Nursing care was given to 48 HBV-related liver failure cases with abdominal distension through the application of Qi-Tou-Xiao-Gu therapy. It was showed that key points in nursing care should contain aspects of
correct selection of cases, detailed explanation, observation during application, maintain the moisture of Qi-Tou-Xiao-Gu stick, emotional regulation, and cross infection prevention. Good nursing care can improve patients' com-fort degree and satisfaction to the treatment. It can also effectively relieve abdominal distention and reduce ad-verse reactions.

Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) is one of the best characterized angiogenic regulators which has many effects in promoting endotheliocyte proliferation and differentiation,increasing the microvascular permeability,inducing the angiogenesis,triggering the growth,survival and migration of tumor cells by combining its specificity receptor (VEGFR).Dysregulation of VEGF expression and signaling pathways therefore plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and clinical features of hematologic malignancies,direct and indirect targeting of VEGF and its receptors therefore may provide a potent novel therapeutic approach to overcome bone marrow angiogenesis and multidrug resis-tance thereby improve patient outcome.Recent years,a novel VEGF blockade system using RNA interference attracts more and more people's attention.The small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting VEGF/VEGFR can completely inhibits the expression of VEGF and induce the silence of corresponding genes.

Objective To study the value of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in interventional treatment of congenital heart diseases. Methods TTE was used to identify patients with atrial septal defect (ASD, n=26), ventricular septal defect (VSD, n=23) or ductus arteriosus (PDA, n=16). They received interventional treatment with domestic made nitinol occluder. The TTE was then used to monitor the entire process of the surgery and to assess the effect of the surgery. Results The treatment with indigenous nitinol occluder failed in five patients, including two with ASD, two with VSD, and one with PDA. The other sixty-one patients were freated successfully with the occluder. Once the procedure was completed, those patients were found to have neither abnormal valvular regurgination as shown by TTE, nor any shunt flow around the occluder as shown by both TTE and angiocardiography. One month later, TTE demonstrated that the position of all the occluclers remained stable, and no residual leakage or shunt was detected by TTE in all of the sixty-one patients, and the same results were obtained after three months. However, two days after the surgery, ECG showed that three of the patients with VSD suffered from different degrees of atrioventricular block on the second postoperative day, but they eventually recovered after treatment. The successful rate of the procedure was 93.8% (61/65). Conclusions Transthoracic echocardiography may play an important role at three stages (pre-, during- and after), i.e. to select the most suitable patients before the procedure, accurately identify the location, and release of the occluder at the end of the operation; and finally, it serves as a promising method to evaluate the treatment result in patients during their follow-up period.

The effect of extraction and nonextraction treatment on the soft tissue profile of the subjects borderline Angle classⅡ division 1 malocclusion is concerned mainly by orthodontists.This article reviewes the effect of extraction and nonextraction treatment on the soft tissue profile of the subjects with Angle classⅡ division 1 borderline patients and the important factors(such as differences between the types of tooth extraction and growth).The aim is to guide clinic diagnosis and treatment for borderline Angle classⅡ division 1 malocclusion.

Objective To explore the ultrasonographic characteristics in craniocerebral gunshot injured areas and the value of ultrasound technology for judging the activity of wound tissues. Methods After establishment of the model of penetrated craniocerebral gunshot wound, the ultrasonographic characteristics of the tissues in the injured areas were observed by conventional ultrasound and contrastenhanced ultrasonography(CEUS) ,and compared with the pathological changes of the wound area. Results ①A straight-looking, irregular-edged, easily distinguishable pipe-shaped high-level echo can be seen by conventional ultrasound in craniocerebral gunshot injured areas. ②The pipe-shaped strong echo usually shows non-enhancement by the CEUS,or shows homogeneous hypo-enhancement in some areas. ③Tissues around the pipe-shaped echo usually appears that the homogeneous hypo-enhancing area and non-enhancing area exist together. ④Around the above-mentioned the hypo-enhancing area and non-enhancing area, a hyper-enhancing area can be seen, and appears to be a typical ring-shaped high-level echo in short-axis section of the pipe-shaped echo. ConclusionsConventional ultrasound can easily shows the distribution of craniocerebral gunshot injured areas characterized by pipe-shaped high-level echo, and CEUS can precisely demonstrate necrotic tissues in the gunshot injured areas,distinguish them from the degenerative tissues and normal tissues. The application of ultrasound technology will greatly improve the therapeutic and treatmental level of the craniocerebral gunshot wound.

Background The different incisions in phacoemulsification,including the length,location and shape etc.,can cause surgery-induced astigmatism ( SIA ).But the SIA caused by 2.2 mm,3.0 mm corneal limbal incision after phacoemulsification,especially the change of posterior corneal surface astigmatism is still rarely reported. Objective This study was to investigate the anterior,posterior and total corneal SIA and compare their differences between phacoemulsification and foldable intraocular lens (IOL) implantation with 2.2 mm and 3.0 mm corneal limbal incisions. Methods Seventy-one eyes of 47 cases were randomly divided into two groups with matched age,visual acuity and astigmatism degree.Phacoemulsification and IOL implantation with 2.2 mm incision at the steepest corneal meridian was performed on the patients of 2.2 mm incision group,and the same surgery was adopted with 3.0 mm incision as 3.0 mm incision group.Corneal curvature radius and central corneal thickness were measured by Pentacam at 1 day before surgery and 1 week,1 month and 3 months after surgery respectively.The anterior and posterior corneal surface SIAs were calculated according to the flat axis and steep axis of corneal curvature and the air and the cornea refractive index.Based on the anterior and posterior surface SIAs,the total corneal SIA was then calculated using the vector analysis method.Jaffe/Clayman vector method was used to calculate the anterior and posterior and total corneal SIAs in the different time points,and the differences were compared between the two groups.Oral informed consent was obtained from each subject prior to the trial. Results The mean anterior and posterior surface corneal SIAs appeared to be lower in 2.2 mm incision group compared with 3.0 mm incision group at postoperative 1 day,1 week,1 month and 3 months but were not significantly different among groups at various time points ( anterior SIA:P =0.290 ; posterior SIA:P =0.740 ; total SIA:0.434 ).The mean anterior corneal surface SIAs were significantly lower at the postoperative 3 months than those at postoperative 1 day,1 week in both groups(2.2 mm incision group:P=0.020,0.036;3.0 mm incision group:P=0.006,0.023 ).The posterior corneal surface SIAs were (0.70±0.43 ) D and (0.75 ±0.54 ) D at 1 day in 2.2 mm incision group and 3.0 mm inscision group,respectively,and significantly decreased posterior corneal surface SIAs were found in postoperative 1 week,1 month and 3 months compared with 1 day in both groups ( 2.2 mm incision group:all P =0.001 ; 3.0 mm incision group:P=0.028,0.044,0.032).The total corneal surface SIA showed significant differences between 1 day and 1 week,1 month,3 months after surgery ( 2.2 mm incision group:P =0.015,0.002,0.002 ; 3.0 mm incision group:P =0.049,0.007,0.016 ). Conclusions There are no significant differences in the anterior,posterior and total corneal surface SIAs between 2.2 mm and 3.0 mm incisions after phacoemulsification with IOL implantation.The SIA is gradually reduced with the prolongation of postoperative time.

Gout ; therapy ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods

Background and purpose:Neuroendocrine neoplasm is one kind of infrequent neoplasms from neuroendocrine cell and peptidergic neurons. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology and clinicopathological characteristics of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) in Dalian. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed all neuroendocrine neoplasms patients in First Afifliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from 2000 to 2013. The epidemiology characteristics, pathogenic sites and pathological types were reviewed, and the differences between gender and age were also analyzed. The statistics analysis such as independent-samples t test and one-way ANOVA and chi-square test were performed. Results:There were 279 NEN cases, including 166 male and 113 female patients (male:female=1.14:1), detection rate was 0.258%. The mean age of all cases was 59.4±17.1 (20-83), for male 58.9±19.4 (20-81) and female 61.7±15.0 (29-83). There was no statistical signiifcance of detection rate and mean age between male and female patients. Digestive system was the most common occurred site of NEN (71.68%), then was the respiratory system (20.79%). There was no statistical significance of pathogenic sites between male and female.In all case, 132 with neuroendocrine tumor (47.31%), 140 with neuroendocrine cancer (50.18%), 7 with mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma (2.51%). There was no statistical signiifcance of pathological types between male and female (P>0.05).Conclusion:Recently, the detection rate of neuroendocrine neoplasms was raised in Dalian, but there was no signiifcance differences in detection rate,pathogenic sites and pathological types between male and female.

Objective To study the results comparability of two kinds of different chemiluminescence systems(Antu chemilumi-nescence analyzer ADC CLIA 400 and Siemens centaur xp)in the detection of tumor markers.Methods The tumor markers were detected in 50 specimens by using the Antu chemiluminescence analyzer ADC CLIA 400 and the Siemens centaur xp chemilumines-cence analyzer respectively.Then the results were analyzed and compared.Results The quantitative analysis results on the serum specimens showed that there was no significant difference in the detection results between the two kinds of detection system(P >0.05).The correlation coefficients of 5 test items between the two kinds of detection system were more than 0.836,suggesting a good correlation between the two kinds of method.The accuracy and repeatability of the Siemens centaur xp chemiluminescence ana-lyzer were higher than those of the Antu chemiluminescence analyzer ADC CLIA 400 in detecting the tumor markers.Conclusion The Siemens centaur xp chemiluminescence analyzer is better than the Antu chemiluminescence analyzer ADC CLIA 400 in detec-ting the tumor immune markers.

BACKGROUND: Focal cerebral ischemia model in rats should be established under drugged state by surgery operation, but anaesthetic drug may influence the outcome of focal cerebral ischemia.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of ketamine anesthesia on the pathological outcome of focal cerebral ischemia model in rats, and perform control with pentobarbital.DESIGN: Randomized controlled animal experiment.SETTING: Center of Experimental Animal and Department of Pathology of Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in the Center of Experimental Animal and Department of Pathology of Second Affiliated Hospital,School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University from May 2004 to March 2005. Thirty male SD rats were randomly assigned into pentobarbital group and ketamine group with 15 rats in each group.METHODS: The rats in the pentobarbital group and ketamine group were subjected to 40 mg/kg pentobarbital and 60 mg/kg ketamine by abdominal anaesthesia, respectively. The permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was performed in rats by thread embolism in cavity in order to induce cerebral ischemia after abolition of righting reflex.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①A modified Bederson's scoring system was adopted to determine the neurological functional deficit at hour 4 after the MCAO. ②Five rats from each group were selected at hour 24 after MCAO. They were killed and their brain was stained with 20 g/L 2,-3,-5-triphenyltetrazolium hydrochloride (TTC). The infarct volume was determined. ③ MCAO was performed for 72 hours and mortality rate of two groups were recorded. Four rats in each group were re-anesthetized. They were killed and their brain was gained. Survival neurons were detected with toluidine blue staining.RESULTS: Totally 30 rats were involved in the result analysis. ①There was no significant difference in neurological score 4 hours after MCAO between pentobarbital group and ketamine group (1.46±0.98,1.38±0.68 ,P＞0.05). ②The infarct volume in the ketamine group was less than that in the pentobarbital group at hour 24 after MCAO [(28.1±4.11)%,37.8±4.95]%, P＜0.05]. ③The mortality rate 72 hours after ischemia was not significantly different between pentobarbital group and ketamine group (42% vs 33%,P＞0.05). But neuron density in penumbra in the ketamine group was higher than that in the pentobarbital group [(836±15),(740±24) numbers/mm2, P＜0.05].CONCLUSION: ①The ketamine anesthesia induces minor brain injury in setting of the focal cerebral ischemia model in rats. ②When neuroprotective effects of procedures or drugs being studied are evaluated in this focal cerebral ischemia model, they might provide no additional advantage to cerebral ischemia.