Objective:In order to discuss the influence of processed methods to the contents of total saponins and asperosaponin Ⅵ in Dipsacus asperoids,the content alternation of total saponins and asperosaponin Ⅵ in crude and processed Dipsacus asperoids was investigated.Methods:The content of total saponins was determined by spectrophotometry using vanillin-acetic acid-perchloric acid as the chromogenic reagent.The content of asperosaponin Ⅵ in crude and processed Dipsacus asperoids was determined by HPLC.Results: Contracted to the crude Dipsacus asperoids,the content of total saponins in the processed is higher.The content of asperosaponin Ⅵ in the processed Dipsacus asperoids is higher than that in the crude significantly.Conclusion:Different processed mothods affected the content alternation of asperosaponin Ⅵ in Dipsacus asperoids.The processing of Dipsacus asperoids is reasonable.

Objective To accesse the psychological situation of Gastroscopiers. Methods Questional investigation face to face had been done to some gastroscopiers by using SCL-90 chart and the results were comapred to the common model. Results There were no obviously diaappiontment between the results of the gastroscopiers’and the common model. In total fraction , total average fraction and all kinds of elements which proved the normal psychological health of these people. That was to say that it’s not the gastroscopyical check who has caused the supper stimulaion or substaintial passive emotion although more bitterness. Conclutions The psychological situation of Gastroscopiers is basical normal.

Objective: To find an effect approach to solve the problem on the management of clinic charge bill. Methods:According to the actual working conditions, it suggests we should enhance the management of clinic charge bill form the attitude, system and measures. Results:According to the method and the microcomputer management referred by this article, the management of outpatient charges and bills will be more effective. Conclusion:The management of outpatient charges and bills should be regarded as an important part of the hospital management, and the microcomputer monitoring management should be used to strengthen and improve the management level.

Pediatric knowledge was not fully learned by seven-year program medical students of pediatrics major in first five years,so two years of postgraduate was the key period for culturing their pediatric specialty.Students of seven-year program were characterized by strong theoretical knowledge but poor pediatric clinic knowledge,therefore,pediatric clinic teaching should emphasize on basic knowledge and skills,avoid dwelling on specific details at early stage,pay attention to their communicative ability with children and their relatives,combine theory with clinic practice and teach from surface to point.Meanwhile,we aimed at changing them into pediatric doctor through cultivating their clinic skills and scientific research ability.

Audiometry, Speech ; Congresses as Topic

Objective To analyze experimentally the compressive strength of veneers on mottled teeth after Dul8e Nd:YAG laser irradiation.Methods Sixty motded teeth were extracted,including thirty maxdlary central incisors and thirty maxillary lateral incisors and each were divided equally into two groups randomly(experimental groups and control groups).The former were irradiated by pulse Nd:YAG lafer and then etched by 37%phosphorus acid.The latter only etched by 37%phosphorus acid.All the teeth were restored by composite resin veneers and tested with Instron 4505 electronic testing machine.The average collapse loads of the veneers of incisors were tested. The maximal compressive loads of the samples were obtained,then the experimental results were analyzed.Results The average collapse loads of central incisors of test groups and control groups were(0.342±0.053),(0.289±0.041) kN respectively,with a signiticant difference(t=3.16,P<0.05).The average collapse loads of lateral incisors of test groups and control groups were(0.321±0.041),(0.208 ±0.032)kN respectively.There was a significant difference when they were compared(t=7.66,P<0.05).Conclusions The compressive strength of the veneers incneases significandv when the mottled teeth are irradiated by pulse Nd:YAG laser.This method is worthy of recommending.

AIM: To investigate the protective mechanism of Danggui Buxue Decoction(Radix Astragali,Radix Angelieae Sinensis) on the kidney of diabetic rats. METHODS: The diabetic animal model was made by a single intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg streptozotocin(STZ) and treated with Danggui Buxue Decoction(DBD) or Benazepril. Renal weight/body weight ratio, blood glucose and lipid, urinary albumin and ? 2-microglobin were measured. The renal pathological lesions were also investigated. The expression of TGF-? 1 mRNA in renal cortex as well as Angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ) concentration of plasma and kidney tissue were determined by In situ hybridization and radioimmunoassay after 4,8 weeks of treatment. RESULTS:DBD had equivalent effects with Benazepril in protecting renal function and alleviating pathologic lesions. By means of inhibiting the expression of of TGF-? 1 mRNA. DBD had no effect on renal and plasmaAngⅡ. CONCLUSION:Danggui Buxue Decoction may alleviate kidney lesion and slow down the progression of DN by decreasing the renal expression of TGF-? 1 mRNA.

Objective: To improve the standardization method for ethanol potassium hydroxide volumetric solution. Methods: A new potentiometric titration method was established and compared with the indicator method described in Chinese Pharmacopeia (2010 edition) . Results:There was no significant difference between the results of the potentiometric method and the indicator method( P>0. 05). Furthermore, the potentiometric titration had significant jump range, good precision and high reliability. Conclusion:The po-tentiometric method can be used in the standardization of ethanol potassium hydroxide volumetric solution.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and risk factors of healthcare-associated infection (HAI)in patients with severe viral hepatitis,so as to provide basis for clinical prevention and treatment of HAI. Methods Clinical data of 193 patients with severe viral hepatitis and admitted to a hospital from January 2012 to November 2015 were analyzed retrospectively,clinical characteristics and risk factors for HAI in patients were evaluated,all data were statistically analyzed.Results Among 193 patients,75 developed 112 times of HAI, incidence and case incidence of HAI were 38.86% and 58.03% respectively.The main infection sites were abdomi-nal cavity,lower respiratory tract,and gastrointestinal tract,infection rates were 33.93%,25.00% and 16.96%respectively.A total of 58 strains of pathogens were isolated,including fungi,gram-negative bacteria,and gram-positive bacteria,accounting for 53.45%,36.21%,and 10.34% respectively.Mulvariate logistic regression analy-sis showed that underlying diseases,use of glucocorticoid,invasive procedure,and white blood cell count<4.0×109/L were independent risk factors for HAI in patients with severe viral hepatitis (P<0.05).Conclusion Incidence of HAI in patients with severe viral hepatitis is high,risk factors are multiple.It is necessary to take targeted prevention measures during the treatment,so as to reduce the incidence of HAI.

BACKGROUND: Research about magnetic drug microsphere has developed rapidly at home or abroad; additionally, previous studies have been focused on glucan, chitosan, and polyester as coating materials; however, gel material has been less reported,in particular gel-coating berberine microsphere has been not reported yet.OBJECTIVE: To prepare berberine magnetic gelatin drug microsphere, and to evaluate drug releasing, loading, and cross-linking using dynamic dialysis and light electron microscope.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Preparation and property of microsphere were performed in Guizhou Yikang Pharmacy Co., Ltd.And Guizhou University from February 2004 to May 2006.MATERIALS: Gel, berberine, glutaraldehyde, liquid paraffin, and Fe_3O_4 were used in this study.METHODS: Magnetic microspheres of berberine drug with gelatin and Fe_3O_4 were prepared by a reverse phase suspension cold-condensation method according to biocompatibility of gel, solidification of glutaraldehyde, and disperse medium of liquid paraffin.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Structure, morphology, drug-loading rate, entrapment efficiency, and in vitro releasing of drug microsphere.RESULTS: The diameter of the microsphere was under 20 urn. Scanning electron microscope demonstrated that Fe_3O_4 and berberine were compounded by gel into a round shape, and the mixture was expressed on micrometer. Ultraviolet absorption and infrared analysis suggested that berberine magnetic gelatin drug microsphere still had structure and property of raw drug. The drug-loading rate of berberine microsphere was 7.2%, the content of Fe_3O_4 was 20.8%, and the entrapment efficiency was 62.6%.the sustained-releasing ability of microsphere was well, and the releasing content counted for 83.5% of total drug within 7 hours.CONCLUSION: The berberine magnetic gelatin drug microsphere which was prepared by reverse phase suspension cold-condensation method characterizes by sample preparation, small diameter, regular morphology, and great sustained-releasing ability.