Objective To observe the outcomes of satellite ganglion block(SGB)via posterior edge of stcmoclcidomastoid approach.Methods SGB was performed in 2 400 patients,who wererandomly divided into two groups with l 200 cases each.The puncture of SGB in group SPA was via posterior edge of sternocleidomastoid approach and that in group TPA via traditional paratracheal approac}L The same local anesthetics was used in two groups.The success rate(Horner'S syndrome appearance)and complications were compared.Results The success rate was higher in group SPA than that in group TPA(97% VS.92%)(P<0.05).Repeated puncture was needed in 16 cases ingroup SPA,which were less than 98 cases in group TPA(P<0.05).Laryngeal nerve block wasoccurred in 24 cases in group SPA.which were less than 37 cases in group TPA(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared to the traditional paratracheal approach,SGB via posterior edge ofsternocleidomastoid approach has the advantages of clear positioning,easy puncture,higher success rate and less complications.

It has been reported that celastrus orbiculatus has anti-cancer activities. The mechanism mainly lies in its functions of inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, inducing tumor cell apoptosis, repressing tumor angiogenesis, and reversing tumor multidrug resistance, etc. To study the material basis of its anti-cancer pharmacodynamics and the mechanism of tumor inhibition has significant meanings and a wide application perspective.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of anisodamine (Ani) injection on the survival rate and histologic result of flaps with ischemia-reperfusion injury, so as to demonstrate the protective effect of Ani on the flap survival.

METHODSA total of 48 healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into model control, normal saline(NS) and anisodamine groups, with 16 rats in each group. An 3 cm x 6 cm axial flap was formed at the right lower abdomen with abdominal superficial blood vessel as the pedicle. 0.5 cm x 0.5 cm skin tissue was taken from the middle part of flaps in each group, immediately after operation, 12, 18, 24 h after operation. The superoxide dismutase (SOD), nitric oxide (NO), nuclear factor-kappaB contents in the specimens were detected. The histologic study was also performed. The flap survival rate was recorded 7 days after operation.

RESULTSFlap survival rate was (78.6 +/- 7.3) % in Anisodamine group. 12, 18, 24 h after reperfusion injury, the SOD was (103.3 +/- 3.9), (82.6 +/- 3.8), (67.5 +/- 4.6) U/mg; the NO was (5.33 +/- 2.05), (4.75 +/- 1.68), (4.15 +/-1.59) nmol/mg; the NF-kappaB was 0.211 +/- 0.039, 0.313 +/- 0.033, 0.096 +/- 0.028. The contents of SOD, NO and NF-kappaB had the statistical difference of at different time. The skin pathological changes in Anisodamine group was obviously better than those in NS group. Flap survival rate in Anisodamine group was significantly higher than that in NS group.

CONCLUSIONSIn the flap with ischemia-reperfusion injury, Anisodamine can reduce the damage of free radical, increase the blood flow, reduce the production of NF-KB, decrease inflammatory reaction. So Anisodamine can increase the survival rate of flaps with ischemia reperfusion injury.

Animals ; Graft Survival ; drug effects ; Male ; NF-kappa B ; analysis ; Nitric Oxide ; analysis ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reperfusion Injury ; prevention & control ; Solanaceous Alkaloids ; therapeutic use ; Superoxide Dismutase ; analysis ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; pathology ; Vasodilator Agents ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVEWe aim to evaluate the cytotoxicity and antibacterial effects of Silagum-Comfort (SLC) silicone-based soft liner varnish containing Ag/TiO2 in vitro.

METHODSSilicone-based liner circular specimens, with a diameter of 10 mm and a thickness of 2 mm, were created and divided into six groups randomly. Ag/TiO2 was incorporated into the SLC varnish based on the agent/material weight rate of 0, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, and 2.5%. The mixed varnish was used to polish the SLC specimens. Antibacterial specimens (ATSLC) were created. Methyl thiazolyl diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay method was used to evaluate the 3T3 cell cytotoxicity of ATSLC in vitro. Surface roughness (Ra) measurements of ATSLC were obtained. The antibacterial effect of ATSLC on Candida albicans was examined using the pelliclesticking method.

RESULTSThe cytotoxicity of ATSLC was graded from 0 to 2. The Ra of ATSLC increased when Ag/TiO2 agent concentration increased. However, the differences were not statistically significant compared with the 0 group. With increasing Ag/TiO2 concentration, the antibacterial agent concentration and the antibacterial rate of ATSLC also increased. When the Ag/TiO2 antibacterial agent concentration reached 2.0% and 2.5%, the antibacterial rate increased to 97.5% and 96.5, respectively.

CONCLUSIONVarnish containing Ag/TiO2 has excellent antibacterial effect and can significantly improve the antibacterial effect of silicone-based soft liner.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Candida albicans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Paint ; Silicones ; Titanium

Adult ; Biopsy ; CD3 Complex ; metabolism ; DNA Nucleotidylexotransferase ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Biphenotypic, Acute ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymph Nodes ; metabolism ; pathology ; Neck ; PAX5 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; metabolism ; pathology

Objective To determine the dose-response relationship of 0.2％ ropivacaine for ultrasoundguided stellate ganglion block (SGB).Methods Seventy-five ASA physical status [or Ⅱ patients with migraine,aged 23-55 yr,with body mass index of 22-28 kg/m2,scheduled for elective ultrasound-guided SGB,were randomly divided into R1-5 groups (n =15 each) using a random number table.In R1,R2,R3,R4 and R5 groups,the patients underwent ultrasound-guided SGB with 0.2％ ropivacaine 1,2,3,4 and 5 ml,respectively.A successful SGB block was confirmed by the onset of ptosis (Horner syndrome) on the injected side.Probit analysis was used to calculate the effective dose of 0.2 ％ ropivacaine in 50 ％ and 95 ％ of the patients (ED50 and ED95) and 95％ confidence interval (95％ CI).Results The ED50 of 0.2％ ropivacaine for ultrasound-guided SGB was 2.2 ml (95％CI 1.9-2.5 ml) and ED95 was 3.2 ml (95％CI 2.8-4.1 ml).Conclusion The ED50 and ED95 of 0.2％ ropivacaine for ultrasound-guided SGB are 2.2 and 3.2 ml,respectively.

AIM:To discuss the technique for preparing high-purity solanesol from tobacco. METHODS:The pre-treated tobacco leaves were extracted with mixed solvent of petroleum ether and ethanol,and saponified to obtain solanesol extract; The solanesol extract got through redissolution and dewaxing,then crystallized in the temperatare of -18 ℃; Finally purified by macroporous resin(YPR-Ⅱ,D-1300,HZ-816,HZ-802). RESULTS:The ratio of mixed solvent of petroleum ether and ethanol was 1 ∶ 4,ratio of liquid to materials was 1 ∶ 12,solanesol purity was about 32% after saponification,then crystallization made the purity up to 63. 4% ,finally purified through macroporous resin,the solanesol purity reached above 93. 6%. CONCLUSION:Through the general solvent extraction,saponification,crystallization and macroporous resin adsorption process,the solanesol purity of the product reaches higher than commonly expected values.

Objective To observe the inhibitory effect of the extracts of Nidus Collocaliae on avian influenza A H5N1 virus in vitro. Methods Nidus Collocaliae water extract, artificial gastric juice digestion products of Nidus Collocaliae water extract, and artifitial intestinal juice digestion products of Nidus Collocaliae water extract were prepared for the experimental study. 293T cells transfection in vitro was carried out. The effects of 3 kinds of Nidus Collocaliae extracts on H5N1 pseudovirus and VSV-G pseudovirus were determined by luciferase detection kit. Blood clotting response to erythrocyte hemagglutinin subtypes H5, H7, H9 antigens and the inhibitory effects of 3 kinds of Nidus Collocaliae extracts were observed. The effects of 3 kinds of Nidus Collocaliae extracts on neuraminidase activity were determined by neuraminidase inhibitor screen kit. Results The 3 kinds of Nidus Collocaliae extracts had inhibitory effects on H5N1 avian influenza pseudovirus, the effects being enhanced with the increase of the concentrations of Nidus Collocaliae extracts. Of the 3 extracts, artificial intestinal digestion products had the strongest inhibitory effect, while Nidus Collocaliae water extract had the weakest effect. However, Nidus Collocaliae extracts had no obvious effect on VSV-G pseudovirus. The concentration of H5, H7 antigen for positive blood clotting response was 1 ∶ 128, and that of H9 antigen was 1 ∶ 256. The 3 kinds of Nidus Collocaliae extracts at certain concentrations could inhibit blood clotting response to H5, H7, H9 antigen, but had no obvious effect on neuraminidase. Conclusion The anti-H5N1 virus effect of Nidus Collocaliae extracts has been achieved probably through resisting hemagglutinin.

Objective To observe the effects of Xifeng Tongnao capsules on the content of TNF-α and IL-1β in brain tissue of rats with focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods A total of 120 adult SD rats were randomized into 6 groups: Xifeng Tongnao low-, middle- and high-dose groups, model control group, Buchang Naoxintong group and sham-operated group.Buchang Naoxintong group were treated with Buchang Naoxintong capsules at 0.864 g??kg-1.Xifeng Tongnao high-, middle-and low-dose groups were treated with 3.456, 1.728, and 0.864 g??kg-1 Xifeng Tongnao capsules, respectively;sham-operated group and model control group were treated with equal volume of purified water. Medications were administered intragastrically once daily for 7 days. The acute transient focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion ( MCAO) 1 h after the final dose, and rats in the sham-operated group only received anesthesia and stripping without occlusion.All rats were sacrificed after reperfusion for 24 h, and expression levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the brain tissue were detected by ELISA. Results TNF-αcontent in Xifeng Tongnao capsutes low-, middle-and high-dose groups were (35.34±8.95), (33.75±6.92), and (40.95±5.39) ng??L-1, respectively.IL-1β content were (1.44±0.47), (1.45± 0.23), and (1.61±0.33) ng??L-1 in low-, middle- and high-dose groups, respectively.TNF-α and IL-1β were (38.96±9.84) and (1.56±0.31) ng??L-1, respectively in Buchang Naoxintong group, (52.74±6.76) and (2.79±0.45) ng??L-1in the model control group, and (32.54±4.00) and (1.32±0.22) ng??L-1 in sham-operated group.TNF-αand IL-1βcontent were significantly higher in Buchang Naoxintong group than in sham-operated group ( P<0. 05 ) . TNF-α and IL-1β content were significantly decreased in Xifeng Tongnao high-, middle- and low-dose groups (all P<0.05). Conclusion Xifeng Tongnao capsules can protect brain tissue by supressing TNF-α and IL-1β and alleviating inflammatory injury from ischemia.

Objective:To study the effects of compound preparation of Fanshiliu on lipid metabolism and pancreatic pathological changes in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)rats with insulin resistance. Methods:After fed with high-calorie food for 8 weeks,the rats received intraperitoneal injection with low dose of streptozotocin(STZ)to induce T2DM animal model,and then the rats were randomly divided into the model group,metformin group,high and low dose group of compound preparation of Fanshiliu. The normal group was given ordinary feed. The rats were sacrified after intragastric administration for six weeks,and fasted for 12 hours after the last administration. The lipid and lipoprotein indices were detected,and pathological morphology of pancreatic tissue was observed. Results:Compared with those in the model group,TC,TG,LDL-C and FFA in each treatment group were reduced,and HDL-C was increased(P < 0. 05). Fanshiliu high dose group and metformin group had obvious hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering effects. The results of pathological morphology of pancreatic tissue under a light microscope showed that the damage was the most obvious in the model group. Compound preparation of Fanshiliu groups and metformin group showed damage in varying degrees. Conclusion:Fanshiliu preparation can effectively adjust blood lipid levels,enhance the insulin sensitivity and reduce damage in pancreas in T2DM rats.