Objective To investigate vitamin D nutrition of children aging 0-6 years who received routine physical checkup in outpatient clinic,and to provide evidence for supplementation of vitamin D.Methods A total of 3 724 children were enrolled in children healthcare outpatient clinic in the Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Huzhou from January 2013 to March 2014.Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25-(OH) D] levels of the children were measured using electrochemiluminescence to compare serum 25-(OH) D levels and vitamin D deficiency in children of different ages and in seasons.Results The mean 25-(OH) D level in these children was (37.80 ± 11.67) ng/ml,and the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 7.33％,neither showing significant difference between boys and girls (t =-1.57,P =0.117 ; x2 ＝ 0.37,P =0.543).The serum 25-(OH) D level in ＞3-and-≤6 years group was remarkably lower than the levels in ≤1 year,＞ 1-and-≤2 years and ＞2-and-≤3 years groups [(27.36 ±8.90) ng/ml vs.(38.64 ± 12.10) ng/ml,t =18.60,P=0.000;vs.(41.63±10.31) ng/ml,t=26.07,P=0.000;vs.(36.85±10.01) ng/ml,t=16.42,P =0.000],and the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency significanl higher than those in the other 3 age groups (104/466 vs.122/1 487,x2 =69.06,P =0.000; vs.18/1 106,x2 =196.06,P =0.000; vs.29/665,x2 =85.14,P =0.000).The serum 25-(OH) D level in children in winter was significantly lower than in spring,summer,and autumn [(35.16 ± 11.30) ng/ml vs.(40.03 ± 12.57) ng/ml,t =9.15,P =0.000;vs.(36.86±10.60) ng/ml,t=3.34,P=0.001; vs.(39.99±11.36) ng/ml,t=9.65,P=0.000],and the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency significantly higher than in the other 3 seasons (127/1 189 vs.56/ 849,x2 =10.11,P =0.001; vs.54/787,x2 =28.30,P=0.004; vs.36/899,x2 =31.71,P=0.000).Conclusions Vitamin D nutrition status of infants at 0-6 years in our child healthcare outpatient clinic is generally good,except for lower vitamin D level and higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in winter and ＞3-and-≤6 years age group.Therefore,vitamin D supplementation in winter and in children above 3 years old is especially important.Recommendations include more outdoor activities and public education for scientific prevention of vitamin D deficiency.

Objective To observe the effects of exercise training on the expression of glycogen synthase ki-nase-3 (GSK-3) in the skeletal muscles of rats with insulin resistance induced by a high-fat and high sucrose diet. Methods Thirty Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: a control group, a model group and an exercise group. Rats in the model and exercise groups were fed with a high-fat and sucrose diet (20% sucrose, 10% lard, 2.5% cholesterol, 1% cholic acid) for 4 weeks, and then the rats in the exercise group were trained by swimming 5 d every week for 6 weeks. After treatment, the concentration of GSK-3 protein in their muscles was detected by Western blot analysis, while their weights, serum triglyceride and total cholesterol, and their concentrations of fasting plasma glucose and fasting plasma insulin were measured periodically and their insulin sensitivity index was calculated. Results Compared with the controls, the expression of GSK-3 in the skeletal muscles of the rats in the model group increased by 70. 20% (P

Objective To analyze the inducement,clinical manifestations,diagnosis and treatment of diabetes patients with multiple organ failure(MOF).Methods A retrospective analysis of 64 diabetes patients with multiple organ failure was executed,the clinical data were statistically analyzed.Results Heart failure was the most common in 64 cases with a incidence of 100.0％,the rest common failure organ were kidney(92.2％ ),brain( 32.8％ ),lung ( 14.1％ ),gastrointestinal tract (3.1％ ),and liver( 1.6％ ).Cases with the glucose level over 33.5mmol/L illustrated a significantly higher incidence than other groups ( P ＜ 0.05 ),glucose level between 22.5 and 33.4mmol/L group was significantly higher than the 12.2 ～ 22.4mmol/L group( P ＜ 0.05 ) The inducement of MOF were infection (76.6％ ) medication terminate ( 9.4％ ),ketoacidosis ( 7.8％ ),cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents (6.3％ ).Conclusion Positive control of blood glucose in the early stage of diabetes,prevent complications,eliminate the incentive could reduce the incidence of MOF,eventually reduce the mortality rate.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of thyroid diseases in women within 20-week gestation,and to discuss necessity of thyroid diseases screening in women within 20-week gestation.Methods 4986 singleton pregnant women performing prenatal examination in the Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Huzhou were recruited into this study.TSH,FT4,and TPOAb levels were detected with ABBOTT ARCHITECT i4000SR.Results ① The median value of TSH rised,the median value of FT4 went down with increase of the gestational weeks.There was significant difference of median value of TSH and FT4 between early and second trimester of pregnancy(P＜0.01).② Rate of abnormal thyroid function was 12.88％,which was higher in the sec ond trimester of pregnancy than that in early pregnancy,and the difference had statistical significance (P＜0.05).③ Positive rate of TPOAb in pregnant women was 11.41％.TPOAb levels were positively correlated with TSH,and no correlation with FT.TSH levels were negatively correlated with FT4.Prevalance of clinical hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism in TPOAb positive group was significantly higher than that in TPOAb negative group,and the difference had significant difference (P＜0.05).Conclusions Prevalence of thyroid diseases during pregnancy is high.TPOAb is a risk factor and important predictor for hypothyroidism during pregnancy.It is very necessary to perform thyroid diseases screening for pregnant women as early as possible to ensure safety of pregnant women and their babies.

Objective To observe the effects of puerarin on the expression of glycogen synthase kinase- 3 (GSK- 3) in the skeletal muscle of rats with insulin resistance induced by high fat and sucrose diets. Methods 30 Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal group, model group and puerarin group, 10 rats in each group. The model group and puerarin group were fed with the high fat and sucrose diets for 4 weeks. Then puerarin group was treated with puerarin by abdominal injection (100 mg/kg) for 6 weeks. At the end of the experiment, GSK- 3 content was detected by Western blot analysis. Body weight, serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels, fasting plasma glucose and serum insulin concentrations were measured regularly and insulin sensitivity index was also computed as well. Results The outcome of Western blot analysis showed that the expression of GSK- 3 in the skeletal muscle of the model group increased by 70.20 % (P

Child ; Erythroblastosis, Fetal ; therapy ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Rh Isoimmunization ; immunology

Objective To compare the pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) and volume-controlled ventilation (VCV) in the patients undergoing spinal surgery in prone position supported by a Wilson frame.Methods Forty patients,of ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,aged 30-64 yr,with body mass index ＜ 30 kg/m2,scheduled for elective spinal surgery in prone position supported by a Wilson frame under general anesthesia,were randomly allocated to receive mechanical ventilation using either VCV (n =20) or PCV (n =20) mode.Endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation were performed after induction of anesthesia.The tidal volume (VT) was set at 10 ml/kg according to the ideal body weight in group VCV.The maximal inspiratory pressure of the anesthesia machine was adjusted to maintain the VT at 10 ml/kg in group P.Both ventilation modes were required to maintain PET CO2 within the normal range.VT,respiratory rate,minute ventilation (MV),dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn),peak and mean airway pressure (Ppeak,Pmean),mean arterial pressure (MAP) and HR were recorded at 10 min after the patients were turned to supine position and at 30 min after the patients were turned to prone position after intubation.Arterial blood samples were collected for blood gas analysis,and oxygenation index(OI) and physiologic dead space fraction (VD/VT) were calculated.Results Compared with those at 10 min after turning to supine position,Ppeak was significantly increased and Cdyn,VT and MV were decreased at 30 min after turning to prone position in both groups.Compared with group VCV,Ppeak was significantly decreased,respiratory rate and Cdyn were increased,and no significant change was found in VT,MV,OI,VD/VT,Pmean,MAP and HR in PCV group.Conclusion Compared with VCV,PCV can improve the ventilatory efficacy and reduce the influence of prone position on respiratory dynamics in the patients undergoing spinal surgery in prone position supported by a Wilson frame.

AIM:To study the effects of N-palmitoylethanolamide ( PEA) on the anxiety-and depression-like behaviors of the mouse model induced by restraint stress , and to explore the possible mechanism of anxiolytic and antide-pressant effects of PEA .METHODS:The mice were intragastrically treated with 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg of PEA for 21 con-secutive days once daily .Thirty min after intragastric administration , the mice ( except the normal control group ) were placed in the glass tube to accept 4-h chronic restraint stress for 21 d.After the last administration , the mice were submit-ted to the forced stress test and the open field test (OFT) to observe the effects of PEA on the depression-like behaviors. The cumulative immobility time was recorded during the 4-min interval in the forced swimming test ( FST) or during the 5-min interval in the tail suspension test (TST).The elevated plus maze (EPM) test was used to investigate the effect of PEA on the mouse anxiety-like behaviors , and the water maze method was used to investigate the learning and memory abi-lities, spatial orientation and cognitive function of mice .After the behavior tests , the serum was collected and the hippo-campus was removed . The serum contents of adrenocorticotropic hormone ( ACTH ) , cortisol ( CORT ) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in the hippocampus were detected by ELISA .The changes of acetylcholinesterase ( AChE) ac-tivity in the hippocampal homogenate was measured by spectrophotometry .RESULTS:Compared with model group , in the FST or TST, the immobility time in the mice treated with PEA at 2.5~10 mg/kg and fluoxetine was significantly reduced . In the OFT, the total locomotion distance and total movement time were increased significantly in the mice , but only 10 mg/kg PEA and fluoxetine increased the numbers of rearing .In the EPM test , the percentage of the time spent in open arms, the entries into open arms and the total locomotion distance in 4 arms in the mice were significantly increased .In wa-ter maze test , PEA at 5 and 10 mg/kg and fluoxetine significantly shortened the latency to find the security zone in the mice, and PEA at 10 mg/kg and fluoxetine obviously shorten the swimming distance .Compared with model group , PEA at 10 mg/kg and fluoxetine reduced the mouse serum levels of ACTH and CORT , and the adrenal index , increased the 5-HT content and decreased the AChE activity in the hippocampus .CONCLUSION:PEA produces antagonistic effects on an-xiety-and depression-like behaviors in the mice induced by restraint stress .Its specific mechanism may be related to the re-gulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function by increasing the 5-HT level in hippocampus , thus participating in the regulation of central cholinergic system .

Objective To annalyze the effect of launching blood virus nucleic acid test(NAT) centralization in Chongqing Municipal Blood Center.Methods The various links and key control points in the aspects of the transportation,detection and information system of 32 137 centralized test specimens submitted from 14 basic level local blood stations in Chongqing counties from January 2016 to June 2016 were analyzed.Results Among 32 137 centralized specimens from January to June 2016,55 specimens were rejected for various reasons,the NAT single reactive rate was 5.1‰(164/32 137),which in the Chongqing Municipal Blood Center was 2.3‰(129/55 859)during the same period.The identification detection rate in the basic level blood station was 1.8‰(57/32 137),while which in Chongqing Municipal Blood Center was only 0.6‰(35/55 859).Conclusion The effects of launching centralized NAT have already gradually emerged in Chongqing Municipal Blood Center.The detection ability and level have differences between the laboratory of basic level blood station and blood screening laboratory of blood center.Gradually increasing the centralized test degree conduces to comprehensive improvement of blood detection efficiency and blood saftey.

Objective To study the chemical constituents of Lianhua Qingwen Capsule (LQC). Methods The compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography over silica gel and sephadex LH-20, and preparative RP-HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by physicochemical properties and spectral analyses. Results Twenty compounds were isolated and identified as aloe-emodin (1), phillygenol (2), cepharanone B (3), pinoresinol (4), epipinoresinol (5), pinoresinol monomethyl ether (6), piperolactam A (7), (E)-ethyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) acrylate (8), formononetin (9), isoliquiritigenin (10), naringenin (11), kaempferol (12), citreorosein (13), rhein (14), physcion-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (15), 4,5-dioxodehydroasimilobine (16), kaempferol-3-O-α- L-ramnopyranosyl-4″-O-E-(4-hydroxy)-cinnamoyl (17), chrysophanol-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (18), chrysophanol-8-O-β-D- glucopyranoside (19), and emodin-8- O-β-D-glucopyranoside (20). Conclusion Compounds 2, 3, 5-17, 19, and 20 are isolated from LQC for the first time. This study establishes the foundation for explaining the efficient substance of LQC.