A 47-years-old woman presented with a 2-month history of a dry mouth and dry cough. The patient had been taking medication for Sjogren's syndrome for approximately 7 years. The chest radiography showed multiple cystic lesions and a hazy density in both lower lung fields. The HRCT showed a diffuse ground glass like appearance and multiple variable sized cystic lesions in both lung fields. After medication, the symptoms were aggravated. Bronchoscopy was preformed with a transbronchial lung biopsy. The biopsies showed an infiltration of lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes and histiocytes through the interstitial space of the alveola and a widening of the alveolar septa. However, the histological findings of the cysts were not obtained. Sjogren's syndrome is a slowly progressive inflammatory autoimmune disease, which is characterized by lymphocyte mediated destruction of the exocrine glands, with pulmonary involvement in approximately 19-65%, High-resolution CT is a sensitive technique for assessing the pulmonary involvement in patients with Sjogren's syndrome. Although a lung biopsy is not always necessary for establishing a diagnosis of an interstitial lung disease in Sjogren's syndrome. A lung biopsy may reveal a wide spectrum of changes ranging from a mild inflammatory response to end stage fibrosis with honeycombing. Because of the predominantly peribronchiolar inflammatory infiltration and inspissated secretions the cysts were suspected to have been formed by the ballvalve phenomenon. However, no definite evidence was obtained.
Autoimmune Diseases ; Biopsy ; Bronchoscopy ; Cough ; Diagnosis ; Exocrine Glands ; Female ; Fibrosis ; Glass ; Histiocytes ; Humans ; Lung Diseases* ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial* ; Lung* ; Lymphocytes ; Monocytes ; Mouth ; Neutrophils ; Radiography ; Sjogren's Syndrome* ; Thorax

Terbinafine, a fungicidal agent used for the treatment of onychomycosis, has been found to be safe and adverse effects are usually mild and transient. Neutropenia is a rare side effect of terbinafine. Terbinafine-induced neutropenia have been reported 7 cases worldwide and these patients had no predisposing factors that give rise to developing neutropenia. To date there has not been reported in Korea. We report a case of systemic lupus erythematosus of 47-yearold female patient who developed deep neck infection requiring intravenous antibiotics, tracheostomy, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(G-CSF) to recover from terbinafine-induced neutropenia.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Causality ; Female ; Granulocytes ; Humans ; Korea ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* ; Neck* ; Neutropenia* ; Onychomycosis ; Tracheostomy

OBJECTIVE: To compare changes in T2 relaxation on magnetic resonance (MR) images of knee articular cartilage in younger and older amateur athletes before and after running. MATERIALS AND METHODS: By using a 3.0-T MR imager, quantitative T2 maps of weight-bearing femoral and tibial articular cartilages in 10 younger and 10 older amateur athletes were acquired before, immediately after, and 2 hours after 30 minutes of running. Changes in global cartilage T2 signals of the medial and lateral condyles of the femur and tibia and regional cartilage T2 signals in the medial condyles of femoral and tibia in response to exercise were compared between the two age groups. RESULTS: Changes in global cartilage T2 values after running did not differ significantly between the age groups. In terms of the depth variation, relatively higher T2 values in the older group than in the younger group were observed mainly in the superficial layers of the femoral and tibial cartilage (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Age-related cartilage changes may occur mainly in the superficial layer of cartilage where collagen matrix degeneration is primarily initiated. However, no trend is observed regarding a global T2 changes between the younger and older age groups in response to exercise.
Age Factors ; Aging/physiology ; *Athletes ; Cartilage, Articular/*physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Knee Joint/*physiology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/*methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Running/*physiology ; Statistics, Nonparametric ; Weight-Bearing/physiology ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND: This study was designed to examine how glutathione, one of the nucleophilic sulfur compounds, effects the cisplatin cellular toxicity in the non-small cell lung cancer cell lines and normal lung epithel ial cell line. METHODS: Three cultured cell lines, the lung adenocarcinoma cell(NCL-H23), the lung squamous carcinoma cell (SK-MES-1) and the normal lung epithelial cell(L-132) line were exposed to various concentrations of cisplation with or without glutathione. The relative viability was estimated as a means of measuring the cisplatin cellular toxicity using the MTT method. RESULTS: In NCL-23, the response to cisplatin was sensitive but glutathione markedly increased the relative survival of the tumor cells by removing the antitumor effect of cisplatin. In both SK-MES-1 and L-132, the responses to cisplatin were less sensitive, and the chemoprotective effect of glutathione compared to an equal cisplatin dose was signigicantly higher in L-132 than in SK-MES-1(p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The protective effects of glutathione on cisplatin-induced cellular toxicity is more signigicant in normal lung epithelial cells than in squamous carcinoma cells.
Adenocarcinoma ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cell Line* ; Cells, Cultured ; Cisplatin ; Epithelial Cells ; Glutathione* ; Lung ; Sulfur Compounds

Human ovarian follicles reduce rapidly in number throughout fetal and adult life. Throughout the menstrual cycles, primordial follicles grow into mature follicles and then ovulate to form corpus luteum. Apoptosis has been implicated in several events that occur during the process of follicular growth, atresia and the regression of the corpus luteum. By the use of immunohistochemistry, we clarified the involvement of apoptosis in the human ovary during follicular growth, regression and atresia by investigating the expression of Fas, Fas-ligand, Bcl-2 and Bad in primordial follicles, primary follicles and mature follicles. Fas immunostaining was present in primordial oocytes, both oocytes and granulosa cells of primary follicles, preantral follicles and all follicular cells of mature follicles. Fas-ligand and Bad immunostaining patterns were similar to those of Fas except for theca cells. Bcl-2 immunostaining was present in both oocytes and granulosa cells of primary, preantral and mature follicles. In corpus luteum, Fas, Fas-ligand, Bcl-2 and Bad immunostaining were observed and decreased in the regressing corpus luteum. In postmenopausal ovary, Fas, Fas-ligand, Bcl-2 and Bad immunostaining were entirely negative. Bad immunostaining was observed but Bcl-2 was not in atretic follicle. These results suggest that Fas, Fas-ligand, Bcl-2 and Bad may play important roles in human ovary during follicular growth, regression and atresia simultaneously. Further studies should be required to elucidate the underlying mechanism and apoptosis of the disease associated with normal and abnormal ovarian aging.
Adult ; Aging ; Apoptosis ; Corpus Luteum ; Female ; Granulosa Cells ; Humans* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Menstrual Cycle ; Oocytes ; Ovarian Follicle* ; Ovary ; Theca Cells

Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid molecule that mediates cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and angiogenesis in vivo. However, the roles of S1P on pathogenesis of arthritis have been not completely understood. This study was designed to determine the effects of S1P modulation on collageninduced arthritis (CIA) model. DBA/1J mice were injected with collagen into the tail for induction of CIA model. S1P was administered into the peritoneal cavity every other days from day 1 to day 42 after collagen injection. To determine the degree of damage in CIA, we examined macroscopic findings of CIA. The inflammation and bone destruction of CIA mice were evaluated by histo-patholigy and radiography (CT and microradiography). The expressions of TNF-alpha, IL-6, and RANKL which have important roles in pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and bone destruction were observed by immuno-histochemical staining. After injection with collagen in the DBA/1J mice, CIA was induced by swelling in the knee and ankle joint. Administration of S1P suppressed damages and incidence of arthritis elicited by collagen. In histologic and radiographic studies, S1P strongly suppressed the infiltration of inflammatory cells, the swelling of synovial membrane, erosion, and the destruction of bone on CIA mice. Injection of S1P resulted in down-regulation of the expression of the pro-inflammatory and bone destruction mediators such as TNF-alpha, IL-6, and RANKL on CIA mice. Furthermore, S1P suppressed the differentiation of bone marrow cells into osteoclasts by RANKL. In conclusion, this study suggest that S1P has protective effects on inflammation and bone destruction during pathogenesis of CIA, which indicates S1P can be a new possible therapeutic strategy for rheumatoid arthritis
Animals ; Ankle Joint ; Arthritis ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid* ; Bone Marrow Cells ; Cell Proliferation ; Collagen ; Down-Regulation ; Incidence ; Inflammation* ; Interleukin-6 ; Knee ; Mice* ; Osteoclasts ; Peritoneal Cavity ; Radiography ; Sphingosine ; Synovial Membrane ; Tail ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha