Kimchi is a traditional Korean food prepared by fermenting vegetables, such as Chinese cabbage and radishes, which are seasoned with various ingredients, including red pepper powder, garlic, ginger, green onion, fermented seafood (Jeotgal), and salt. The various unique microorganisms and bioactive components in kimchi show antioxidant activity and have been associated with an enhanced immune response, as well as anti-cancer and anti-diabetic effects. Red pepper inhibits decay due to microorganisms and prevents food from spoiling. The vast amount of biological information generated by academic and industrial research groups is reflected in a rapidly growing body of scientific literature and expanding data resources. However, the genome, biological pathway, and related disease data are insufficient to explain the health benefits of kimchi because of the varied and heterogeneous data types. Therefore, we have constructed an appropriate semantic data model based on an integrated food knowledge database and analyzed the functional and biological processes associated with kimchi in silico. This complex semantic network of several entities and connections was generalized to answer complex questions, and we demonstrated how specific disease pathways are related to kimchi consumption.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Biological Processes ; Brassica ; Capsicum ; Computer Simulation* ; Garlic ; Genome ; Ginger ; Humans ; Insurance Benefits ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways* ; Metabolism ; Onions ; Raphanus ; Seafood ; Seasons ; Semantics ; Vegetables

Total 1950 cases of general, spinal and epidural anesthesia for cesarean section were performed in Department of Anesthesiology, Yonsei University, Wonju College of Medicine from June 1982 to May 1987. The followings are results of the observations on 1950 cases. 1) The incidence of cesarean section was 21.76 percent of total deliveries and the tendency is increasing. 2) Types of anesthesia are General anesthesia(1004 cases), Spinal anesthesia(557 cases), Epidural anesthesia(389 cases). 3) One minute Apgar score in spinal, epidural anesthesia are better than in general anesthesia. 4) Perinatal mortality of total deliveries is 1.007%. 5) Painless delivery: 50 cases. 6) Postoperative pain control: Spinal anesthesia: 48 cases. Epidural catheter: 335 cases(Ketamine:50 cases)
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Epidural ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthesia, Obstetrical* ; Anesthesia, Spinal ; Anesthesiology ; Apgar Score ; Catheters ; Cesarean Section ; Female ; Gangwon-do ; Incidence ; Pain, Postoperative ; Perinatal Mortality ; Pregnancy

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Given the increasing proportion of the Korean population that is aged 65 years and older, the present study analyzed the relationship between diet quality and sarcopenia in elderly persons by using data from the 2008–2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). SUBJECTS/METHODS: Data for 3,373 persons aged 65 years and over (men: 1,455, 43.1%) were selected from the 2008–2011 KNHANES. Sarcopenia assessments are based on a formula that divides a subject's appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) by their weight (wt) and multiplies that result by 100 ([ASM/wt] × 100). Sarcopenia is present if the subject's result was less than one standard deviation (SD) below the sex-specific mean for a young reference group. For evaluation of diet quality, data obtained via the 24-hour recall method were used to calculate the Diet Quality Index for Koreans (DQI-K). A general linear model was applied in order to analyze general information and nutritional intake according to sarcopenia status. For analysis of the relationship between diet quality and sarcopenia, a binominal logistic regression analysis was undertaken. RESULTS: The sarcopenia prevalence rate among the study subjects aged 65 years and over was 37.6%. The DQI-K of those without sarcopenia was 3.33 ± 0.04 points, while that of those with sarcopenia was 3.45 ± 0.04 points (P < 0.05). The relationship between diet quality and sarcopenia revealed that subjects aged 75 and older had a poor diet quality, and their odds ratio (OR) of sarcopenia presence was significantly higher (OR: 1.807, 95% confidence interval: 1.003–3.254, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that poor diet quality was related to sarcopenia presence in Koreans aged 75 and older. In order to improve the diet quality of the elderly (aged 75 and older), it is necessary to develop dietary improvement guidelines.