76) vs (25.98±6.00),(8.47±3.21) vs (11.87±3.51),(14.98±4.75) vs (17.93±4.65), P<0. 01), while there were no significant differences between posttest and pretest on any score in control group (P>0.05).Caregiver burden played mediating effect in MBSR for improving depression,and mediating effect was 56.6% of the total effect. Conclusion MBSR can effectively improve anxiety and depression with the spou-ses of breast cancer patients,and the caregiver burden is the intermediary variable in the effect of MBSR for improving depression.

BackgroundThe favorable effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on the reconstruction of injured corneas have been reported,but the mechanism remains unclear.ObjectiveThis study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic effect after transplantation of BMSCs in chemically burned corneas.Methods BMSCs were isolated and extracted from the bone marrow.The cells were cultured and passaged and then were seeded on the amniotic membrane.Corneal alkali injury models were created in 18 clean SD rats by sticking the filter paper containing 1 mol/L NaOH at the central cornea for 40 seconds.The rats were then randomized into 3 groups.Amniotic membrane with BMSCs or amniotic membrane without BMSCs were transplanted in 1 week after the establishment of models,and the rats without transplantation were used as the control group.The severity of corneal lesion was graded,and angiogenesis area was measured 2 weeks after the transplantation.The expression of interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ),interferon-γ(IFN-γ),IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β ( TGF-β ) were examined by ELISA,and the mRNA of the matrix metalloproteinase-2 ( MMP-2 ),vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),epidermal growth factor(EGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) were analyzed by real-time PCR.ResultsThe positive rates of the cells were 99.78％ and 99.79％ for CD90 and CD29,7.90％,1.16％ and 1.28％ for CD34,CD45 and CDllba.The cells grew well on the amniotic membrane.The corneal inflammatory score and neovascularization area were similar among the three groups ( F =0.021,P-- 0.979 ; F =0.076,P =0.927 ).However,the corneal inflammatory score was significantly reduced and neovascularization area was significantly less in the amniotic membrane group compared with the BMSCs group and control group(P=0.011,0.001 ;P=0.005,0.000).The levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ secreted by Th1 cells were decreased (P =0.000,0.002;P =0.003,0.045 ) and the levels of IL-10 and TGF-β secreted by Th2 cells were increased in the BMSCs group compared with the amniotic membrane and control group ( P =0.000,0.000 ; P =0.000,0.021 ).No significant difference was found in VEGF expression among three groups( F=4.880,P =0.056).But the mRNA of the MMP-2 and bFGF were lower in the BMSCs group than the amniotic membrane group(P=0.009,0.003 ) and control group(P＜0.01 ).Conclusions BMSCs modulate the expression of inflammatory-related and angiogenic-related cytokines and therefore play the antiinflammatory and anti-angiogenic effects in the chemically burned cornea.