Humans ; Labyrinth Diseases ; pathology ; therapy

Objective MicroRNA(miRNA)has recently been suggested to play a role in certain virus infections.The present study is to investigate if miRNA is associated with hepatitis B virus(HBV)activity by detecting differential expression of miRNA between human hepatoblastoma cell line HepG2.2.15 transfected with full-long HBV genome and its parent cell line HepG2.Methods Total RNA were extracted from HepG2.2.15 cells and control HepG2 cells,respectively.miRNAs were then isolated from the total RNA.Mammalian miRNA microarrays containing 509 miRNA genes were employed to analyze the differentially expressed miRNAs between the two groups.miRNAs were considered to be up-or down-regulated when the fluorescent intensity ratio between the two groups was over 4-fold and global false positive is zero using SAM program.Validation of microarray results was carried out by real-time quantitative RT-PCR(qRT-PCR).Results Compared with those of control HepG2 cells,a total of 27 miRNAs were differentially expressed(5.3% of all probes),among which 7 were up-regulated and 20 were down-regulated in HepG2.2.15 cells.qRT-PCR verified that miR-181d expression was 16-fold up-regulated and miR-15a was 9-fold down-regulated in HepG2.2.15 cells,which was in agreement with the results of the microarray analysis.Conclusion The findings suggest that there are HBV replication-associated miRNAs in HBV genome-transfected HepG2.2.15 cells.These up-and down-regulated miRNAs may be involved in the life cycle of HBV replication.The knowledge is helpful for further study to discover new molecular targets for anti-HBV therapy.

Child ; Ear, External ; Foreign Bodies ; surgery ; Humans ; Labyrinth Diseases ; etiology ; Male ; Postoperative Complications

Objective To calculate the mean absorbed doses at celluar and subcellular levels for uniformly and non-uniformly distributed Auger electron emitters. Methods The energy deposited in cell or nucleus by Auger electrons was analytically calculated using the polynomial representation of energy loss.S-values were subsequently computed for several target-source combinations.The absorbed dose and dose distribution were calculated for spherically symmetric radionuclide distributions depending linearly and exponentially on the radial position.The dose profile as a function of the source radial coordinate was also evaluated for typical cell sizes.The contributions of photon radiation to absorbed dose in cells were ignored. Results The mean absorbed dose and dose distribution depend largely on the size of target cells,the radiation spectrum and intracellular localization and distribution of radionuclides.The contribution of intranuclear radionuclides to mean absorbed dose was larger than that of extranuclear ones. Conclusion Auger electrons can produce high local energy deposition in cells because of their very low energies and extremely short ranges.Our dose calculation method is simple.The results are reliable and can be used in many fields.

Objective To investigate effect and mechanism of Xuebijing administration at various concentrations on ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) of rabbit limbs.Methods Thirty New Zealand rabbits were divided into control group (n =10),Xuebijing group Ⅰ (n =10) and Xuebijing group Ⅱ(n =10) according to random number table.Rabbit models of IRI in lower extremities were established.Each group received corresponding therapy after reperfusion:rabbits in Xuebijing group Ⅰ were firstly administered 4 ml/kg Xuebijing solution and 6 ml/kg isotonic saline; rabbits in Xuebijing group Ⅱ were administered 2 ml/kg Xuebijing solution and 8 ml/kg isotonic saline; rabbits in control group were simply administered 10 ml/kg isotonic saline.Venous blood samples were collected before reperfusion and at 1 h,2 h,4 h after reperfusion to measure coagulation parameters (APTT,Fib,INR and PT) and biochemical items (ALB,LDH and CK).Results APTT in Xuebijing group Ⅰ presented obvious improvement at 1 h and 4 h after reperfusion as compared with control group (P ＜ 0.01).PT in Xuebijing groups Ⅰ and lⅡ was significantly longer after reperfusion than that before reperfusion (P ＜0.05).Fib level in Xuebijing group Ⅰ was much higher at 4 h after reperfusion than that before reperfusion (P ＜ 0.05).ALB level at 1 hour after reperfusion showed no statistical differences from that before reperfusion in Xuebijing groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P ＞ 0.05).LDH and CK levels in Xuebijing group Ⅰ were much lower than those in control group after reperfusion (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Xuebijing injection relieves limb IRI,with better effect in Xuebijing group Ⅰ than in Xuebijing group Ⅱ.Therapeutic mechanism may be associated with its involvement in adjusting clotting function and mitigating injury of muscle tissues.

BACKGROUND: Using color Doppler ultrasonography, renal graft size, appearance, structure, and blood flow distribution can be observed. Through the use of blood flow display technique, blood flow perfusion of renal graft can be accurately observed to assist diagnosis and differential diagnosis of complications following renal transplantation. OBJECTIVE: To observe the hemodynamic characteristics during different periods of acute renal transplant rejection, summarize its specific manifestations through analyzing different reaction of two dimensional and color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) during renal transplantation in order to get valuable index on acute rejection of renal transplantation.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Comparative observation was performed at the Jinan University and First Hospital of Shenzhen University between January 2003 and January 2007.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 299 patients undergoing renal transplantation were divided into normal allograft group (n=236) and acute rejection group (n=63) according to renal allograft function.METHODS: The systolic peak flow rate, end-diastolic flow rate, mean flow rate, pulsatility index and resistance index of main renal artery and arcuate artery in patients of two groups were compared. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Renal allograft arterial inner diameter and hemodynamics of two groups.RESULTS: Compared with normal allograft group, the blood flow perfusion was reduced at acute rejection, which could not reach cortex margin, blood velocity was decreased at the diastolic phase, pulsatility index and resistance index were increased (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Color Doppler ultrasound, as a convenient, economical and noninvasive technique, provides the reliable evidences for the renal artery pulsatility index and resistance index in clinic, and also is valuable for the acute rejection early diagnosis of renal allograft.

Objective To perform an acceptance test for the IMRT system with independent collimator. Methods An ion chamber dosimeter were used to measure the startup characteristics of the accelerator and the absolute dose at isocenter and given characteristic points for three clinical cases ( a lower nasopharyngeal carcinoma, a lung cancer and a cervical cancer). The characteristic points represented the organs at risk or the target. A Mapeheck2 was used to measure dose maps of basic test fields and the treatment fields for the clinical cases. The basic test fields were as follows: 1 ). Symmetric fields in size of 2 cm ×2 cm, 5 cm ×5 cm, 10 cm× 10 cm, 20 cm ×20 cm, 2 cm × 10 cm, 10 cm ×2 cm, 5 cm ×20 cm and 20 cm ×5 cm;2). Asymmetric fields in size of 2 cm ×2 cm (x1 =4 cm, y1 = 10 cm;x2 = -2 cm, y2 = -8cm) and 5 cm ×5 cm (x1 = -2 cm, y1 = -5 cm;x2 =7 cm, y2 = 10 cm) ;3) A 20 cm ×20 cm composite field composed of five 20 cm× 4 cm narrow bar fields side by side. Gamma Index was used to compare calculated and corresponding measured dose distributions. When the criterion was 3% dose difference or 3 mm distance-to-agreement, the pass rate was required to be more than 90%. Results The accuracy of machine output was better than 2% when machine monitor units increased to 4. Among all basic test fields and all the treatment fields of three clinical cases, the maximal absolute dose error was -3.67%, and only the composite test field and two treatment fields of the lower nasopharyngeal carcinoma case had a pass rate slightly less than 90%, which were 83.6%, 88. 3% and 89. 7% ,respectively. For the three clinical cases the treatment delivery times were 15, 14, and 27 minutes, respectively. Conclusions The overall commissioning results are acceptable, and the system can be used in clinic.

Objective To develop a rapid, accurate, specific method to detect causative agent of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). Methods Specific primers and probe were designed based on highly conserved VP1 region of enterovirus 71, coxsackie virus A16 and enterovirus. The sensitivity and specificity of the real-time RT-PCR was evaluated with 35 stool samples collected from pediatric patients with suspected HFMD and 20 clinical samples from health pediatric patients. Results Out of 35 clinical samples from suspected HFMD, 35 samples were identified as positive for enterovirus, 25 clinical samples were identified as positive for enterovirus 71, 8 clinical samples were identified as positive for coxsackie virus A16, among which 3 clinical samples were identified as positive for enterovirus 71 and coxsackie virus A16. The clinical diagnostic accordance rate is 85.71%. Out of 20 clinical samples from normal pediatric patients, 5 clinical samples were identified as positive for enterovirus, 20 clinical samples were negative for enterovirns 71 and coxsackie virus AI6. Conclusion Our results indicate real-time RT-PCR offers a rapid, sensitive, specific and cheap method to detect pathogen of HFMD from clinical specimens.

With the public hospitals expanding,the nurses at age of marriage or bearing are enrolled and account for large part of all health care workers in China.A significant percentage of nurses in the period of pregnancy or lactation,especially abortion and sterility,deteriorate the shortage of nursing human resources and the nurses' health.It is essential to cope with the matter in order to maintain the nurses and contribute to the professional development.In this paper,we review the human resource management of the nurses during the periods at home and abroad from the human resources,occupational protection and management approaches,which is contributed to supplement the human resource.

Objective To discover novel conopeptides which are the antagonists of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in order to contribute to the development of novel analgesic drugs and neuropharmacological probes.Methods Based on the conserved untranslated region and intron of A-superfamily conotoxins,a novel α-conotoxin Lt1.1 was cloned from Conus litteratus.The peptide-resin was synthesized using the solid-phased method and was cleaved.The resulting linear peptide was oxidized by air to give the product containing disulfide bridges.The folding product was finally purified by HPLC.The disulfide bond connectivity was determined using the two-step oxidative folding methods.The cRNA of rat nAChRs was expressed on the membrane of Xenopus oocyte.Membrane currents were recorded using the two electrode voltage-clamp technique.Results A novel α-conotoxin designated as Lt1.1(GCCSHPACNVNNPDIC-NH2) was cloned and its disulfide connectivity was C1-C3,C2-C4.Lt1.1 selectively inhibited the α3β2 and α3β4 nAChRs with an IC50 of 166.76 and 190.00 nmol/L,respectively.Conclusion Lt1.1 is a novel 4/7 α-conotoxin that selectively targets α3β2 and α3β4 nAChRs.