Object In order to identify the resources of official and unofficial plants in Rheum L.at molecular level, a random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was performed. Methods The amplification program of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was optimized. Arbitrary decamer primers of 121 based on the individual selecting method, and 64 based on the BSA method were screened. Results Four primers among all screened primers were found to be useful to amplify specific strips to the official plants of Rheum L. Conclusion This method is reliable, accurate, quick and reproducible for authenticating the official and unofficial plants of Rheum L. at molecular level. Moreover, the experiment results indicate that it is more effective to screen the primers using BSA method than using individual selecting method.

Objective To introduce the application and assess the outcome of ProPlan CMF software in virtual surgery of mandibular resection and reconstruction with vascularized fibular graft.Methods Nineteen patients were performed mandibular resection,and immediate reconstruction with free fibular graft by application of ProPlan CMF software between March 1,2013 and January 31,2014,including 7 cases of osteoradionecrosis,6 cases of adamantoblastoma,4 cases of carcinoma of gingiva,2 cases of intra-osseous carcinoma of mandible.There were 12 males and 7 females,with an age range of 21-73 years (median,54 years).In each case,three-dimensional spiral CT scan of mandible and fibula was obtained before operation.The CT data were imported into the ProPlan CMF software and the virtual surgical planning was performed.After that,the mandibular rapid prototyping and surgical guide plates were made according to customized design.The segmental resection of mandible,titanium plate bending,fibular molding,insetting and fixing were then carried out by using these surgical guide plates.Results Operations were undertaken successfully according to preoperative design in all nineteen patients and negative margin was detected by intraoperative frozen section.The fibula was cut,shaped and fixed accurately.The operations took 4.5-7.0 hours (mean,5.5 hours).Primary healing of incision was obtained without complications except fistula in 2 cases of osteoradionecrosis,which were resolved with local wound care after 4 weeks.19 patients were followed up between 3 months to 1 year and all patients were alive with disease free.All patients were satisfactory with their maxillofacial appearance,occlusion and function.The ranges of mouth opening was 2.0-4.0 cm.The postoperative panoramic radiographs or CT scan showed perfect situation and contour of fibular graft.Healing of the donor site occurred without significant complications.All patients started early postoperative ambulation,and walked normally after 2 or 3 months.Conclusion The application of ProPlan CMF software in virtual surgical design and guide plates creation can simplify the operation,and improve the accuracy of mandibular resection and reconstruction,especially the spatial relationship of the mandible and the fibula graft.It is worth promotion widely in clinical practice.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate a devascularization technique for hypervascular tumors of the head and neck by direct intratumoral puncture.

METHODSSix cases of hypervascular tumor of the head and neck were reviewed, focusing on findings from digital subtraction angiography and preoperative direct intratumoral embolization and their effects after the operation.

RESULTSTotal devascularization by complete embolization was achieved in 2 cases: 1 nasopharyngeal angiofibroma and 1 spongiform tumor, both of which were completely excised endoscopically with blood loss of 60 ml. Incomplete devascularization through 80% - 90% embolization was achieved in the other 4 cases: 1 paraganglioma was totally removed with 800 ml of blood loss, 1 hemangioblastoma was not completely excised with 400 ml of blood loss and 2 nasopharyngeal angiofibromas involving the intracranial region were partially eliminated with a total blood loss of 1600 ml.

CONCLUSIONThe new technique of preoperative embolization of hypervascular tumors of the head and neck by direct intratumoral puncture, which can decrease blood loss during the accompanying tumor resection and increase the possibility of complete tumor removal, is feasible, convenient, safe, and effective.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; methods ; Female ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; blood supply ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective To analyze the current status of bacterial spectrum and drug resistance in community-acquired biliary tract infection to provide a basis for clinical medication .Methods The patients with community-acquired biliary tract infection (ex-periment group) and the patients with biliary tract diseases without biliary tract infection (control group) derived from the native ar-ea treated in this hospital from September 2014 to January 2016 were selected .The bile juice was intraoperatively extracted for con-ducting the bacterial culture and drug susceptibility test .Results Thirteen specieses (60 strains) of bacteria were isolated in the ex-periment group .The top 3 specieses were Escherichia coli (35 .0% ) ,Klebsiella pneumonia (21 .7% ) and Enterobacter cloacae (10 .0% ) .Eight specieses (13 strains) of bacteria were isolated in the control group .The top 3 specieses were Escherichia coli (30 .8% ) ,Klebsiella pneumonia(15 .4% ) and Lactococcus garvieae (15 .4% ) .The proportions of drug resistant strains in the two groups were 95 .0% and 84 .6% respectively (P>0 .05) .The proportions of multiple drug resistant strains in the two groups were 30 .0% and 7 .7% respectively(P>0 .05) .The occurrence rates of multiple drug resistance in the top 3 specieses of bacteria in the experiment group were 61 .9% ,7 .7% and 16 .7% respectively .Conclusion The bacterial spectra of community-acquired acute bili-ary tract infection in the native area are dominated by Gram negative bacteria .The total bacterial drug resistance is serious ,but the drug resistance situation in different bacteria pathogens is different .

OBJECTIVETo investigate the concordance of dual-color silver enhanced in-situ hybridization (DSISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in the detection of HER2 gene amplification and expression and to evaluate the values of DSISH in detecting HER2 gene status in gastric carcinoma.

METHODSBy using automated DSISH and IHC, HER2 gene status was detected in 230 cases of gastric cancer.

RESULTSAmong the 230 cases of gastric carcinoma tested by DSISH, 43 cases were positive and 187 cases were negative; HER2 gene amplification rate was 18.7% (43/230). The expression of HER2 protein was negative, weakly, moderately and strongly positive in 115, 69, 15 and 31 cases, respectively, by IHC. HER2 protein positive rate was 13.5% (31/230). Of the 43 HER2 gene amplification cases by DSISH, 2, 10, 2 and 29 cases were negative, weakly, moderately and strongly positive by IHC; Of the 187 HER2 negative cases by DSISH, 113, 59, 13 and 2 cases were negative, weakly, moderately and strongly positive by IHC, respectively. The overall concordance of HER2 status in the investigation between IHC and DSIDH was 93.5% (201/215), with a high consistency (Kappa coefficient 0.767, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSDSISH can be applied to detect the HER2 gene status in gastric cancer and it also has a high consistency with the result of IHC. In addition, due to frequent heterogeneous expression of HER2, cases with moderate HER2 protein expression may need further assessment by DSISH.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Esophagogastric Junction ; Female ; Gene Amplification ; Genes, erbB-2 ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Hybridization ; methods ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phosphoproteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Polyploidy ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; metabolism ; Silver Staining ; Stomach Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism