Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of plasma exchange (PE) combined with plasma perfusion (PP) in treatment of liver failure and the influence on inflammatory factors and liver function.Methods:98 patients with liver failure in our hospital from February 2014 to February 2016 were selected as the subjectswere,and they were randomly divided into experimental group and control group,and each group was 49 cases.The experimental group was treated with PE combined with PP,and the control group was received PE alone.The liver function before and after treatment was detected by automatic biochemical analyzer.The serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP),tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The total effective rate,the incidence of side effects,the levels of liver function and inflammatory factors before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.Results:The clinical effective rate in the experimental group (91.84％) was significantly higher than that in the control group (73.47％),the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in the experimental group (10.20％) was significantly lower than that in the control group (38.78％),the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT),total bilirubin (TBIL) and blood ammonia (NH3) were significantly decreased in both groups after treatment (all P＜0.05).Albumin (ALB) and thrombin activity (PTA) were significantly increased in both groups after treatment (both P＜0.05).After treatment,the serum levels of ALT,TBIL and NH3 in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group (all P＜0.05),the levels of ALB and PTA were higher than those of the control group,the difference was statistically significant (both P＜0.05).After treatment,the serum levels ofCRP,TNF-α and IL-6 were lower than those before treatment,and the serum levels of CRP,TNF-α and IL-6 in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group (all P＜0.05).Conclusion:The combination of plasma exchange and plasma perfusion has a good effect in the treatment of liver failure,and the incidence of adverse reactions is low.It can effectively remove inflammatory factors,improve liver function and improve the quality of life of patients.

Objective To understand the body burden of PAES in the children aged 10-12 years,living in city and countryside and estimate the potential hazard of PAEs for the children. Methods The reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) was employed to determine the serum level of three kinds PAEs (DEP,DBP and DEHP) in two groups of children,including 36 city children and 38 countryside children in Jan. 2007. Results In the city children,the average serum level (median) of PAEs was 0.002 6 mg/L for DEP,0.035 9 mg/L for DBP and 0.106 25 mg/L for DEHP. In the countryside children,the serum level of PAEs was 0.000 0 mg/L for DEP,0.040 6 mg/L for DBP and 0.052 45 mg/L for DEHP. The differences of average levels of DEP and DEHP between the two groups were significant (P

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the status quo of pharmaceutical administration in primary hospitals.METHODS: According to the requirements of 2009 "Medical quality promotional campaign around China" held by Ministry of Public Health,pharmaceutical care of 7 hospitals in Pengzhou city were evaluated and scored in accordant with the detailed rules.The scoring percentages were calculated and pharmaceutical care of 7 hospitals were analyzed.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: The scoring percentages of 2 hospitals were more than 80%;those of 3 hospitals were between 60% and 80%;those of 2 hospitals were lower than 60%.No hospital had obtained score in the field of clinical pharmacy.In primary hospital several aspects should be strengthened,such as pharmaceutical professional staff,system construction,rational use of drugs and clinical pharmaceutical care.

The stability and accuracy of dosage monitoring system are crucial to guarantee the dosage output veracity and its curative effect,so it is essential to repeatedly inspect dosage monitoring system.But for the present inspection process,some practical problems exist such as comparative complex inspection operation,complicated and time-wasting data analysis and process,etc.This study not only makes some progress on the methods for index inspection and data analysis & process,but also designs a data analysis & process software based on delphi7.0,which makes the whole inspection process simpler and saves much time.

Accumulating studies have proved that systemic inflammation is one of the important pathophysiologic mechanisms of heart failure. This article focuses on the sources of inflammation mediators and the causes of inflammation activation in heart failure including hemodynamic changes and oxidative stress, Toll-like receptors, microbial antigens and microorganisms, endotoxin hypothesis and neurohormonal activation. Furthermore, the effects of inflammation mediators such as cytokines and chemokines on heart failure are introduced. All lead to the conclusion that heart failure is a process with complex inflammation.

[Objective]To study the clinical features and expressions of IL-17A,IFN-γ,and IL-10 in serum and intestinal mucosa of patients with post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome and non post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome.[Methods]44 diar?rhea-predominate IBS patients(21 with PI-IBS,23 with NPI-IBS)and 10 healthy controls were recruited in this study. Investigation questionnaires of GSRS,SAS,SDS were carried out to evaluate the gastrointestinal function,anxiety status and depression status of IBS patients. The expressions of IL-17A,IFN-γ,and IL-10 in intestinal mucosa and serum were measured by immunohistochemis?try(IHC)and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).[Results]The SDS scores of NPI-IBS patients were higher than those of controls(P<0.05),and the SAS and SDS scores of PI-IBS patients were higher than those of controls(P<0.05). The GSRS, SAS and SDS scores of PI-IBS group were higher than those of NPI-IBS group(P<0.05). Compared with healthy controls,PI-IBS and NPI-IBS group showed significant rise of IL-17A,IFN-γlevels and decrease of IL-10 level in intestinal mucosa(P<0.05);In serum,the IL-17A levels were up-regulated and the IL-10 levels were decreased in PI-IBS group but not in NPI-IBS group when compared with controls(P<0.05). In intestinal mucosa and serum,IL-17A and IFN-γlevels in PI-IBS group were slightly higher than those in NPI-IBS group(P > 0.05).[Conclusion]PI-IBS and NPI-IBS patients existed various anxiety and depression. The levels of IL-17A and IFN-γ increased and level of IL-10 decreased in PI-IBS and NPI-IBS group. But the clinical symptoms and changes of cytokines of PI-IBS patients were more significant. There may exist other pathogenesis in PI-IBS but not in NPI-IBS.

OBJECTIVE:To study the change in grain size and in vitro dissolution ratio of Atractylodes macrocephala after ultramicronization. METHODS: The particle size before and after ultramicronization was analyzed using particle size analyzer. The content of the sample was determined by HPLC using atractylenolide Ⅲ and atractylenolide Ⅰ as indexes to reflect the dissolution ratio. RESULTS: After ultramicronization, the particle size of the sample became thinner obviously, about 30% that of the common fine powder, and the content increased by 27% as compared with the common fine powder. CONCLUSION: The ultramicronization can significantly decrease the particle size, increase specific surface area and contribute to the dissolution of atractylenolide Ⅲ and atractylenolide I from Atractylodes macrocephala.

Aim To investigate the relationship between GABAA receptor or NMDA receptor and the amnestic effect induced by etomidate.Methods Amnestic model was established by intraperitoneal injection of etomidate(3 mg?kg-1) in mice before intracerebroventricular injection of different doses of bicuculline or NMDA,then the error times,step down latency and step through latency were observed and recorded in the step down test and step through test.Results Bicuculline(2,4 ?g) instead of NMDA by intracerebroventricular injection could decrease the error times and increase the step down latency and step through latency of amnestic mice in the step down test and step through test.Conclusion GABAA receptor rather than NMDA receptor may be an important target for the amnestic effect induced by etomidate.

Aim To investigate the relationship between amnestic effect of enflurane or isoflurane and NMDA receptor.Methods Amnestic model was established by intraperitoneal injection of enflurane(0.4 ml?kg-1)or isoflurane(0.3 ml?kg-1)respectively in mice before intracerebroventricular injection of different doses of NMDA(25,50,75 ng),then the error times,step down latency and step through latency were observed in the step down test and step through test.Results NMDA(50,75 ng)by intracerebroventricular injection could decrease the error times,and increase the step down latency and step through latency of amnestic mice induced by enflurane or isoflurane in the step down test and step through test.Conclusions NMDA by intracerebroventricular injection can improve amnestic effect of enflurane or isoflurane partially.NMDA receptor may be an important target for amnestic effect of enflurane or isoflurane.

Objective To observe the abnormity of heart function in rats with pressure overload-induced left ventricular hypertrophy and the changes of NCX,SERCA2a expression in myocardial tissues. Methods Cardiac hypertrophy was induced by clipping the abdominal aorta in rats. The cardiac hypertrophy was evaluated by Left ventricular weight index(LVWI,left ventricular weight/body weight). NCX, SERCA2a mRNA and protein expressions in left ventricular tissues were determined by half-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot normalized to abundance of GAPDH mRNA and protein,respectively. Results LVSP and LVEDP were obviously enhanced(P