The qualitative and quantitative analysis on traditional Chinese medicine and formula components can be made by chemical and instrumental analysis methods. Of both, the instrumental analysis methods play a dominant role, including HPLC, HPLC-MS, HPLC-NMR, GC, GC-MS, biochemical and biological effect. But because traditional Chinese medicines and formula have complicated components, chemical methods are so unspecific that they shall be used less or with caution. While instrumental analysis methods are so specific that they are appropriate for analyzing complicated single component. The analysis techniques for multiple components of traditional Chinese medicines and formula focus on fingerprints, but all of these analysis techniques are limited by the pre-requisite of separation and the lack of general-purpose detectors and therefore being hard to realize the determination of all components of traditional Chinese medicines and formula. In the natural world, however, organisms identify native and alien components through specificity and non-specificity of clusters decided by antigens and antibodies. For example, components of traditional Chinese medicines are directly or indirectly synthesized into antigens and injected into animals, in order to generate specific antibodies and then collect cross reaction information of these components to specific antibodies. As for components without cross reaction, their contents shall be directly read out on the basis of the inhibition rate curve of competitive reaction for specificity of antigens and antibodies. Besides, a cross inhibition rate matrix shall be established first, and them a multiple regression linear equation between cross component concentration or concentration logarithm and inhibition rate by labeling the immunity competitive reaction between antibodies and haptens of traditional Chinese medicine and compound components, and then solved to obtain concentration of each component. The two results are combined to establish the synthetic immunity chip method for traditional Chinese medicine and formula components.
Animals ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; High-Throughput Screening Assays ; methods ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; methods ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; chemistry

We constructed a His-tagged prokaryotic expression vector of WUSCHEL gene of Arabidopsis thaliana, pET-31b(+)-WUS-His(6). The induction condition of the fusion protein expression in Escherichia coli was optimized. After purified by affinity chromatography, the recombinant WUS protein was resolved by renaturation of gradient urea dialysis, then used as antigen to immune rabbit to prepare polyclonal antibody. The rabbit anti-WUS antibody titer and specificity were analyzed and confirmed by agarose immunodiffusion testing; the antiserum sensitivity was assayed by dot blot and Western blotting. The results showed that the A. thaliana WUS prokaryotic expression vector was successfully constructed, and the optimized protein expression induction condition in E. coli was 0.5 mmol/L IPTG (isopropy-beta-D-thiogalactoside) at 28 degrees C for 10 hours. The purity of the affinity purified protein was higher than 96%, and the prepared polyclonal antibody was with high specificity and sensitivity, it was able to detect protein antigen at ng level.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Arabidopsis ; genetics ; Arabidopsis Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Chromatography, Affinity ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Homeodomain Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Plant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Rabbits ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology

Objective To investigate the effect of the bletilla striata polysaccharide on the expression of ovarian vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and serum malondialdehyde(MDA)and endometrial morphology in rat during perimenopause period.Methods The animal model of perimenopause rats was established by unforced aging.A total of 40 female SD rats(12~14 months old)were randomly divid-ed into four groups:Chinese medicine low(0.5 g/kg),medium(1 g/kg),high(2 g/kg) dosage group and the elder model group.The rats were given with corresponding drugs for 8 weeks.The content changes of ovarian VEGF protein was detected by western blot;serum MDA con-tent was detected by thiobarbituric acid;the morphology of endometrium in rats was observed by HE staining.Results Eight weeks later, compared with the elder model group,the VEGF protein expression in Chinese medicine low,medium,high dosage group increased,the serum MDA content in Chinese medicine low,medium,high,dosage group reduced,the differences were statistically significant( P<0.01),with dose dependence.Endometrial thickening and glandular increasing with the increase of dose.Conclusion Bletilla striata polysaccharide can upregulate the expression of VEGF protein,and down regulate the level of serum MDA,which improves the uterine function so as to delay the process of perimenopause in rats.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)have become the most widely used drugs in tumor immunotherapy, with ipilimumab and nivolumab as their representatives.However, the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors has brought about many immune-related adverse events, of which myocarditis is one of the most fatal adverse reactions.The pathogenesis of immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis is not fully understood, mainly involving autoimmune T lymphocyte infiltration, regulatory T-cell dysfunction, cytokines, autoantibody production, genetic factors, the gut microbiome, etc.The treatment and management of immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis require concerted efforts of multidisciplinary experts.

Objective To develop data management system for ethics committee (EC) and to implement computerization management of ethics committee members and active protocols.Methods The EC database was constructed on Windows operating platform by means of Access software,which was used to manage active protocols and related data.Results and conclusion The EC database provided a good user interface,and had the advantages of convenient data processing,great amount of storage of information,rapid inquiry,timely tracking and management of accompanying quality control,which serves as a great support for EC.

Objective To explore whether the pattern of dysphagia verified using videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) was associated with the Iocation of the infarction in stroke patients.Methods Ninety-two patients with dysphagia (admitted between January 2015 and August 2016) who had first onset of cerebral infarction confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging were included in this study.They were divided into a unilateral brainstem group (n =29),a left hemisphere (cortex + white matter) group (n =37) and a right hemisphere (cortex + white matter) group (n=26) according to the location of the stroke.All subjects were evaluated using VFSS,and the oral transit time (OTT),triggering of pharyngeal swallowing (TPS),presence of residue in the vallecular and pyriform sinus,penetration,aspiration,cough reaction and upper esophageal sphincter (UES) opening were recorded and compared among the three groups.Results There were no significant differences among the three groups in OTT (X2 =0.712,P=0.918),TPS (1.564,P =0.458),penetration (X2 =5.615,P=0.060) and cough reaction (X2 =5.882,P=0.053).The unilateral brainstem group had significantly more residue in the vallecular and pyriform sinus than the left hemisphere group (X2=6.508,P=0.011).Aspiration was significantly more frequently found in the unilateral brainstem group than in the left hemisphere group (X2=7.803,P =0.005).The unilateral brainstem group was more likely to have insufficient UES opening than the left hemisphere (X2=29.555,P＜0.001) and right hemisphere groups (X2=24.630,P＜0.001).Conclusions Unilateral brainstem stroke is more likely to cause dysphagia than the unilateral cerebral hemisphere stroke,characterized by the abnormal residue in the vallecular and pyriform sinus,aspiration and the degree of UES opening.No significant differences were found in the dysphagia between stroke survivors with stroke in right and left hemispheres.

Injections for traditional Chinese medicine have over 60 years of history of development and application. In recent years, however, their adverse reactions have been reported one after another. Consequently, studies on screening sensitinogens (sensibiligens) from injections for traditional Chinese medicine have drawn people's attention and become a tough problem all over the world. This essay analyzes the current state of studies on screening techniques of sensitinogens in injections for traditional Chinese medicine according their mechanism of immunotoxicity, and then proposes to adopt the synthetic immunoassay combining immunity bottle chip, immunity cover chip and immunity chromatographic fingerprint to screen sensitinogens from injections for traditional Chinese medicine, in order to build a safety evaluation barrier for development and clinical application of injections for traditional Chinese medicine.
Drug Hypersensitivity ; immunology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of transplantation of allogeneic adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on serum biochemical indicators and sporting ability in highly endurance-trained rats from a fasciological perspective.

METHODSThe ADSCs were cultured in vitro. Forty male Wistar rats were randomized into 4 equal groups, namely the blank control group, overtraining (model) group, transplantation without training group and overtraining plus transplantation group. The rats in the two overtraining groups were subjected to exhaustive swimming for 1 week, and in the two transplantation groups, cultured allogeneic ADSCs (2×10(6)/ml) were injected via the tail vein. The exhaustion time in swimming and the serum levels of BUN, LDH, BLa, and Hb of the rats were recorded after the treatments.

RESULTSThe rats in the model group showed significantly increased serum BUN, LDH and BLa levels and decreased Hb level with a extended exhaustion time as compared with those in the blank control group (P<0.01). The BUN, LDH and BLa was significantly lower, Hb level higher and the exhaustion time significantly longer in the overtraining plus transplantation group than those in the model group (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSADSCs can effectively prolong the exhaustion time of rats during exhaustive swimming and enhance their sporting ability.

Adipose Tissue ; cytology ; Animals ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Fatigue ; prevention & control ; Hydro-Lyases ; blood ; Lactic Acid ; blood ; Male ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; physiology ; Physical Exertion ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Swimming

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of bare mental stent (BMS) and covered stent (CS) in the treatment of complete central venous occlusive disease (CVOD) in hemodialysis patients.Methods A total of 66 cases of CVOD who have been treated by endovascular methods successfully in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from Jan 2015 to Jan 2017 were enrolled in this study.According to the type of stent,the patients were divided into two groups,BMS group (n=46)and CS group (n=20).The demographic data,clinical signs and symptoms,and pre-procedure and post-procedure imaging data were followed up and recorded.The primary patency rates were calculated at 1,3,6,9,and 12 months.Results The related symptoms were improved within 2 day post-procedure.The primary patency rates of BMS group in 1,3,6,9 and 12 months were 97.83％,95.65％,69.56％,41.3％,and 34.78％ respectively.The rates of CS group were 100％,100％,95％,65％,and 60％respectively.They did not reached statistical significance for primary patency rates between two groups in 1,3,and 6 months (P ＞ 0.05 respectively).However,from 9 months after procedure,it began to show the significant difference between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).The median patency time of the CS group was (10.30±5.32) months,while BMS group was (8.52±0.49) months.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P=0.046).Conclusions Stent implantation for complete occlusion of central venous in hemodialysis patients can get credible effect.The use of CS for CVOD provides superior patency as well as patency time in long period after procedure as compared with BMS.

Objective To investigate the relationship between cortical watershed infarction and carotid artery stenosis and evaluate the stent insertion operation.Methods After 23 cortical watershed infarction patients diagnosed by CT or MRI received DSA detection,we performed stent insertion operationon 11 patients according to their requirements,and conservative treatment on the remaining 12 patients.All the patients underwent follow up for 6-12 months post-operatively.Results Among the 23 cortical watershed infarction patients,22 Were detected with carotid artery stenosis.Statistical analysis showed that the degree of carotid artery stenosis was associated With the elinical svmDtoms and the volume of steal phenomenon(P<0.05);further,the artery stenosis improvement was over 90%with the stent inserted;conversely,dizziness and steal phenomenon disappeared.The post procedure follow-up,ranging 6-12 months,showed that the patients with stent insertion got less new symptoms,steal phenomenon and artery stenosis,compared with the patients with conservation treatment(P<0.05).Conclusion Cortical watershed infarction is associated with carotid artery stenosis.The stent insertion iS useful for the treatment ofcarotid artery stenosis and prevention of cortical watershed infarction.