Objective To investigate the effect of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor(α7nAChR) agonist agent PNU282987 on bone cement particles stimulated secretion of inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood monocytes and its molecular mechanism.Methods Mouse peripheral blood monocytes were isolated and the inflammatory response were induced by PMMA particles.TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 concentration in culture supernatant were measured by ELISA.TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA expression were measured by RT-PCR.p-p65, p65, p-JAK2, JAK2, p-STAT3, STAT3, and β-actin expression were detected by Western blot.NF-κB DNA binding activity were measured by ELISA.ResultsAfter stimulation of PMMA particles, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 concentration in culture supernatant was significantly increased(P<0.05), TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA expression was significantly increased (P<0.05), p-p65, p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 expression and NF-κB DNA binding activity was also increased significantly (P<0.05).However, after PNU282987 treatment, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 concentration in culture supernatant decreased(P<0.05), TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA expression decreased in a concentration gradient way(P<0.05), p-p65, p-JAK2 and p-STAT3expression and NF-κB p65 DNA binding activity was also decreased(P<0.05).Conclusions α7nAChR agonist PNU282987 significantly inhibites PMMA bone cement particles induced secretion of inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood monocytes of mice.

Objective To seek an optimal method for the separation,culture of mouse embryonic germ cells (EGCs) in vitro,and to observe the influence of Activated Schwann cells (ASCs)-derived neurotrophins on the differentiation capability of mouse EGCs into neurogenic cells.Methods The gonadal ridges and a few abdominal tissues of the 11-day postcoitum (dpc) mouse embryos were isolated and disaggregated by 0.125％ trypsin-0.02％ EDTA,followed by culture of the mouse EGCs on mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) feeders.Monoclonal formation of the mouse EGCs was observed,and the staining of stage specificity embryo antigen-1 (SSEA-1),alkaline phosphatase (AKP),periodic acid-Schiff staining (PAS) were applied to identify the mouse EGCs.Two groups were divided as followed:mouse EGCs+basic medium (control group) and mouse EGCs+ASCs (experimental group).Immunofluorescence (NeuN,MBP,GFAP)analysis was used to evaluate the neurogenic differentiation of mouse EGCs and then to calculate the statistical positive rates of cell staining.All experimental results were analyzed statistically.Results (1) Identification ofmouse EGCs:Mouse EGCs were characterized by a dome-shaped colony containing a large nucleus and a relatively small amount of cytoplasm.All mouse EGCs were positive staining of SSEA-1,AKP,and PAS;(2)The neural induction of mouse EGCs:After one week induction,there were few round or oval cells with long axon-like processes migrating from the edge of the EGCs clones.3 weeks later,the neurogenic-like cells increased quickly.The results of immunofluorescence (NeuN,MBP,GFAP)staining demonstrated that mouse EGCs could differentiate into neurogenic cells under the influence of ASCs.The positive rate of cell staining was significant.Conclusion In this study,a simple,economical method was applied to successfully separate the mouse EGCs in vitro; mouse EGCs can differentiate into neurogenic cells under the influence of ASCs-derived neurotrophins.

Objective To evaluate the effects of unilateral and bilateral diffusion of cement on osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures treated with percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP). Methods A retrospective case control study was conducted on the clinical data of 127 patients with single segment osteoporosis vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) treated by unilateral puncture PKP between July 2013 and July 2015. According to whether the diffusion of bone cement crossed the median, all cases with OVCF were divided into unilateral and bilateral diffusion groups. The unilateral diffusion group (72 cases) included 29 males and 43 females, with an average age of 69.5 ± 2.6 years (range, 63-76 years). In terms of the injured segment, there were 38 cases of L1, 20 L2, 11 L3, two L4, and one L5. In the unilateral diffusion group, the preoperative visual analog score (VAS) was (7.8 ±0.9) points, the preoperative anterior vertebral height compression ratio was (32.5 ±6. 3)％, and the preoperative Cobb's angle of the injured vertebra was (9.2±1.3)°. The bilateral diffusion group (55 cases) included 22 males and 33 females, with an average age of 71.2 ±2.9 years (range, 61-80 years). In terms of the injured segment, there were 32 cases of L1, 13 L2, six L3, three L4, and one L5. In the bilateral diffusion group, the preoperative VAS was (7.6 ±0. 9)points, the preoperative anterior vertebral height compression ratio was (34.5 ±5.8)％, and the preoperative Cobb's angle of the injured vertebra (9.8± 1.5)°. The VAS, anterior vertebral height compression ratio of the injured vertebra, Cobb's angle of the injured vertebra, and injured and non-injured vertebra refracture 1 month and 1 year after operation were recorded. Results The patients were followed up for 12-16 months (mean, 14.6 ± 0.6 months) in unilateral diffusion group and for 13- 16 months (mean, 15.2 ±0.2 months) in bilateral diffusion group. The VAS score of the unilateral diffusion group was (3.0 ±0.4) points at 1 month after the operation and (2.2±0. 4) points at 1 year after the operation, respectively. The VAS score of the bilateral diffusion group was (2.1 ±0.4) points at 1 month after the operation and (1.5 ± 0.4) points at 1 year after the operation, respectively. The VAS score decreased significantly 1 year after operation compared with that before operation (P ＜0.05), and significant difference was noted between two groups (P ＜0.05). The anterior vertebral height compression ratio of the unilateral diffusion group was (15.2±3.9)％ at 1 month after the operation and (16.3 ±3.4)％ at 1 year after the operation, respectively. The anterior vertebral height compression ratio of the bilateral diffusion group was (15.6±3.5)％ at 1 month after the operation and (16.8 ±3.9)％ at 1 year after the operation, respectively. The Cobb's angle of the injured vertebra of the unilateral diffusion group was (2.9±0.7)° at 1 month after the operation and (3.0±0.6)°at 1 year after the operation, respectively. The Cobb's angle of the injured vertebra of the bilateral diffusion group was (3.0 ± 0.7) ° at 1 month after the operation and (3.2 ± 0.7) ° at 1 year after the operation, respectively. The anterior vertebral height compression ratio and Cobb's angle of the injured vertebra decreased significantly after surgery (P ＜ 0.05), but no statistically significant differences were observed between two groups (P＞0.05). The injured vertebra refracture ratio was 6.9％ in unilateral diffusion group and 0 in bilateral diffusion group. The non-injured vertebra refracture ratio was 5.6％ in unilateral diffusion group and 5.5％ in bilateral diffusion group. No nerve root injury, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, pulmonary embolism, anaphylactic shock and postoperative infection were found in the two groups. Paravertebral bone cement leakage occurred in two cases of the unilateral diffusion group and anterior vertebral bone cement leakage occurred in one case of the bilateral diffusion group. Conclusion Compared with unilateral diffusion, bilateral diffusion of bone cement has better analgesic effect and can reduce the incidence of re fracture of injured vertebra, without increasing the risk of re-fracture of the non-injured vertebrae.

ObjectiveTo observe the effects of Internet plus continuous rehabilitation nursing on older patients after lumbar fusion. MethodsFrom January, 2018 to August, 2021, 157 older patients after transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) in Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing General Hospital were retrospectively studied. A total of 66 patients accepting routine continuous rehabilitation nursing care were as control group, and 91 patients accepting internet plus continuous rehabilitation nursing care were as intervention group. They were assessed with Visual Analog Scale for pain (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Huaxi Emotional-distress Index (HEI) and Adult Health Self-management Skill Rating Scale (AHSMSRS) before, and one and three months after intervention. The compliance and nursing satisfaction were investigated with self-made questionnaire three months after intervention, and the postoperative complications were recorded. ResultsA total of 148 patients finished follow-up of three months, including 61 patients for the control group and 87 patients for the intervention group. The VAS, ODI, HEI and AHSMSRS scores improved in both groups one and three months after intervention (F > 85.4, P < 0.001), and improved more in the intervention group than in the control group (|t| > 3.645, P < 0.001). Both the compliance and nursing satisfaction were better in the intervention group than in the control group (χ² > 5.478, P < 0.05), and no postoperative complication was observed in both groups. ConclusionInternet plus continuous rehabilitation nursing can promote the recovery of function, pain and psychological emotion, ability of self-management, compliance, and nursing satisfaction.

OBJECTIVETo compare the related clinical outcomes of total disc replacement (TDR) versus fusion in management of lumbar degenerative disc disease (LDDD)and provide available basis for choice of surgical procedure.

METHODSComputer systematically researched PubMed,EMBase, COCHRANE Library, CBMWin, CNKI, VIP databases for randomized controlled trials comparing TDR and fusion for LDDD. Data were searched until October 2013. The available statistical data was extracted after methodological assessment. The statistical soft RevMan 5.1 was used to analyze the results.

RESULTSTotal 1 658 cases of patients in 6 studies were conducted, including 543 cases of fusion and 1 115 cases of TDR. The results of Meta-analysis showed that TDR was superior to fusion in term of visual analogue scale (VAS) (OR = -3.33, 95%CI:-5.94--0.71, P = 0.01) , Oswestry disability index (ODI) (OR = -5.21, 95%CI:-7.51--2.92, P = 0.00) , complication (OR = 0.45, 95%CI:0.21-0.95, P = 0.04) . There were no statistically difference regarding operating time, blood loss and reoperation (P > 0.05). However, there was no difference in term of complication in two-year and five-year sub-analysis.

CONCLUSIONRegardless TDR may be more effective comparable to lumbar fusion at the immediate postoperative time, vigorous evidence is still requisite to certify the result in long-term follow-up.

Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ; surgery ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Spinal Fusion ; methods ; Total Disc Replacement ; Treatment Outcome