Objective To analyze the impacts of early enteral nutrition (EN) and parenteral nutrition (PN) on the prognosis of acute pancreatitis.Method By searching relevant literature between January 1996 and August 2013 in Chinese and English databases including Wanfang,VIP,CNKI,PubMed,the Cochrane Library,CBM,and EMABSE,we compared the prognosis of acute pancreatitis after EN or PN in terms of casefatality rate,infections,multiple organ failure,and other complications.Result Compared with PN,early EN significantly reduced the case-fatality rate [OR =0.37,95％ CI (0.23,0.58),P ＜ 0.000 1],decreased the infection rate [OR =0.24,95％ CI (0.15,0.39),P ＜0.000 01],shortened hospital stay [MD =-9.87,95％ CI (-10.84,-8.89),P ＜ 0.000 01],and reduced complications [OR =0.26,95％ CI (0.12,0.58),P =0.001 0] in patients with acute pancreatitis,although the incident of multi-organ failure showed no significant difference [OR =0.35,95％ CI (0.10,1.19),P =0.09].Conclusions For patients with acute pancreatitis,early EN is superior than PN in terms of case-fatality rate,infection rate,hospital stay,and complications.Therefore,it should be applied in such patients whenever condition allows.

Twenty-seven patients with subclinical hyperthyroidism(SH)complicated by paroxysmal atrial fibrillation(PAF)were treated with methimazole plus bisoprolol.All patients were examined by Doppler echocardiogram and 24 h ambulatory electrocardiograms before and 3 months after treatment.Serum FT3,FT4,and TSH levels were measured with RIA.The results showed that low-dose methimazole therapy could improve the left ventricular diastolic function(P < 0.01)and help maintain sinus rhythm.The incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism was low.Low-dose methimazole was effective and safe in patients with SH complicated by PAF.

Aim To investigate the expression of mGluR1 in hippocampus of spontaneously epileptic rats(SER) by control study.Methods Total RNA was extracted from hippocampus of SER and Wistar rats,and mGluR1 mRNA expression was detected by RT-PCR;the expression of mGluR1 protein was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Results mGluR1 mRNA of SER was lower than that of Wistar rats in hippocampus(P0.05) were found.In positive cells,mGluR1 proteins were enhanced.By Western blot,total mGluR1 protein was down-regulated in SER hippocampus(P

Objective To analyze the treatment and prognosis of patients with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia with urinary system and adrenal glands metastasis.Methods The treatment and prognoses of 32 patients with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia with urinary system and adrenal glands metastasis from Dec.1990 to Dec.2010 at Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were respectively reviewed.Results Treatment methods:all 32 patients received 9 courses(in average) of a multi-drug chemotherapy in our hospital (range 1-24 coures).Among them,3 patients with bladder metastasis received intravesical chemotherapy of fluorouracil.9 patients received surgical treatments in other hospital and 15 patients received surgical treatments while undergoing chemotherapy in our hospital.Treatment results:after the treatments,of the 32 patients,21 (66％) patients achieved complete remission,3(9％) exhibited partial remission and 8 (25％) progressed.Seven patients with renal metastasis achieved complete remission.Two patients with adrenal glands metastasis achieved complete remission.Nine patients with urinary bladder metastasis achieved complete remission.Seven patients with ureters metastasis achieved complete remission.Two (10％) of 21 patients with complete remission relapsed.Conclusions Multidrug and muhiroute chemotherapy is the main strategy for patients with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia with urinary system and adrenal glands metastasis.The prognoses of patients with renal or adrenal glands metastasis are much worse than those in patients with bladder and ureters metastasis because of concomitant multiogran metastasis.Adequate attention should be given to patients with renal or adrenal glands metastasis.Individual treatment,assisted by surgery when necessary,may be carried out for these patients to achieve a better outcome.

As an important synthetic antibacterial drug, sulfonamides play an important role in the anti-infection field. Based on the research and development status of sulfonamides, this paper broke the classical structure of sulfanilamide, and designed and synthesized a series of acetyl-contained sulfanilamide tertiary amine thiol azole compounds and sulfanilamide tertiary amine amino azole compounds. The structures were confirmed by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and HRMS. The antimicrobial activity of synthesized compounds in vitro was tested. The antimicrobial activity of amino triazole compound 7a gave stronger activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa than that of positive control drug norfloxacin, and its inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus was close to that of norfloxacin. The interaction between compound 7a and calf thymus DNA was studied, and the docking experiment between this compound and DNA was also researched.

Objective:To investigate the expression levels of PPARα/γin RAW264. 7 cells in the early stages of co-cultivation with Echinococcus granulosus in vitro. Methods:RAW264. 7 cells were co-cultured with E. granulosus and collected at 12,24,36,48, 72 h. The mRNA levels of PPAR-γ,PPAR-α,M1 macrophages-associated cytokines including TNF-α,MCP-1 and IL-1β,and M2 mac-rophages-associated cytokines including Arg-1,TGF-β and Fizz-1 were detected by qRT-PCR. The protein levels of Arg-1 and MR were analyzed by ELISA. Results:The expression levels of PPAR-γ, PPAR-αand the M2 macrophages-associated cytokines including Arg-1,TGF-β,Fizz-1 and MR were significantly increased,especially at 72 h (P<0. 05). M1 macrophages-associated cytokines including TNF-α,MCP-1 and IL-1β were decreased at 72h although increased at first. Conclusion:During the early stages of co-cultivation with Echinococcus granulosus in vitro, the levels of PPAR-γ/α are up-regulated in RAW264. 7 cells, which may drive macrophage polarization and play a role in the immune escape.

Objective To investigate the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in the diagnosis of tuberculous mesenteric lymphadenitis by analyzing its enhancement pattern. Methods The conventional ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound images of 62 patients with tuberculous mesenteric lymphadenitis confirmed by needle core biopsy or surgery were retrospectively analyzed. The location, size, shape, internal echo and posterior enhancement of mesenteric lymph nodes were recorded. All cases were divided into two groups:the maximum diameter of the lymph node≤20 mm and the maximum diameter of the lymph node >20 mm, and the patterns of enhancement in two groups were analyzed. Results The conventional ultrasound of 62 cases with tuberculous mesenteric lymph nodes showed enlargement. And the echogenicity was hypoechoic or heterogeneity, containing punctate or clusters of calcification in 19 cases (30.6%). After CEUS, there were three forms of enhancements:rim enhancement in 29 cases (46.8%);inhomogeneous enhancement in 21cases (33.9%);non-enhancement in 12 cases (19.3%). Rim enhancement was more common in the≤20 mm group, while inhomogeneous enhancement was more common in the lymph nodes>20 mm. There was statistically significant difference of the enhancement type between the≤20 mm group and the>20 mm group (χ2=6.782, P=0.034). Conclusions Most of tuberculous mesenteric lymph nodes showed rim and inhomogeneous enhancement in CEUS, and the sizes of mesenteric lymph node tuberculosis influenced the CEUS enhancement patterns. CEUS may provide useful information for the diagnosis of the tuberculous mesenteric lymph node.

AIM: To study the effects of 7 weeks prolonged haevy load swimming and Panaxadiol Saponins (PDS) on the expression of ?-actin in quadriceps muscle of thigh in rats. METHODS: After 7 weeks prolonged heavy load swimming training, the expression of ?-actin in quadriceps muscle of thigh was quantitatively examined by Northern blotting analysis in the condition with or without PDS treatment. RESULTS: The expression of ?-actin in rat quadriceps muscle of thigh in exercise+PDS group was significantly higher than that in sedentray control group and exercise+saline group at 24 th hour after intensive training. No statistical difference between exercise+androsan group and exercise+saline group was observed.CONCLUSION: PDS enhanced ?-actin expression in quadriceps muscle of thigh in rats.

Objective To investigate the clinical features and pathogenic genes of a familial hypokalemic periodic paralysis ( HOKPP).Methods PCR amplification and DNA sequencing were used to screen candidate genes of the HOKPP family members (CACNA1S, SCN4A, KCNE3), and the clinical features were carefully analyzed at the same time.Results The sequencing analyses of the SCN4A gene in the proband identified three nucleotide sequence mutations, which influenced the amino acid sequence of the skeletal sodium channel.One of the mutations was identified as a C/T heterozygous pattern at the 2111th nucleotide position in exon 13, resulting in a change from Thr to Met at the 704th amino acid position of the sodium channel protein.All affected patients carried the Thr704Met mutation, whereas unaffected family members did not.Clinical symptoms in this family followed an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern.Muscles weakness, pain and hypokalemia in the period between attacks were seen in all patients.Paralytic symptoms occurred early, lasted longer and recurred frequently, while cold was the main predisposing factor.With the progress of the disease, patients represented persistent weakness and atrophy in proximal muscles.Conclusions Mutation (Thr704Met) in the SCN4A gene should be responsible for this family.This mutation causes severe HOKPP and progressive muscle atrophy.

Objective To investigate the effects of TLR7 on imiquimod induced apoptosis of THP-1 derived macrophages.Methods Three cell lines ( THP-1 derived macrophages, MDCK cell line and HUVEC cell line) with different capabilities of expressing TLR7 were selected.The survival rates of cells af-ter the treatment with different concentrations of imiquimod were detected by MTT assay.The levels of IL-6 in the supernatants of TLR7 inhibitor chloroquine or TLR7-siRNA treated cells were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The apoptosis of cells was detected by flow cytometry after inhibiting the ex-pression of TLR7.Results Imiquimod induced the apoptosis of THP-1 derived macrophages, MDCK cell lines and HUVEC cell lines.The levels of IL-6 were significantly decreased as the expression of TLR7 was inhibited by treating THP-1 derived macrophages with chloroquine or TLR7-siRNA.Treating THP-1 derived macrophages with chloroquine or TLR7-siRNA did not affect the cell apoptosis induced by imiquimod.Con-clusion Imiquimod could induce the apoptosis of THP-1 derived macrophages through TLR7 independent pathway.