Objective To investigate the risk and prediction factors for tracheotomy after cervical spinal injuries. Methods A retrospective analysis was done on 1 064 cases suffering from cervical spinal injuries, of which, according to nerve function evaluation criteria of American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA), there were 243 cases at Grade A,327 at Grade B, 306 at Grade C and 188 at Grade D. Except for seven cases with brain injuries, trachea injuries, with a tracheotomy before hospitalization, a total of 106 cases needed tracheotomy during their hospitalization. The following factors were evaluated to predict the possible causes for tracheotomy: segment of injury, ages, smoking history, past diseases (such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension and coronary heart disease) and complicated chest or lung injuries. Results The highest rate of tracheotomy for cervical spinal injury at Grade A was 35.0% (85/243), while the rate of tracheotomy for incomplete injury at Grades B, C and D was only 2.6% (21/814). Of cervical spinal injury at Grade A, all C_3 segment injuries needed tracheotomy. Of all, the percentage for C_4 and C_5 segment injuries accounted for 43.2% (105/243),of which the percentage for tracheotomy was 74% (63/85). The possibility of tracheotomy decreased gradually from below C_5. Besides C_3 segment injuries, C_4 segment injuries had the highest possibility of tracheotomy, with statistical difference compared with other segments (P

The authors determined the concentration of matrine in rabbit blood plasma with HPLC after it was injected intravenously at constant rate and studied the pharmacokinetics with following five dosage groups of 10,15,20,30 and 60 mg/kg,respectively.As a result,the pharmacokinetics of matrine in rabbit body coincides with two-compartment open model.For 10-30mg/kg dosage groups,the t_(1/2)?,Vc and CLS are similar basically. A direct proportion increase in AUC as dose is increased.The matrine reveals linear elim- ination.For 60 mg/kg dosage group,t_(1/2)? obviously lengthens.AUC increases over pro- portion.The elimination of matrine is nonlinear.

Alzheimer's disease(AD),which is one type of senile deimentia, has three remarkable pathologic characteristics-senile plaque,neurofibrillar tangles and neuronal death. As a neurotrophic factor, basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)is closely related to AD. This article reviewed the interaction between bFGF and AD-associated gene products(such as amyliod ? protein,presenilin, apoloprotein E and microtubulin associated protein tau)and neuronal apoptosis. Some researchers suggested that bFGF may be put forward as potential therapeutic agent in AD and play a role in preventing or retarding the pathological process of this disease, alleviating or even eradicating the pathological insults of this disease.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics, treatment, and evaluation of the prognosis of syndrome of inap-propriate anti-diuretic hormone (SIADH) in lung-cancer patients. Methods:We review the clinical data of six lung cancer cases, includ-ing four small cell lung cancer, one adenocarcinoma, and one squamous cell carcinoma, with SIADH complication. All six cases were treated in our hospital over the past three years. Results:Patients with various serum sodium levels were provided different therapeutic regimens. Symptoms of fatigue and nervous system disorders, plasma sodium, urine sodium, and plasma osmotic pressure were alleviat-ed. Conclusion:SIADH is a common complication of lung cancer, particularly in small lung cancer cases. Electrolyte disturbances indi-cate poor prognosis, high mortality rate, and delay in treatment because of clinical interest. After a final diagnosis has been made and ap-propriate treatment has been administered, clinical symptoms were relieved and blood sodium levels were quickly and significantly im-proved in these patients.

Objective To observe the effect of IMRT combined with astragalus polysaccharide (ASP) injection on cervicocerebral tumor,radiation side effects and its influence on immune function. Methods 61 head and neck tumor patients were randomly divided into two groups.One groups received the IMRT combined with Astragalus Polysaccharide (ASP) injection (n=30) while the other group only received the IMRT(n=31). The recent effect, immune function and the side effects of radiotherapy between the 2 groups were observed and compared , changes of T-lymphocyte subsets, natural killer (NK) cell activity and the dermatitis,oral mucosa reaction,thirsty condition on patients in intraoperative or postoperative period were also observed and compared. Results The total effective rate in experimental group and the control group were 83.0% and 80.6% respectively.The cell viability of peripheral blood lymphocyte and NK cell as well as the T3、T4、NK cell value increased in IMRT-ASP group (P<0.05) after treatment. While T3、T4、NK cell value in peripheral blood decreased (P<0.05). Mucosa,dermatitis and salivary gland damage showed in IMRT-ASP group were significantly better than in control group after 3 weeks treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion ASP can improve immune function effect in head and neck tumor patients during RT, and can also eliminate the side effects of radiotherapy.

Objective To evaluate the practical value of procaleitonin(PCT)in diagnosis of pneumonia in patients after kidney transplantation.Method A total of 102 patients with pneumonia after kidney transplantation were reviewed.According to the diagnostic criteria of pathogens of pneumonia,32 patients were enrolled in bacterial group and 70 patients in non-bacterial group.The data of the PCT level and the C-reactive protein (CRP) level of the two groups were determined and compared with each other.Results There was significant difference in PCT level between bacterial pneumonia patients after kidney transplantation and non-bacterial pneumonia patients group (P<0.01).The difference in CRP level between bacterial pneumonia patients after kidney transplantation and non-bacterial pneumonia patients group was not significant (P>0.05).The changes of PCT level and the CRP level in 32 patients with bacterial pneumonia after kidney transplantation were not significant (P>0.05),and they were not associated with each other.Conclusions Monitoring the PCT level in patients with bacterial pneumonia after kidney transplantation would have an obviously clinical significance in diagnostic value.

ObjectiveTo study the significance of the non-invasive hemodynamic monitor system in the differential diagnosis of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) combined with pulmonary edema. Methods Twenty-nine cases of SAP during fluid resuscitation treatment combined with pulmonary edema were reviewed and the data of the non-invasive hemodynamic monitor system was analysed and summarized.According to the diagnosis on discharge, 18 patients were enrolled in test group (noncardiogenic pulmonary edema group) and 11 patients were enrolled in control group(cardiogenic pulmonary edema group). The data of two groups were determined and compared. ResultsIn control group, cardiac output[(3.34±1.09) L/min], cardiac index [(2.06 ± 0.46) L/ (min·m2)], stroke volume [(41.89 ± 13.72) ml], stroke index[(25.59 ± 7.32) ml/m2], accelerate cardiac index [(59.24 ± 28.41) L/100 s2], left cardiac work index [(2.09 ± 0.67) (kg·m)/m2], left ventricular ejection time[(254.32 ± 27.34) ms], ejection fraction (0.37 ±0.03) and velocity index [(27.11 ± 11.32) L/100 s] were all significantly lower than those in test group [(4.12 ± 1.06) L/min, (2.64 ± 0.48) L/ (min·m2), (46.21 ± 11.81) ml, (28.87 ± 5.32) ml/m2, (79.43 ±29.01) L/100 s2, (3.21 ± 0.84)(kg·m)/m2, (281.29 ± 29.11) ms,0.54 ±0.04, (39.34 ± 12.11) L/100 s,respectively] (P < 0.01); pre-ejectionphase [(116.54 ± 22.37) ms] and systolic time ratio (0.48 ± 0.04) were significantly higher than those in test group[(95.24 ± 21.41) ms,0.36 ± 0.02,respectively] (P < 0.01 or <0.05). ConclusionNon-invasive hemodynamic monitor system is helpful in the early differential diagnosis of SAP combined with pulmonary edema.

Objective To study the distribution of genotypes of Candida albicans isolated from different body sites of patients with candidal vulvovaginitis(CVV).Methods PCR was designed to amplify group I intron-containing region in25S rDNA of Candida albicans.The strains of Candida albicans could be classified into three genotypes:genotype A(~450bp),B(~840bp)and C(~450bp and~840bp),on the basis of different ranges of bands of amplicons.Results Sixty women with CVV were recruited,of whom54were caused by Candida albicans.Among the54patients39had non-recurrent CVV and15had recurrent CVV(RCVV).Candida albicans could be isolated simultaneously from different body sites in32of54patients,including19(19/39)with non-RCVV and13(13/15)with RCVV.A total of92strains of Candida albicans were isolated from vagina,tongue and anus in54patients with CVV.Eighty strains of genotype A,8of genotype B and4of genotype C were found.The same genotypes of Candida albicans in different body sites were identified in24patients,and the different genotypes were identified in8patients.Conclusion Genotype A is predominant in CVV.The other two genotypes(B and C)are not commonly seen,and mainly isolated from non-vaginal sites.The colonization of Candida albicans in the non-vagina sites is more frequent in RCVV than that in CVV,and the intestinal reservoir theory may play a role in the relapse of RCVV.

Objective To investigate prevalence of nutritional status of children and adolescents of school age in the poor region with many ethnic groups of Western regions of China. Methods In September 2006, we performed a health check?up for 2 475 students of a primary school and a middle school from many ethnic groups in Rongshui, Guangxi; 1 163 boys (46.99%) and 1 362 girls (53.01%) participated in this study, including 4 main ethnic groups: Han (848 participants, 34.26%), Miao (736 participants, 29.74%), Zhuang (415 participants, 16.77%) and Dong (341 participants, 13.78%), and prevalence of obesity and malnutrition for the population were surveyed. Results The prevalence rates of overweight among male and female children/adolescents of school age were 3.01%and 3.66%, respectively;and the prevalence rates of obesity were 1.55%and 0.76%, respectively. In 4 main ethnic groups of Han, Miao, Zhuang and Dong, the prevalence rates of overweight were 2.59%, 4.76%, 2.89% and 2.93%, respectively; while the prevalence rates of obesity were 1.89%, 0.27%, 0.96%and 1.17%, respectively. The prevalence rates of malnutrition among male and female children/adolescents of school age were 5.59%and 3.35%, respectively;while the prevalence rates of malnutrition in 4 main ethnic groups of Han, Miao, Zhuang and Dong were 6.96%, 2.17%, 5.54% and 2.64%, respectively. Conclusion The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity of children and adolescents of school age in Rongshui were relatively low, while the prevalence rates of malnutrition is similar to the average level of China.

Objective To explore the clinical value of peripheral blood albumin gene and alpha-fetoprotein gene in early diagnosis and differential diagnosis ofhepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods Two gene fragments were amplified by nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)with the samples from patients.Results The positive tales of peripheral blood gene fragments from patients with HCC were 53.7％in AFP and 59.7％in Alb.respectively.The former Wag signifieantly higher than that in liver cirrhosis(LC),chronic hepatitis(CH),acute hepatitis(AH)and extrahepatic tumor(ET).The latter Wag also significantly higher than that in LC,CH and ET(P