Sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) refers to the percentage of DNA strand breaks in the total sperm. Many studies suggest that elevated DFI can lead to male infertility and early spontaneous abortion. High-DFI patients are more likely to fail in assisted reproduction and preliminary treatment or prevention methods have been developed for this population. This review focuses on the impact of DFI on clinical pregnancy outcomes and progress in the studies of its treatment.
Abortion, Spontaneous ; Chromatin ; DNA Fragmentation ; Female ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic ; Spermatozoa

Objective To investigate the fatigue experience of the community-dwelling frail elderly to establish the conceptual model.Methods Grounded theory was adopted.With MAXQDA v10.4.15.1for 3 levels coding,the conceptual model of fatigue experience of community-dwelling frail elderly people was structured through constant comparison and in-depth analysis.Results Multi-response,selfmanagement,safe and belonging,hitting rock bottom,accepting and transferring formed the conceptual model.Conclusions Based on the conceptual model,nurses should pay more attention to concern about the fatigue experience of community-dwelling frail elderly people,and probe different assessment methods to enrich comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA),then improve the community health service level and the quality of elderly people's life.

A comprehensive analysis was carried out about the influencing factors of medication safety in the elderly with multiple chronic diseases,who lived in the community and stayed at their own homes.Applicable and simple preventive countermeasures should be established to ensure the medication safety outside medical agency.We should promote extending service of hospitals,cooperate with community and nursing facility in order to increase life quality of the elderly,and supply reference for professional continuous service model including rapid aging,empty nest with advanced age,disability and dementia and elderly people with chronic diseases.

Objective To explore the opportunities and challenges which COC (continuity of care) has been facing,some strategies were proposed and improved continuously during the process of deepening medical reform in public hospital,and at the same time to supply reference for government to make relative policy.Methods By SWOT-analysis,the strengths,weaknesses,opportunities as well as threats of COC in medical reform were analyzed comprehensively.Results Depending on national relevant policies,supportive measures,the cooperation from multidisciplinary team was improved.Along with strategies of strengthening advantages,weakening disadvantages,meeting challenges and facing up to threat.COC had be approved and consented initially.Conclusions Public hospitals should demonstrate their various resources and make full use of their advantages,then guide and solid grass-roots in the new healthcare system which integrate medical,rehabilitation and elderly nursing out of the hospital.It must benefit the hospital,specialized subject,family and society.

Objective To explore the role of pancreatic cancer-derived microvesicles (MV) and their enclosed microRNAs (miRNA) in the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer induced diabetes mellitus (DM).Methods The supernatants of three pancreatic cancer cell lines SW1990, BxPC3 and PANC1 were collected, and MV were isolated with gradient centrifugation.The entrance of MV into pancreatic islet cell line MIN6 was proved by Western blot assay and fluorescence-label method.The miRNA-19a levels were measured in MV and MV-free supernatants of three pancreatic cancer cells lines.The three experimental groups were MIN6 cells separately treated by MV derive from SW1990, BxPC3 and PANC1, and untreated MIN6 cells were assigned to the control group.The miRNA-19a levels as well as changes of glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) were measured.Afterward, pre-miRNA-19a and anti-miRNA-19a were transfected into MIN6 cells by liposome, and the effects of them on GSIS were observed.Results CD63 and AGO2 as the protein markers of MV and the entrance of MV from pancreatic cancer into pancreatic islet cell line MIN6 were detected by Western blotting.The miRNA-19a levels in MV and MV-free supernatants of SW1990, BxPC3 and PANC1 were (132.7±16.0), (32.8±4.3), (78.4±8.9),(22.6±3.3), (63.3±12.0) and (23.3±3.3) pmol/L, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (t=10.44, 10.12 and 5.56,all P＜0.01).Compared to the MIN6 control group, the miRNA-19a levels of MIN6 treated by MV from SW1990, BxPC3 and PANC1 significantly increased, and the 2-△△Ctvalue was 2.02 ± 0.50, 1.80 ± 0.41 and 2.11 ± 0.59, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (t=2.97, 2.77, 2.84;all P＜0.05).Stimulated with high glucose, the GSIS of pancreatic islet cells treated by SW1990, BxPC3 and PANC1 in three groups decreased, which were (103.73±16.49), (141.17±11.26), and (138.24±13.97) ng · mg protein-1 · h-1 MV, respectively, and that of control group was (256.24 ± 33.05) ng · mg protein-1 · h-1.The differences were statistically significant (t=4.13, 3.30 and 3.29, all P＜0.05).Compared with control group, GSIS of pre-miRNA-19a treated MIN6 remarkably decreased, which was (126.17± 62.87) ng · mg protein-1 ·h-1 and (316.72±91.87) ng · mg protein-1 · h-1 , and the difference was statistically significant (t=2.97, P＜0.05).GSIS of MIN6 cells transfected with anti-miRNA-19a was higher than that of control group, which was (697.47±77.62) ng · mg protein 1 · h-1 and (355.33 ±84.77) ng · mg protein-1 ·h-1 , and the difference was statistically significant (t=-2.97,P＜0.05).Conclusion The entrance of MV derived from pancreatic cancer into pancreatic islet cell line MIN6 may cause the dysfunction of insulin secretion an important signaling molecules, miRNA-19a.

Objective To investigate the histological changes of rapid tooth movement in dogs treated by resistance reduction and distraction osteogenesis, aiming to establish an animal model and further to reveal the remodeling mechanism of rapid tooth movement. Methods A total of 8 local hybrid dogs were selected as subjects for this study. The second pre-molar was extracted on both sides. The experimental side underwent alvelor surgery for resistance reduction and a home-made tooth-borne intraoral distraction device was installed for rapid tooth movement, while for the other side (control side) only tooth-borne intraoral distraction device was used for rapid tooth movement. The longest active force-delivery span was 2 weeks, followed by 6-week retention. The distance between the moved tooth and anchor unit was recorded weekly, and radiography was performed for each side before and after distraction. The surrounding tissues including periodontal ligament and alveolar bone were sectioned for histological analysis. Results The average distance of tooth movement was 3.55mm on the experimental side and 1.11mm on the control side. The rate of tooth movement was notably higher (P<0.01) and no significant apical root resorption was detected by X-ray on the experimental side. The active alvelor bone remodeling was found on the tension and pressure sides. However, there was no significant difference between the experimental side and the control side after the retention period. Conclusion The rate of orthodontic tooth movement can be accelerated through resistance reduction and periodontal distraction without any unfavorable effects but at minimal anchorage loss.

Chemotherapy completion rate can reflect the tolerance and compliance of patients to chemotherapy. Poor tolerance may result in delay or suspension of the comprehensive treatment plan, thus affect the efficacy of cancer treatment. Evaluating methods to improve the completion rate of chemotherapy and reduce the occurrence of delayed chemotherapy has gained increasing attention and is the significant area of study in the field of cancer treatment. Studies have shown that Chinese medicine combined with chemotherapy could improve the quality of life in patients with stage IIIB/IV non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

BACKGROUND: The maximal problem of patient with serious hepatitis and surgical doctor is whether they can get donator and rational therapy timely. Looking for the suitable preoperative therapy method to enhance the success rate of operation and improve patient's prognosis is the focus of this domain.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the therapeutic effect of artificial liver support system (ALSS) combining with allotransplantation of the liver on patients with serious hepatitis.DESIGN: Retrospective case analysis. SETTING: Organ Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University.PARTICIPANTS: Five male patients with serious hepatitis who underwent allograft liver transplantation were selected from Organ Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University form June 2004 to May 2005. Their age ranged from 25 to 48 years. Inclusion criteria: The diagnosis was in accordance with phase standard established at the National Infectious Disease and Parasitology Academic Meeting in September 2000; all patients had signs of routine liver transplantation; their patients fiercely requested the operation.METHODS: Plasma exchange (PE) combined with continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) technique was used in this study. Donor who supplied lives was from 20-38-year patients. All of them and their family agreed to donate their organ and signed the donate file before operation. All of 5 patients were used classical no-by-pass orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: They were follow-up visited for 21-32 months for rechecking liver and kidney function,RESULTS: All of 5 patients' operation was succeeded. One continued coma postoperative and his serum creatinine and urea nitrogen raised up progressively and complicated by pulmonary infection 1 week after operation and died 2 weeks after operation although given medical treatment hemodialysis positively. The rest recovered well. All of them discharged one month after operation smoothly.CONCLUSION: Allotransplantation of the liver is an utilizable method to treat serious hepatitis. ALSS can be used as an effective method of supportive treatment preoperatively.

Objective To explore the immunomodulatory effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25 (OH)2D3) in the treatment of experimental colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in mice.Methods According to random number table,thirty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group,model group,low dose,moderate dose,and high dose intervention group.Mice of model group,low dose,moderate dose and high dose intervention group drank 5％ DSS solution for seven days to create colitis model.On the 1st,3rd,5th,7th day,the mice of low dose,moderate dose and high dose intervention group were intraperitoneal injected with low,moderate,and high dose of 1,25(OH)2D3 (50,100 and 200 ng/each mouse,respectively).Mice of control group and model group were intraperitoneal injected with sterile soybean oil as control.The observed indicators included disease activity index (DAI) and colonic histopathological score (HPS).On the 8th day,all mice were sacrificed.The expression of interferon (IFN)-γ,interleukin (IL-17) and IL-21 in mice colon tissues and spleens at mRNA and protein level were measured by reverse transcription-polymerose chain reaction (RT-PCR) and flow cytometry,respectively.The data were analyzed by one way ANOVA.LSD-test or Tamhane test were performed for comparison in groups.Results Compared with the control group,the DAI and colitis HPS of mice in the model group significantly increased (0.33±0.52 vs 7.33±1.03,0.17±0.41 vs 12.00±0.63).Compared with the model group,the DAI and colonic HPS of intervention groups treated with 1,25 (OH)2 D3 declined with varying degrees (2.83 ± 0.40,2.83±0.75,2.33±0.52 and 10.83±0.98,7.50±0.84,6.67±0.52,LSD-t=0.39 and 0.41,all P＜0.01).The expression of IFN-γ,IL-17 and IL-21 of the model group were significantly higher than those of the control group.The expressions of IFN-γ,IL-17 and IL-21 of intervention group were signifiantly lower than that of the model group (mRNA:LSD-t =0.12,0.13,0.09; protein:F =20.61,22.46,4.80,all P＜0.01).Conclusion 1,25 (OH)2D3 might have a direct role on T-cell phenotype,down-regulate effective cytokines IFN-γ,IL-17 and IL-21 and then play an interventional role.

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship of TCM type with serum level of soluble CD44v6 (sCD44v6) and different histologic parameters in gastric carcinoma patients and to observe the influence of Weitai capsule (WTC) on the sCD44v6 expression.

METHODSTCM typing and sCD44v6 expression were determined in all the enrolled patients (30 in the control and 32 in the trial group) before operation, and 3-4 courses of chemotherapy was applied to them from 3-4 weeks after operation. To the patients of trial group, oral administration of WTC was given additionally with 4 capsules, 3 times a day for consecutive 3 months.

RESULTSsCD44v6 was significantly positive correlated with the degree of cancer cell differentiation, infiltration and lymph node metastasis; (2) Level of sCD44v6 was the highest in patients of blood stasis type, as compared with that in the patients of Pi-deficiency type or of damp-heat type, the difference was significant; (3) After ending treatment, level of sCD44v6 in the trial group was significantly lower than that in the control group.

CONCLUSION(1) Serum level of sCD44v6 could be taken as the criterion for evaluating the development and prognosis of gastric cancer, as well as the therapeutic target for anti-metastasis treatment; (2) Serum level of sCD44v6 is related to some extent with TCM type of blood stasis and Pi-deficiency; (3) WTC combined with chemotherapy could further inhibit the expression of serum sCD44v6 in gastric carcinoma patients.

Adenocarcinoma ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; therapeutic use ; Capsules ; Cell Adhesion ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Glycoproteins ; blood ; Humans ; Hyaluronan Receptors ; blood ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Stomach Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; immunology