1.Structural analysis of spliced variants of hepatitis B virus genomes
Xu LIN ; Dali ZHENG ; Xiao XU
Chinese Journal of Infectious Diseases 2000;0(02):-
Objective To study the structure of spliced variants of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genomes and elucidate their potential pathogenicity. Methods Amplified the spliced variants of hepatitis B virus genomes by mean of PCR from the serum of the patients with chronic hepatitis B, sequenced and analysis the characteristics of such genomes. Results 10 different types of the spliced variants of hepatitis B virus genomes were obtained with the molecular weight ranging from 765 bp to 2039 bp. There were 6 splicing donor sites and 6 accepter sites, respectively in HBV genomes. All spliced variants showed one or more deletions in the regions coding for core, preS1, preS2 and surface protein, while retained thepathogenic X gene and cis elements which were essential for viral replication and packaging. Conclusions Spliced variants of hepatitis B virus genomes were commonly detected in the serum from chronic Hepatitis B patients, the characteristic structure of such variants implied that they might closely co-related with the pathogenicity of HBV.
2.Therapeutic Effect of Canagliflozin on Nephrotic Syndrome and Its Ultrasonic Evaluation
Wen-juan HONG ; Hong-jun LI ; Jiu-lin ZOU ; Wei HUAN ; Xiao LI ; Jia-mao CHENG ; Hai-yan CHEN
Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences) 2023;44(1):71-77
ObjectiveTo investigate the therapeutic effect of antidiabetic drug canagliflozin (CGLZ) on adriamycin-induced nephrotic syndrome (NS) in rats, and the evaluation of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) combined with color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) during the treatment. MethodsA total of 56 male SD rats were randomly divided into normal group (NG), model group (MG), prednisone (PAT) group (PG), low-dose single CGLZ group (LSCG), high-dose single CGLZ group (HSCG), low-dose CGLZ + PAT group (LUCG) and high-dose CGLZ + PAT group (HUCG), with 8 rats in each group. The NS model in rats was induced by injecting adriamycin twice into the tail vein, and then the NS rats were treated by intragastric administration daily for 6 weeks with reference of PAT. Twenty-four hour urine total protein (24 h-UTP) was assessed one day before the start of oral administration and at the end of 2, 4 and 6 weeks after oral administration, respectively. CDFI and CEUS were performed on the right renal artery at the end of 6 weeks after oral administration, and the blood of abdominal aorta was taken for serological test the next day. ResultsCompared with those detection index of NG rats, the 24-hour UTP of MG rats increased (P<0.01), the serum ALB decreased and TG, TC, LDL increased (P<0.01), and CDFI shows that RRCT was thinner (P<0.01) and the renal artery blood flow indicators RA-PI, RA-RI, RA-S/D all increased (P<0.05), and CEUS image shows that the TIC curve parameters TTP, AT, AUC all increased and DPI decrease in MG rats (P<0.01). After drug treatment, compared with those detection index of MG rats, 24 h-UTP decrease in LSCG after 2 weeks (P<0.01), and decrease significantly in all drug groups after 6 weeks (P<0.01); the serological test results show that the serum ALB in all CGLZ groups increased (P<0.05), TG decrease in LSCG (P<0.01), TC and LDL also decrease in LUCG after 6 weeks (P<0.05); CDFI shows that the RRCT thinning degree in all CGLZ is reduced (P<0.01), and the RA-PI in LSCG, RA-RI in PG, and RA-S/D in PG, LSCG, HSCG and LUCG rats all decreased (P<0.05); CEUS shows that the TTP, AT and AUC of renal TIC curve in drug treatment groups all decreased (P<0.01), and the DPI in PG, HSCG, LUCG and HUCG rats increased (P<0.01). ConclusionsCGLZ has the effect of treating NS, and the small dose is the best. CEUS combined with CDFI can be used to evaluate the renal morphology and hemodynamic changes of NS model rats before and after drug treatment, which is helpful to guide clinical application.
3.Quantitative HPLC analysis of main effective constituents and integrated chemical quality index(ICQI)in Dida.
Xiao-Quan YANG ; Yong-Qiang GUO ; Cong-Long XIA
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2016;41(9):1685-1692
"Dida" is one of the most representative commonly used Tibetan medicines in treatment of hepatobilaiary diseases. To analyze and compare the content of 7 effective constituents in 11 species which are used as Dida. Integrated evaluation of them, which supply a basis for the resources exploitation for them. In this paper, most appropriate absorption wavelengths of different natural iridoid compounds, xanthones and oleanolic acid have been performed by using 3D spectrum technique. According to the results, the wavelength 210, 240 and 265 nm were used for detection of 7 effective constituents. By means of calculation, determination of 7 effective constituents indicated good linearity over the linear range with coefficients (r) of 0.999 9 respectively. The recoveries were found in the average range of 99% to 101% with RSD being less than 3%. Normalize and integrate by three-dimension the data. Get their integrated chemical quality index(ICQI). Results suggested that these plants used as Dida in Tibet medicine mostly contain these 7 effective constituents, but the different is notable. The integrated evaluation by the integrated chemical quality index (ICQI) has reference value for quality control.
4.A key issue of national health in China: excess energy intake and oxidative inflammation.
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2022;47(4):853-861
This study expounded the great impacts of excess energy intake and oxidative inflammation on national health in China and put forward the pathological mirror-image hypothesis of the relationship between obesity and oxidative inflammation. On this basis, an ideological framework was constructed to deal with oxidative stress and oxidative inflammation centered on the development of natural antioxidant products. The study contained the following four parts: the ways to improve national health in China; the promotion of cognition to oxidative inflammation to improve national health in China; prospects for the prevention and treatment of oxidative inflammation in China; the reason why Northwest Yunnan is a good place to develop high-quality natural antioxidants.
China
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Energy Intake
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Humans
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Inflammation
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Oxidation-Reduction
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Oxidative Stress
5.Supercritical CO2 Extraction of Volatile Oil in Pine Needle of Pinus yunnanensis from Different Habitats and Analysis by GC-MS
Xiao-yue ZHANG ; Xiao-fang YANG ; Pei-yun XIAO ; Yong-shou YANG
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2020;26(11):161-169
Objective:To analyze and compare the volatile oil components of pine needle of
6.Effects of Periplaneta americana Extract YS-F on the Proliferation and Apoptosis of Human Non-small Cell Lung Cancer A 549 Cells
Lianli NI ; Shuang YAN ; Huai XIAO ; Xiumei WU ; Miao HE ; Yue LI
China Pharmacy 2020;31(4):401-407
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of Periplaneta americana extract on the proliferation and apoptosis of human non-small cell lung cancer A 549 cells as well as its possible mechanism. METHODS :The dry bodies of P. americana were soaked with 90% ethanol and eluted with gradient water-methanol by polyamide column chromatography. The 20%,30%,40%, 50%,60%,70%,80%,90% methanol elution sites (YS-A-H)were obtained. MTT method was used to screen the active site , and the inhibition rate of different doses of active site was detected. Flow cytometry was adopted to detect cell apoptosis ,cell cycle and mitochondrial membrane potential of cells after treated with different doses of active site. RESULTS :Half inhibition concentrations of YS-A-H were (95.25±8.42),(129.93±7.24),(221.28±12.68),(275.39±14.87),(276.76±16.32),(31.90± 5.34),(163.15±6.97),(122.81±8.36)μg/mL,respectively. YS-F had the strongest activity. After treated with 3,9,27,81 μg/mL YS-F for 24,48,72 h,cell proliferation inhibitory rate was increased significantly at different time points ;after treated for 48,72 h,that was significantly higher than same group after treated for 24 h;after 72 h treatment ,that was significantly higher than same group after 48 h treatment (P<0.01). There was no significant effect of 24 h treatment of 3 μg/mL YS-F and 72 h treatment of 9 μg/mL YS-F on the percentage of cells in the late stage of necrosis,24 h treatment of 3 μg/mL YS-F on the percentage of cells in G2/M phase and 48 h treatment of 3 μg/mL YS-F on the reduction rate of mitochondrial membrane potential(P>0.05). The percentage of cells in the early stage of apoptosis ,the late stage of apoptosis and the early stage of necrosis ,the late stage of necrosis,as well as the percentage of cells in the Sub-G 0/G1 and S phase at each time point were significantly increased in other different doses groups ,while the percentage of cells in G 0/G1 and G 2/M phase was decreased significantly (P<0.01). In each dose group,the percentage of cells in the early stage of apoptosis ,the late stage of apoptosis and the early stage of necrosis ,the late stage of necrosis (except for the percentage of cells in the late stage of necrosis treated with YS-F 9 μg/mL for 72 h)and the percentage of cells in Sub-G 0/G1 phase,G2/M phase (except for YS-F 27,81 μg/mL for 48 h)after treated for 48,72 h were significantly higher than same group after 24 h of treatment ;the percentage of cells in G 0/G1 phase,S phase and G 2/M phase (except for YS-F 9 μg/mL for 48 h)after treated for 48,72 h were significantly lower than same group after 24 h of treatment (P<0.01);the percentage of cells in the early stage of apoptosis ,the late stage of apoptosis and the early stage of necrosis ,the late stage of necrosis (except for the percentage of cells in the late stage of apoptosis and early stage of necrosis when treated with YS-F 27 μg/mL for 72 h,the percentage of cells in the late stage of necrosis when treated with YS-F 3,9 μg/mL for 72 h were decreased significantly )and the percentage of cells in S phase (except for YS-F 3 μg/mL for 72 h)and Sub-G 0/G1 phase after treated for 72 h were significantly higher than same group after 48 h of treatment ,while the percentage of cells in G 0/G1 and G 2/M phase were significantly lower than same group after 48 h of treatment (P<0.01). After treated with YS-F 9,27,81 μg/mL for 48 h,the reduction rate of cell mitochondrial membrane potential was increased significantly ;YS-F 27,81 μg/mL groups were significantly higher than YS-F 9 μg/mL group,and YS-F 81 μg/mL group was significantly higher than YS-F 27 μg/mL group. CONCLUSIONS:YS-F can inhibit the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of A 549 cells by preventing cell transformation from S phase to G 2/M phase ,and reducing mitochondrial membrane potential ,in time-dependent or dose-dependent manner.
7.Proteolytic Enzymes Screening for Enzymolysis Preparation Technology of Active Parts of Periplaneta americana against Liver Fibrosis
Huarui YANG ; Yongshou YANG ; Peiyun XIAO
China Pharmacy 2019;30(14):1953-1958
OBJECTIVE: To optimize the proteolytic enzymes for enzymolysis technology of degreasing ointment from Periplaneta americana, and to improve the extraction rate and activity of anti-liver fibrosis active part from P. americana. METHODS: Using degreasing ointment of P. americana as control, ninhydrin method and folin-ciocalteu method were used to investigate the hydrolysis degree of trypsin (TR), pepsin (PE), alkaline protease (AL), papain (PA) and neutral protease (NE) to the degreasing ointment. Macroporous resin isolation and purification method was used to investigate the yield of elution part from hydrolyzate, with 50%, 60%, 70%, 95% ethanol as eluting solvents. Inhibition test in vitro of rat hepatic stellate cells HSC-T6 was performed, and anti-liver fibrosis activity of elution part from hydrolyzate was investigated. RESULTS: The hydrolysis degree of PA and NE were 14.15% and 15.70%, showing strong enzymatic hydrolysis ability. The yield of 95% ethanol elution part from PA, NE and AL hydrolyzate were (0.73±0.04)%,(0.65±0.01)% and(0.64±0.05)%, improving 30.36%, 16.07%, 14.29% compared with degreasing ointment without enzyme. Results of inhibition test in vitro showed that inhibitory rate of 50%, 60%, 70% ethanol elution parts isolated and purified from hydrolyzate had a low inhibition rate or a growth-promoting effect on HSC-T6 cells. Inhibition rates of 95% ethanol elution parts to HSC-T6 cells were all more than 20%. IC50 of 95% ethanol elution part isolated and purified from PA and NE hydrolyzate for 24-72 h were 94.5-112.3 and 117.1-120.0 μg/mL, which were lower than that (116.1-123.0 μg/mL) of degreasing ointment without enzyme. CONCLUSIONS: PA is the best hydrolyzate for enzymolysis technology of active parts against liver fibrosis in degreasing ointment from P. americana, followed by NE and AL; PE and TR, which have poor effect, are not suitable for the enzymatic hydrolysis technology.
8.Effects of Borneol on Membrane Fluidity and Membrane Potential of HaCaT Cell
Dali FU ; Xiaolan YONG ; Defang LIU ; Shuang XIAO
Chinese Journal of Information on Traditional Chinese Medicine 2015;(4):62-66
Objective To investigate the action mode of borneol on activity of epidermal skin;To investigate action mode of borneol as penetration enhancer. Methods The well-established and standard penetration enhancer Azone was employed as a positive control in this study. The cytotoxicities of borneol and Azone on HaCaT cells were detected by CCK-8 assay, and their half 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) were calculated. The fluorescence recovery after photo bleaching was employed to investigate the effect of borneol and Azone on membrane fluidity, and the flow cytometer was used to monitor the changes of membrane potential of HaCaT cell after treated with these penetration enhancers. Results The IC50 values of borneol and Azone were 2.826 , 0.172 mmol/L, respectively. Borneol could significantly improve the membrane fluidity in a concentration-dependent manner, and effectively decrease the membrane potential of HaCaT cell, which exhibited the performances similar to those of Azone. Conclusion The penetration enhancement mechanism of borneol was associated with the concentrations of Ca2+ in keratinocytes, which changes the membrane fluidity and membrane potential of HaCaT cell.
9.Bioactivity of sol-gel derived apatite/wollastonite porous bioactive glass-ceramic
Weizhong YANG ; Chengxin ZHOU ; Bin XIAO ; Guangfu YIN ; Dali ZHOU
Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research 2006;10(9):185-187
BACKGROUND: Apatite-wollastonite containing glass-ceramic (AWGC) is a kind of good bone repairing materials with excellent bioactivity, which is prepared by traditional melting process.OBJECTIVE: To observe AWGC prepared with sol-gel method and its bioactivity.DESIGN: Design experiment of materials process and in vitro bioactivity experiment.SETTING: College of materials science and Engineering of Sichuan University.MATERIALS: AWGC.METHODS: This experiment was conducted at the laboratory of College of Materials Science and Engineering of Sichuan University between August 2002 and May 2003. AWGC was prepared from sol-gel and followed by heattreating process. Bioactivity was investigated in vitro by immersing in the simulate body fluid (SBF) at 37 ℃ for 7 days . JL-1155 laser particle analyzer, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope were used for micro-morphological structure analysis.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①The crystalline structure and microstructure of sol-gel derived glass-ceramic② The apatite forming process in simulate body fluid③ The diameter of the pore of the sol-gel derived apatite/wollastonite glass-ceramicRESULTS: ①Main crystalline phases of the sol-gel derived glass-ceramic materials were hydroxyapatite/fluoroapatite [Ca10(PO4)6(OH, F)] and β-wollastonite[β-CaSiO3]; Microstructure contained many micro-pores of 2-3μ m;② Sol-gel derived AW glass ceramic had excellent bioactivity: plenty of apatite granules were generated on the surface of the material after soaking for 7 days. ③Porous scaffolds possessed good macro-porous structure with the interconnected macro pores of 300-400 μm in diameter;CONCLUSION: Apatite-wollastonite containing glass-ceramic (AWGC)with excellent bioactivity was developed by sol-gel process. The material is expected to be a good candidate for bone-repairing and bone tissue engineering scaffold materials.
10.Analysis of varieties and standards of Composite medicinal plants used in Dai medicine.
Dan-Dan LUO ; Xi-Wen LI ; Xiao-Can ZHANG ; Ting GU ; Hai-Feng LI ; Bao-Zhong DUAN
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2017;42(5):989-997
The study aims to analyze the varieties and standards of compositae medicinal plants used in Dai medicine. The results showed that there were 78 species (including varieties) compositae plants recorded in literatures, which belongs to 63 medicinal materials varieties. And 47 original plants (60.25%) were recorded in Chinese medicinal material standards. In those standards and literatures of Dai medicine, there are great differences in translated Chinese names, original plants, medicinal parts, and efficacy of medicinal plants. Therefore, the variety systematization and the quality standards of Dai medicine should be strengthened.