AIM: To establish the method of determining ginsenoside Rg1 and notoginsenoside R1,and control the quality of Yiqi Gushen Dialysis Liquid(Radix et Rhizoma Notoginseng,Radix Astragali,etc.) METHODS: Sample was pretreated with solid phase extraction using ODS C_13 cartridges.Ginsenoside Rg1 and Notoginsenoside R1 were separated with TLC method.The mobile phase was chloroform-methanol-water(3∶0.8∶0.1),developed twice.The coloration was 10% sulphuric acid ethanol solution.The detection wavelength was 560 nm. RESULTS: The calibration curves for ginsenoside Rg1 and notoginsenoside R1 were A=113.4 C-34.976,(r=0.997),A=92.14 C-13.597,(r=0.997),respectively,the linear ranges were between 2.64-13.2 mg and 0.85-8.5 mg,and the detection limit was 0.88 mg and 0.65 mg,respectively.The average recoveries were 100.31% and 98.72%,respectively.The contents of the sample were between 5.683-5.764mg,1.528-1.599 mg per 10 mL,respectively. CONCLUSION: The proposed method for estimating ginsenoside Rg1 and notoginsenoside R1 is simple,precise,specific,sensitive and accurate and can be used for quality control of Yiqi Gushen Dialysis Liquid.

Objective To investigate the effect of different ratios of ginsenosides(GS) and panax notoginsenosides(PNS),which are extracted from Qi-strengthening herbs of Radix Ginseng and blood-activating herbs of Radix Notoginseng respectively,on rats peritoneal mesothelial cells(PMCs) in peritoneal dialysis solution(PDS).Methods PMCs were isolated from rat peritoneal membrane by trypsin digestion method,and then a stable PMCs culture model was established.PMCs were pre-exposed in 4.25% PDS for 3 hours,and then respectively grew in culture solution with different ratios of GS or PNS for 6 hours.The capacity of proliferation of rat PMCs was assessed by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) assay.Results GS 100?g/mL and PNS 80?g/mL showed protective effect on the proliferation of injured PMCs in PDS(P 0.05).Conclusion The combination of GS and PNS,which are extracted from Qi-strengthening herbs of Radix Ginseng and blood-activating herbs of Radix Notoginseng respectively,exerts certain protective effect on PMCs in peritoneal dialysis solution.

[Objective] To observe the effect of Qi-strengthening and blood-activating method for chronic nephritis (CN). [Methods] One hundred and ten patients with CN were randomized into 2 groups. Group A (n = 60) was treated with symptomatic treatment combined with Qi-strengthening and blood-activating herbs including Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis, Poria, Rhizoma Dioscorease, Fructus Corni, Rhizoma Curculiginis, Herba Lycopi, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Semen Persicae and Flos Carthami. Group B (n = 50) was treated with symptomatic treatment combined with oral use of Bailing Capsule, the principal ingredient of which is fermented Cordyceps powder with the actions of tonifying lung and kidney and invigorating essence and Qi. The treatment course lasted 8 weeks. Total therapeutic effect, and the changes of symptoms, immune function, hemorrheology indexes and urine routine indexes before and after treatment were observed. [Results] The total therapeutic effect was 90.00% in group A, higher than 68.00% in group B (P

Objective To study the Application of X-linked differentially methylated polymorphism site in forensic medicine.Methods X-STR HUMARA was chosen as a model locus.PCR procedures were performed after digestion using methylation-sensitive restriction endonucleases.STR polymorphism of HUMARA was analyzed and compared in samples collected from male and female individuals.Result After digestion with methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme HpaⅡ,no PCR products were obtained from male samples,whereas PCR products from the female samples were normally typed.In monoclonal tumor cell samples from females,only one allele was detected.Conclusion The differentially methylated X-STR HUMARA locus is a novel marker for mixture analysis of mixed stains,sex determination and discrimination of tumor tissues.

Drowning represents one of the leading causes of unnatural death. The plankton test is still considered as one of the useful methods for medico-legal investigation of death by drowning although controversies concerning the reliability of the test exist. The methods commonly used for detection of planktons generally include microscopic examination after tissue samples are destructed with or without strong acid, and detection of the planktons by molecular biological techniques. The evaluation of the positive results by the former methods are limited by the physical-chemical characters of the planktons. Detection of DNA genetic markers by molecular biological techniques, which can provide abundant information and is applicable to studying various planktons, is a novel method helpful for investigation of drowning. In the present paper, several techniques for detection of planktons were reviewed as references for medico-legal practitioners in investigation of suspected cases of drowning.

Objective To develop a simplified bisulfite genomie sequencing(BGS)method for DNA methylation marker scanning.Methods According to modified BGS protocol,the desalt DNA treated with bisulfite were directly used for bisulfite-PCR(BSP)without alkali treatmenL Complement of the bisulfite modification Wag accomplished by a prolonged pre-denaturation stage.After BSP,a second round PCR was performed with a pair of GC tagged primers to adjust the GC content of the amplieon for direct sequencing.To assess this improved protocol,promotor methylation of TNF-α gene in 3T3-L1 cell and androgen receptor(AR)gene in Hela cell was investigated.The real time BSP for Alu was also used to compare the sensitivity of the modified assay with traditional assay.Results Both the hypermethylated TNF-α promotor and hypomethylated AR promotor were successfully sequenced by improved BGS method,and the results were consistent with that of the traditional assay.The conversion rate reached 100%,while the conversion specificity was higher than 93.75%.The sensitivity of improved BGS method inereaged significantly(t=2.978 2,P＜0.05)and showed good reproducibility.Condusion The improved BGS method is simple and sensitive,facilitating more ambitious genomic methyhtion mapping studies.

This study was aimed to observe the clinical effect and quality of life (QOL) of Si-Zi (SZ) powder for hot compress to improve gastrointestinal functions of hemodialysis patients.A total of 60 hemodialysis patients were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group.Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) and QOL of both groups before and after the treatment of SZ powder were compared continuously.The results showed that after intervention,the total relieve rate was 96.7％ in treatment group,and 53.3％ in the control group.The effect of SZ powder group was to obviously improve the gastrointestinal symptoms and QOL (P ＜ 0.05).It was concluded that SZ powder for hot compress can improve gastrointestinal functions and increase QOL of hemodialysis patients.