This study aimed to clarify the factors influencing changes in activities of daily living (ADL) in patients receiving home rehabilitation. The study involved patients receiving home rehabilitation for 6 months between December 2017 and June 2018. There were no exclusion criteria for disease. For 35 patients (21 women; mean age, 77.4 ± 10.4 years), we investigated basic information and measured grip strength, Bedside Mobility Scale (BMS) score, and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) score at baseline and 6 months later. Changes in grip strength, BMS, and FIM between baseline and 6 months were calculated. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing the change in FIM score. Multiple regression analysis extracted the factors of period from onset of main disease, amount of change in grip strength, and amount of change in BMS. The standardized partial regression coefficients were －0.331, 0.353, and 0.320, respectively. The adjusted coefficient of determination was 0.392. Thus, early intervention after onset of main disease, improvement of grip strength, and improvement of BMS score appear to be important to improving ADL after 6 months of home rehabilitation.

Objectives: Increasing activity levels in older people is important for maintaining quality of life and ameliorating the risks of morbidity related to falls, depression, and dementia. This study aimed to clarify the seasonal variation effects on total energy expenditure, number of steps, time spent in low- and moderate- or high-intensity physical activities, and daily activities performed.Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 22 community-dwelling older individuals (3 men, 19 women; mean age, 75.1 ± 7.3 years) living in three districts of Gero, Gifu, who participated in the Gero Salon Project hosted by the Social Welfare Councils. Evaluations were conducted in each season from September 2016 to August 2017. We used a uniaxial accelerometer, the Lifecorder device, which measures physical activity, and the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly to evaluate activities of daily living. Data were analyzed using the multiple comparisons (Bonferroni correction) method.Results: Total energy expenditure and time spent in moderate- or high-intensity activities did not show seasonal variations. However, the lowest number of steps was taken during the winter, and the number of steps increased significantly from winter to spring. The time spent in low-intensity physical activities was significantly longer in the spring and summer than in the winter. There was no significant seasonal difference in total Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly score, leisure activities, domestic activities, or work-related activities. However, there was a significant difference between the summer and winter scores in “outdoor gardening,” with the lowest score observed during the winter.Conclusions: With climate changes in the winter months, “outdoor gardening” becomes difficult, thus decreasing the number of steps taken. Therefore, it is necessary to identify other ways for older people to maintain physical activity during the winter season.