Aim: To investigate the changes of endothelin( ET) receptors by isoproterenol in myocardial cells, and the invervention effects of CPU86017 and its RS isomer. Methods: Primary cultures of neonatal rat cardiomyo-cytes were prepared, and isoproterenol was added to each group for modeling, followed by drug interventions with propranolol, CPU86017 and RS chiral isomer respectively. Results: The expressions of ET_A and ET_B were increased by isoproterenol, in which the level of ET_B was higher than ET_A . This phenomenon was adjusted to different degrees by using propranolol, CPU86017 and RS chiral isomer in a dosage-relevant manner. The infervention effect of RS isomer was better than that of CPU86017 at the high dosage( 10 μmol/L). Conclusion: The cardiovascular effects of CPU86017 and RS chiral isomer could be correlative to the inhibition of the over-expressions of ET_A and ET_B.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of plasma exchange (PE) combined with plasma perfusion (PP) in treatment of liver failure and the influence on inflammatory factors and liver function.Methods:98 patients with liver failure in our hospital from February 2014 to February 2016 were selected as the subjectswere,and they were randomly divided into experimental group and control group,and each group was 49 cases.The experimental group was treated with PE combined with PP,and the control group was received PE alone.The liver function before and after treatment was detected by automatic biochemical analyzer.The serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP),tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The total effective rate,the incidence of side effects,the levels of liver function and inflammatory factors before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.Results:The clinical effective rate in the experimental group (91.84％) was significantly higher than that in the control group (73.47％),the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in the experimental group (10.20％) was significantly lower than that in the control group (38.78％),the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT),total bilirubin (TBIL) and blood ammonia (NH3) were significantly decreased in both groups after treatment (all P＜0.05).Albumin (ALB) and thrombin activity (PTA) were significantly increased in both groups after treatment (both P＜0.05).After treatment,the serum levels of ALT,TBIL and NH3 in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group (all P＜0.05),the levels of ALB and PTA were higher than those of the control group,the difference was statistically significant (both P＜0.05).After treatment,the serum levels ofCRP,TNF-α and IL-6 were lower than those before treatment,and the serum levels of CRP,TNF-α and IL-6 in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group (all P＜0.05).Conclusion:The combination of plasma exchange and plasma perfusion has a good effect in the treatment of liver failure,and the incidence of adverse reactions is low.It can effectively remove inflammatory factors,improve liver function and improve the quality of life of patients.

Objective To study the relationship between knee osteoarthritis progression and the ration of fat,lean,or bone mineral content(BMC).Methods 36 joints of knee with osteoarthritis in 31 women were divided into two groups according to the knee joint space,joint space narrowing group and non-narrowing group.The body mass index(BMI)was calculated.The X-ray(weight bearing)of knee joint was taken.The fat,lean,BMC and mass of leg were detected with the dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA).Results There was no distinct difference between sides and age distribution for the tested groups(P>0.05).The BMI and fat/mass ratio of leg in the joint space narrowing group were obviously higher than that of the non-narrowing group(P<0.05),while the lean/mass ratio of leg in the joint space narrowing group was distinctly lower than that of the non-narrowing group(P<0.05).Conclusion The deterioration of the female knee osteoarthritis can be mainly attributed to the increase of the BMI and fat/mass ratio as well as the decrease of the lean/mass ratio of leg.

Objective To determine whether the antiserum produced by immunizing mice with conotoxin GI coupled with bovine serum albumin (BSA) could neutralize GI conotoxin.Methods The GI-BSA was prepared by glutaraldehyde-coupled method,and the mice were immunized with the GI-BSA to produce antiserum.The antibody neutralization assay was used to test the detoxication of the antiserum.Results The SDS-PAGE protein electrophoresis showed that the coupling reaction of GI hapten with BSA was successful.The two distinct protein bands of GI-BSA were more than 120×103.Each mouse was immunized four times with 99 μg every two weeks.After the fourth immunization,the serum neutralization titer was more than 1:64 000.After the intraperitoneal injection of the mixture of 100 or 200 μl of the antiserum and different doses of GI,75% of the mice survived in the group with 100 μl of the antiserum and 1× LD50 GI(16.3 μg/kg).The same percentage of mice also survived in the group of with 200 μl of serum and 25.8 μg/kg of GI.Conclusion The antiserum produced by immunizing mice with GI-BSA exhibits significant detoxication activity to conotoxin GI.

Appropriate selection and measurement of lead biomarkers of exposure are critically important for health care management purposes, public health decision making, and primary prevention synthesis. Lead is one of the neurotoxicants that seems to be involved in the etiology of psychologies. Biomarkers are generally classified into three groups: biomarkers of exposure, effect, and susceptibility.The main body compartments that store lead are the blood, soft tissues, and bone; the half-life of lead in these tissues is measured in weeks for blood, months for soft tissues, and years for bone. Within the brain, lead-induced damage in the prefrontal cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum can lead to a variety of neurological disorders, such as brain damage, mental retardation, behavioral problems, nerve damage, and possibly Alzheimer's disease, Parkinsons disease, and schizophrenia. This paper presents an overview of biomarkers of lead exposure and discusses the neurotoxic effects of lead with regard to children and adults.
Alzheimer Disease ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; psychology ; Animals ; Behavior ; drug effects ; Biomarkers ; metabolism ; Brain ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Brain Diseases ; chemically induced ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Environmental Exposure ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Lead ; pharmacokinetics ; toxicity ; Lead Poisoning ; etiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; psychology ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes ; etiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; psychology ; Parkinson Disease, Secondary ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; psychology ; Schizophrenia ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology

Objective To compare the CLIP score, the JIS score, and the China staging system (CS) in the prediction of survival of patients with resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods The Clinicopathologic and follow-up data of 224 patients who underwent hepatic resection for HCC from January 2000 to July 2005 were retrospectively studied. The patient distribution and the survival curve of each staging system were used to compare the ability to stratify and to discriminate prognosis. The likelihood ratio, chi-square test and the linear trend chi-square test were used to compare the homogeneity and the monotonicity of the relationship between stage and mortality rate of each staging system. The increase in the -2 log likelihood statistic on removal of any one staging system was in turn used as a means of ranking the individual staging systems according to their importance within the regression model. The statistical package used was SPSS version 16. 0 and Stata SE version 8.0. Results Based on the China staging system, the percentages of patients categorized as Ⅰa, Ⅰ b, Ⅱa,Ⅱb and Ⅲ a were 14. 3%, 17.4%, 21.9%, 31.7% and 14. 7% respectively, showing excellent stratification ability. However, nearly 81. 6% of the patients were classified as a CLIP score of 0-2, which showed poor stratification ability, and only 3. 1 % of the patients were classified as score 0 category of the JIS scoring system. In the follow-up period, the log-rank test and the corresponding Kaplan-Meier survival curves confirmed each staging system to be able to differentiate patient survival in the different stages. Individual pairwise comparisons revealed inconsistencies across the different staging systems. In particular, using the log-rank test, the JIS scoring system and the China staging system showed significant differences in patient survival on all pairwise comparisons. By contrast, the CLIP scoring system failed to differentiate significantly between score 2 and score 3 patients. The JIS scoring system could identify the best prognostic group who would benefit from curative and aggressive treatments, whereas the discriminatory value of the CLIP score was noted in the intermediate- and advanced-phase HCC patients. The China staging system was shown to have the best homogeneity, overall discriminatory capacity and monotonicity of gradient. The change in the -2 log likelihood statistic on removal of any staging system revealed that for this cohort of patients, the appropriate importance in the ranking of the independent contribution of each factor to the regression model was: CS> CLIP>JIS. Conclusion Among three clinical staging systems, the China staging system had the highest prognostic value, with better stratification and higher discriminatory capacity than the CLIP scoring system and the JIS scoring system for this cohort of patients who received partial hepatectomy for HCC. The CLIP scoring system performed better in identifying the worst prognostic patients.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of hypertonie saline enhanced radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in the treatment of liver cancer. Methods The clinical data of 42 patients with primary liver cancer (n = 28) or metastatic liver eancer (n = 14) who had been admitted to First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from September 2001 to December 2007 were collected. Forty-eight lesions were detected with a diameter ranging from 1.2 cm to 7.5 cm. RFA electrode and 20G needle were pricked into the target lesion under the guidance of B ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) through percutaneoas puncture or open approaches. An amount of 5-10 ml hypertonie saline was infused through the needle at regular intervals during RFA. All patients were followed up for 3-79 months. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound and CT scanning were performed postoperatively to determine the efficacy of RFA. The levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) before and after treatment were compared using t test, and the survival of the patients were analyzed using a Kaplan-Meier survival curve. Results The AFP expression changed to negative in 14 out of the 18 AFP-positive patients, with statistical difference (t =7.703, P <0.05). The complete necrosis rate of tumors was 94% (45/48), and the necrosis rate of tumors with diameter of ≤4.0 cm reached 100% (35/35). The incidence of complication was 5% (2/42). No perioperative mortality occurred. The 1-, 2-, 3-year survival rates were 91%, 85% and 70%, respectively. Conclusions Hypertonic saline enhanced RFA in the treatment of liver cancer was proved to be safe and effective.

Objective To investigate the capability of empathy for pain in migraineurs without aura.Methods Thirty migraineurs without aura and thirty matched healthy controls were recruited.Picturecued Empathy for pain paradigm was used to compare the capability of empathy in the migraine group with that in the control group.Results Compared with the control group,the migraine group had diminished ability to discriminate painful from nonpainful pictures,and the discrimination accuracy was significantly reduced ((2.55±0.61) vs (2.88±0.38);t=-2.505,P=0.01).In the task laterality,there was no difference in discrimination accuracy between two groups(P＞0.05).The rating scores of patients were evidently smaller than those of control group ((3.01±0.52) vs (3.37±0.47);t=-2.827,P=0.006).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the age of migraineurs was negatively correlated with the discrimination accuracy(r=-0.393,P =0.031),and there was no correlation between migraineurs' educational years,disease course,severity,Mini-mental State Examination,Hamilton Anxiety Scale,Hamilton Depression Scale,Verbal Fluency Test,Stroop Test and the idex of empathy for pain (all P＞0.05).Conclusion Migraineurs without aura have deficiency in the capability of empathy for pain.

Objective To investigate the detectable rate and correlative factors of behavior problems among Hui nationality left-behind children in Ningxia rural area.Methods 1394 children,between 6 and 15 years old,of which 282 were Hui nationality children and 112 were Hui left-behind children,were selected from six primary schools and two junior middle schools using cluster random sampling method in Yongning,Ningxia.All of them were assessed by the Achenbach 's Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and self-designed General Information Questionnaire.Logistic regression method was used to analyze the correlative factors of behavior problems.Results The detectable rate of behavior problems among Hui nationality children between 6 and 15 years old was 31.25％,which was higher than the Han nationality left-behind children' s(17.84％) and Hui nationality nonleft-behind children' s (14.12％).Among the Hui left-behind children,those who between 6 and 11 years old,had been left alone between 5 and 7,and whose parents exchanging ideas with teachers less than one time a month had higher detectable rates (x2 =14.904,6.327,7.904,P ＜ 0.05).Among the Hui ethnic children,the detectable rates of those who between 6 and 11 yeas old were higher than that of the non-left-behind children' s(P ＜ 0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that Hui ethnic left-behind children between 12 and 15 years old (OR =0.179) and those whose parents contacted with their teachers frequently(OR =0.362) had less possibilities to attach behavior problems.Conclusion The detectable rate of behavior problems among Hui nationality left-behind Children between 6 andl5 years old in Ningxia is higher,and the correlative factors are complex.

The structure and properties about encoding protein of lactate dehydrogenase A from Taenia solium(Ts LDH-A)were analyzed and predicted by bioinformatics in this study.The immunological characteristics of this novel gene were also analyzed by cloning and expressing.The full-length cDNA encoding Ts LDH-A was identified from the cDNA plasmid library by blastx and rpsblast programs provided by NCBI.The physico-chemical properties and structures of Ts LDH-A were analyzed by tools provided by ExPASy.And the B cell epitopes of Ts LDH-A were predicted by the B Cell Epitope Prediction Tools provided by IEDB Analysis Resource.The PCR amplified coding region of Ts LDH-A was cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pET-28a (+) and expressed in E.coli BL21 with IPTG induction.The immunogenicity of the purified recombinant protein was analyzed by Western Blotting.It was demonstrated that the amino acid sequence of Ts LDH-A had identity with that of LDH-A from other specie and there was a conserved LDH domain in the deduced amino acid sequence.The full-length cDNA sequence encoding Ts LDH-A included a complete open reading frame(ORF)of 1332 bp and coded to a putative protein with 331 amino acids.The molecular weight of Ts LDH-A was predicted to be 35461.1 Da and the coding protein was demonstrated to contain 3 trans-membrane regions and 4 main B cell epitopes.The active site of L-lactate dehydrogenase located at the epitope aa190-199.The 3 key residues in the catalytic site of enzyme were conserved in different species and located near to each other in spatial position.PCR,double enzyme restriction and DNA sequencing were used to identify pET28a (+)-Ts LDH-A.The recombinant protein could react with the rat's sera as well as the sera from the patients and the swine infected Taenia solium.It is clear that the full-length cDNA sequence encoding Ts LDH-A can be screened from the cDNA library of adult Taenia solium by bioinformatics analysis and can be used to investigate the structure and properties about gene and encoding protein of Ts LDH-A as well as the immunological activities of gene expression in the prokaryotic system.