Objective] From the analysis of Zhu Danxi's life with its clinical diagnosis treatment characteristics, in order to learn, inherit Zhu's academic thought essence and clinical characteristics of diagnosis and treatment. [Method] Danxi Xinfa, Gezhi Yu, golden hook on Xuan, pulse, because treatment contained case as the foundation, combined with his classic discussion and academic thoughts, this case's treatment after diagnosis and treatment, and a comprehensive analysis of its characteristics and the implication behind the academic thought. [Results] The clinical diagnosis and treatment analysis of Zhu has simple effect, using ginseng rhizome; diagnosis and treatment, good physique differentiation of Qi and blood deficiency, the similarities and differences;using four Jun Siwu;the main and col ateral channels disease, fine trial of yin and Yang and the characteristics. Zhu Danxi was good at Yin on treatment, and miscel aneous duties in the Qi, blood, phlegm, stagnation and other academic thoughts. [Conclusion] Zhu Danxi with concise and comprehensive, distinctive features, if deeply analyzing cases with Zhu life classic discussion and academic features, we can have a more profound understanding of the clinical diagnosis and treatment rules and characteristics, to pass its characteristics, enhance the ability of clinical diagnosis and treatment of disease.

Objective To study the value of CT scan in diagnosis and clinical therapy of thyroid diseases.Methods CT findings in 61 cases with various thyroid diseases confirmed pathologically were analyzed retrospectively.Results ① 9 patients were Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.Of them,5 cases were diffuse lesions and 4 localized at one enlarged lobe and 1 with calcification.② 28 cases with hyperplasia included 2 Graves disease of diffuse lesions with enlargement and 26 nodular hyperplasia.There were calcification in 8 and cystic change in 13.③ 24 cases of thyroid tumor included 14 thyroid adenomas with complete circumscribed enhanced ring around the lesion,10 of them were in company with cystic change and 4 with calcification.13 cases were single lesion and one case was mattiple lesions.10 thyroid carcinoma,3 cases were in company with cystic change and 7 with calcification.Metastasis of cervical lymph nodus was found by CT in 7 cases.Metastatic lymph nodes presented marked enhancement,cystic change and calcification.Conclusion CT scan both plain and contrast-enhanced are beneficial for the detection of thyroid diseases,and is also important for planning the management and predicting the prognosis of this disease.

Objective To discuss the mechanism and characteristics of clinic presentation and neuropathology in idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (IHES) encephalopathy. Methods IHES encephalopathy was diagnosed by clinical presentations,lab examinations,neurologic images,marrow and brain biopsy,then treated with corticosteroids and continuous follow-up. Results The IHES patient presented progressive limbs weakness and cognitive deficit with elevated eosinophil count. Results of lab examinations and bone marrow biopsy ruled out secondary eosinophilia and clonal eosinophilia such as eosinophilic leukemia.Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study showed multiple lesions in right frontal lobe, bilateral parietal and occipital lobe, presenting hypointensity in T1 weighted images,hyperintensity in T2 and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery weighed images. Brain biopsy showed proliferation of vascular membrane,small vessels stenosis,ischemia-induced morphological change and necrosis of neurons in the lesions.The patient was continuously treated with corticosteroids,and the situation was stabilized with follow-up.Conclusions IHES encephalopathy should be paid more attention in clinical practice of neurologists for its rarity. Brain vascular damages caused by elevated eosinophil may be an important pathophysiological mechanism of IHES encephalopathy,and corticosteroids or hydroxycarbamide should be used for the treatment.

OBJECTIVE In this study,the effects of live Lactobacillus murinus(L.m)and heat-killed L.muri-nus(H-k L.m)on DA neuronal damage in rats and the underlying mechanisms were investigated.METHODS Male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups:vehicle group,L.m/H-k L.m(1×109 cfu)group,6-OHDH group,6-OHDH + L.m/H-k L.m(1×107 cfu)group,and 6-OHDH + L.m/H-k L.m(1×109 cfu)group.Wild-type and NLRP3 knockout mice were divided into three groups:sham(vehicle),6-OHDH,and 6-OHDH + H-k L.m(1×109 cfu).The model was established after five weeks of pre-administration.Motor ability of experimental mice was assessed by rotarod,mine,and stepping experiments;the expression of dopaminergic neuron markers—tyro-sine hydroxylase(TH),microglial cell markers—ionized calnexin 1(IBA-1),and NOD-like receptor family protein 3(NLRP3)in the substantia nigra was detected by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence experi-ments.The expression changes of TH,IBA-1,NLRP3,apoptosis-associated microparticle protein(ASC),cas-pase 1,and inflammatory factors such as interleukin-1β(IL-1β),IL-18,and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)were detected by immunoblotting experiments.RESULTS H-k L.m ameliorated 6-OHDH-induced motor dysfunctions and loss of substantia nigra DA neurons,while no protec-tion was shown in live L.m treatment.At the same time,H-k L.m reduced the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in microglia and the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors,thus inhibiting the development of neuroinflammation.Fur-thermore,H-k L.m failed to display its original neuropro-tective properties in NLRP3 inflammasome knockout mice.CONCLUSION H-k L.m conferred neuroprotec-tion against DA neuronal loss via the inhibition of microglial NLRP3 inflammasome activation,these findings provide a promising potential for future applications of L.m,and also beneficial strategy for PD treatment.

Five new racemic N-acetyldopamine (NADA) trimers, asponchimides A-E (1-5), were isolated from Aspongopus chinensis, a prominent traditional Chinese medicinal insect employed for alleviating pain, treating indigestion, and addressing kidney ailments. Compounds 1-5 were successfully resolved by chiral high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), yielding five pairs of enantiomers: (+)- and (-)-asponchimides A-E (1a/1b-5a/5b). Their structural identities were discerned by extensive spectroscopic analyses, including high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and their absolute configurations were determined by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compounds 1-5 are pioneering instances of NADA trimers featuring a Δ⁷ double bond. When subjected to a series of bioassays, a majority of the compounds exhibited weak inhibitory activity against nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells.
Molecular Structure ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Dopamine ; Nitric Oxide