Objective To study the stability of micro-implant orthodontic anchorage(MA)with different pitch in the case of immediate loading.Method Employing 3D finite element analysis method,the stress and dis-placement distribution on the bone interface of MIA with different pitch(0.3 mm、0.5 mm、0.7 mm and 1.0 mm,respectively),which was 1.47 N loaded vertically in the major axis direction,were analyzed.Result The pitch affected the stress distribution significantly,because the maximum stress increased with the pitch decreasing and the impact of pitch on stress distribution on neck and central locations of MIA were different;to decrease the pitch could reduce the max displacement of the jaw,but the impact of pitch on displacement distribution of MIA was not significant.Condusions In the case of immediate loading.MIA with pitch 0.5 mm-0.7 mm is suggested to be selected as orthodontic anchorage in the clinic.

Objective To study the stability of micro-implant orthodontic anchorage(MA)with different pitch in the case of immediate loading.Method Employing 3D finite element analysis method,the stress and dis-placement distribution on the bone interface of MIA with different pitch(0.3 mm、0.5 mm、0.7 mm and 1.0 mm,respectively),which was 1.47 N loaded vertically in the major axis direction,were analyzed.Result The pitch affected the stress distribution significantly,because the maximum stress increased with the pitch decreasing and the impact of pitch on stress distribution on neck and central locations of MIA were different;to decrease the pitch could reduce the max displacement of the jaw,but the impact of pitch on displacement distribution of MIA was not significant.Condusions In the case of immediate loading.MIA with pitch 0.5 mm-0.7 mm is suggested to be selected as orthodontic anchorage in the clinic.

Aged ; Anastomosis, Surgical ; Duodenum ; blood supply ; surgery ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; etiology ; surgery ; Humans ; Hypertension, Portal ; complications ; Jejunum ; surgery ; Rupture, Spontaneous ; Varicose Veins ; complications

OBJECTIVETo explore the correlation between pathological characteristics of target organs and excess evil syndrome in IgA nephropathy.

METHODSData were collected in multicenter cooperation. Totally 266 IgA nephropathy patients were typed into exogenous wind-heat affection syndrome (49 cases), lower energizer damp-heat syndrome (100 cases), damp-phlegm syndrome (43 cases), and blood stasis syndrome (74 cases). Meanwhile, percutaneous renal biopsy was performed in all patients for Hass classification, Oxford classification, Katafuchi integral, and Jiang's classification methods. The correlation between excess evil syndrome and pathological index was analyzed.

RESULTSFour syndrome types were correlated with their Hass levels (r = 0. 341, P <0. 01). Affection of exogenous wind-heat syndrome was correlated with segmental proliferation of endothelial cells and damaged active lesions of segmental capillary loops. Lower-energizer damp-heat syndrome was associated with Hass III level, destroying active lesions of capillary loops, segmental proliferation of endothelial cells, glomerular segmental lesions, focal interstitial infiltration of inflammatory cells, focal interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy. Blood stasis syndrome was associated with Hass IV level, glomerular sclerosis, segmental glomerulosclerosis (S)/adhesion, mesangial hypercellularity (M), angiohyalinosis, multi-foci interstitial infiltration of inflammatory cells, multi-foci interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy. Phlegm-damp syndrome had higher proportions of Hass I and III levels, but with no association with other pathological parameters.

CONCLUSIONSExcess evil syndrome was associated with partial pathological characteristics of IgA nephropathy. It could reflect pathological damage degree of target organs, activities, chronic lesions, and prognosis of IgA nephropathy to certain extent. Correlated pathological characteristics and its evolution could indicate excess evil syndrome types and their evolution rules.

Capillaries ; Fibrosis ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA ; pathology ; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental ; Humans ; Kidney Glomerulus ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Prognosis ; Syndrome

BACKGROUNDA number of studies have examined the association between estrogen receptor alpha (ESR-α) gene polymorphisms and bone mineral density (BMD), but previous studies of ESR-α gene XbaI (rs9340799) and PvuII (rs2234693) polymorphisms have been hampered by small sample size, regional restrictions and inconclusive results. Thus a meta-analysis is needed to assess their pooled effects.

METHODSThis study reviewed all published articles indexed in Pubmed using the keywords in the title or abstract. All data were extracted independently by two reviewers using a standard form, the studies were meta-analyzed and minor discrepancies were resolved by authors' discussion.

RESULTSTwenty seven eligible studies involving 8467 women and 2032 men were identified. The XbaI and PvuII polymorphisms were significantly associated with BMD of the lumbar spine. XX and PP homozygotes had a protective effect in comparison with carriers of the x and p alleles, the effects were more significant in premenopausal women or Western women. At the femoral neck, the results were different. XX served as a protective factor in postmenopausal women, Western women, Western postmenopausal women, and men, while PP was likely to serve as a risk factor in Eastern women, Eastern postmenopausal women, and men.

CONCLUSIONSThe XbaI polymorphism is correlated to BMD at diverse skeletal sites. PP had a protective role for the lumbar spine but might be a risk factor for the femoral neck.

Bone Density ; genetics ; Estrogen Receptor alpha ; genetics ; Female ; Femur Neck ; pathology ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Male ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo assess the operative technique and results with the usage of cementless prosthesis in hip revision.

METHODSRetrospective study was done on revision of total hip arthroplasty with cementless prosthesis in 72 patients (41 males and 31 females) with an average age of 65.7 years (28-82 years) from January 2004 to December 2009. The reason for revision was 2 infection, 54 aseptic loosening, 4 periprosthetic fractures, 5 fracture of femoral stems and 7 cases of acetabular abrasion after hemi-arthroplasty. The operation time, bleeding loss, complications of infection, dislocation, periprosthetic fractures and loosening were evaluated. The Harris score were used for hip function evaluation.

RESULTSThe average operation time was (146±47) minutes (70-280 minutes) and bleeding loss during the operation was (970±540) ml (200-2500 ml). Bacterium cultivation during operation demonstrated infection in 2 patients. Bone windows at the lateral femoral were opened in 4 patients and extend trochanteric osteotomy was done in 7 patients. Fracture of the proximal femur occurred in 8 cases. Twenty-nine patients were treated with bone graft including 18 autografts and 11 allografts. Sixty-seven patients were followed up for an average time of 66 months (20-92 months). Additional revisions were performed in 3 cases including 2 dislocations and 1 infection. There were no death, no damage of major blood vessels and nerves. The bone graft healed during 3-5 months. The survival rates of the femoral prosthesis and the acetabulum prostheses were 95.5% and 98.4%. The mean Harris score was 86±8 (55-95 points). Osteolysis were seen in 13 hips but migration was seen in only 1 patient.

CONCLUSIONSThe cementless prosthesis is useful in revision total hip arthroplasty and the perfect clinical results are related to the reliable primary fixation.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; instrumentation ; Bioprosthesis ; Bone Transplantation ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip Prosthesis ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo explore the awareness, treatment and control rates of dyslipidemia among Chinese adults aged over 18 in 2010, and to analyze the prevalent features.

METHODS97 409 subjects aged over 18 were recruited from 162 monitoring sites around 31 provinces in China mainland in 2010, applying multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method. Information about subjects' history of dyslipidemia, treatment and control were collected by face-to-face interview; and each subject's fasting venous blood was drawn in the morning before having food, to test total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C). In total, 51 818 cases of dyslipidemia ever or now, including 2235 subjects who once suffered from dyslipidemia but had their blood lipid controlled to normal, were screened out. And the awareness, treatment and control rates were calculated by complex weighting.

RESULTSThe awareness rate of dyslipidemia among Chinese adults was 10.93%, while the stratified rates were 6.00%, 16.75% and 18.74% in the groups of subjects aged 18 - 44, 45 - 59 and over 60 years old, respectively (χ² = 1293.02, P < 0.01); 10.32% and 11.71% among males and females, respectively (χ² = 18.67, P < 0.01); 16.59% and 8.17% in groups from urban and rural areas, respectively (χ² = 618.38, P < 0.01); and 12.22%, 11.75% and 8.26% in groups from eastern, central and western China, respectively (χ² = 117.04, P < 0.01). The treatment rate of dyslipidemia was 6.84% among Chinese adults, while the stratified rates were 3.55%, 10.73% and 12.05% in the groups of subjects aged 18 - 44, 45 - 59 and over 60 years old, respectively (χ² = 858.72, P < 0.01); 6.37% and 7.43% among males and females, respectively (χ² = 16.69, P < 0.01); 10.17% and 5.21% in groups from urban and rural areas, respectively (χ² = 327.51, P < 0.01); and 7.33%, 7.52% and 5.41% in groups from eastern, central and western China, respectively (χ² = 50.71, P < 0.01). The control rate of dyslipidemia was 3.53% among total subjects, while whose stratified rates were 1.64%, 5.49% and 6.94% in the groups of subjects aged 18 - 44, 45 - 59 and over 60 years old, respectively (χ² = 554.12, P < 0.01); 2.57% and 4.75% among males and females, respectively (χ² = 131.04, P < 0.01); 5.23% and 2.70% in groups from urban and rural areas, respectively (χ² = 165.13, P < 0.01) ; and 4.21%, 3.89% and 2.17% in groups from eastern, central and western China, respectively (χ² = 91.45, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe awareness, treatment and control rates of dyslipidemia have been comparatively low among Chinese adults, especially among the population who were young, or who were from rural area or western China.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Dyslipidemias ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Female ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rural Population ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of acupuncture on the expression of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) in the subcutaneous fascia of SD rats.

METHODSEighteen SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=3) including 5 acupuncture groups and a control group. The rats in the 5 acupuncture groups received electro-acupuncture therapy in the regions of the inguinal groove, and at 0, 1, 6, 12, and 36 h after the last therapy, the superfacial fascia surrounding the acupuncture point (about 1.5 cm in diameter) were collected. The fascia tissues at the corresponding sites and at the acupoint Zusanli (ST36) were obtained from the control rats. The expression of ERK1/2 and phosphorylated ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2) in the tissues were detected by Western blotting.

RESULTSERK1/2 and p-ERK1/2 expressions were detected in the tissues harvested from both the acupoint and the non-acupoint in the control rats with similar expression intensities. In the rats of each acupuncture group, ERK1/2 expression was significantly increased on the acupuncture side in comparison with the control side.

CONCLUSIONThe normal loose connective tissue may participate in tissue proliferation and differentiation possibly via phosphorylation of ERK. Acupuncture can promote the signal transduction pathway of ERK, which can be a possible mechanism for the effect of acupuncture in modulating the physiopathological conditions.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Fascia ; enzymology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 ; metabolism ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Skin ; Time Factors

Construction of multifunctional pesticides-degrading genetically engineered microorganisms (GEMs) is increasing important in the bioremediation of various pesticides contaminants in environment. However, construction of genetically stable GEMs without any exogenous antibiotic resistance is thought to be one of the bottlenecks in GEMs construction. In this article, homologous recombination vectors with the recipient's 16S rDNA as homologous recombination directing sequence (HRDS) and sacB gene as double crossover recombinants positive selective marker were firstly constructed. The methyl parathion hydroalse gene (mpd) was inserted into the 16S rDNA site of the carbofuran degrading strain Sphingomonas sp. CDS-1 by homologous recombination single crossover in the level of about 3.7 x 10-(7) - 6.8 x 10(-7). Multifunctional pesticides-degrading GEMs with one or two mpd genes inserted into the chromosome without any antibiotic marker were successfully constructed. The homologous recombination events were confirmed by PCR and southern blot methods. The obtained GEMs were genetically stable and could degrade methyl parathion and carbofuran simultaneously. The insertion of mpd gene into rrn site did not have any significant effect on recipient' s physiological and original degrading characteristics. The methyl parathion hydrolase (MPH) was expressed at a relatively high level in the recombinants and the recombinant MPH specific activity in cell lysate was higher than that of original bacterium (DLL-1) in every growth phase tested. The highest recombinant MPH specific activity was 6.22 mu/tg. In this article, we describe a first attempt to use rRNA-encoding regions of Sphingomonas strains as target site for expression of exogenous MPH, and constructed multifunctional pesticides degrading GEMs, which are genetically stable and promising for developing bioremediation strategies for the decontamination of pesticides polluted soils.
Biodegradation, Environmental ; Carbofuran ; metabolism ; Environmental Pollutants ; metabolism ; Genetic Markers ; Insecticides ; metabolism ; Organisms, Genetically Modified ; genetics ; metabolism ; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; genetics ; Recombination, Genetic ; Sphingomonas ; genetics ; metabolism