Objective To analyze the risk factors for drug-induced hypoglycemia in elderly diabetic patients,and to provide the basis for clinical prevention and treatment.Methods 78 cases with drug-induced hypoglycemia in elderly diabetic patients (observation group) and 256 elderly diabetic patients without drug-induced hypoglycemia(control group) were included,and the relative factors for drug-induced hypoglycemia were analyzed between the two groups.Results The stable rate of patient's condition was lower in observation group than in control group [38.5％ (30/78) vs.52.7％(135/256),x2 =4.872,P＜0.05].There were 9 cases (11.5％)、with alimentary control,28 cases (35.9％) treated with insulin and 41 cases (52.6％) treated with sulfonamide in observation group,and 89 cases (35.9％) with alimentary control,89 cases (34.8％) treated with insulin and 78 cases (30.4％) treated with sulfonamide in control group.The alimentary control was lower in observation group than in control group(x2 =15.557,P＜0.001).There was no difference in successful rate of insulin treatment between the two groups(x2 =0.034,P＞0.05).The successful rate of sulfonamide treatment was higher in observation group than in control group(x2 =12.726,P＜ 0.001).The age was older in observation group than in control group(t=2.494,P＜0.01).The body mass indexes and glycosylated hemoglobin level were lower in observation group than in control group(t=4.334 and 7.251,both P＜0.001).There were no differences in fasting blood-glucose and serum creatinine levels between the two groups(t=1.010 and 0.297,both P＞0.05).The course of diabetes was longer in observation group than in control group(t=2.579,P＜0.01).Conclusions The relative factors for drug-induced hypoglycemia in elderly diabetic patients include older age,longer course of diabetes,lower body mass index,lower fasting blood-glucose level,poorer glycemic control and higher dose of sulfonamide treatment.

OBJECTIVE To know the incidence, etiology, risk factors of hospital-acquired pneumonia(HAP). METHODS From Jan 2003 to Dec 2004, 129 cases of HAP were retrospectively studied. Epidemiologic data, etiology , and evolution of pneumonia were recorded. RESULTS The 115 patients with HAP had one or more intrinsic risk factors, mainly malnutrition (albumin values

Objective To compare the impacts of four different intravenous anesthetic agents on middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity(V‐MCA) during the anesthesia induction period .Methods Totally 80 cases were randomly divided into four groups (n=20) ,maintenance drugs of anesthesia were propofol 2 .00 mg/kg ,etomidate 0 .30 mg/kg ,midazolam 0 .15 mg/kg and dezocine 0 .20 mg/kg respectively ,the bispectral index (BIS) value was dropping to below 50 ,the endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation were performed .The transcranial Doppler (TCD) monitoring was adopted to monitor and record middle cerebral artery mean flow velocity (Vm‐MCA) ,mean arterial pressure (MAP) ,heart rate (HR) ,systolic blood pressure (SBP) ,diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in the four groups before induction after entering operation room (T0 ) ,at1 min before intubation (T1 ) ,immediate intubation (T2 ) ,at 1 min after intubation (T3 ) ,3 min after intubation (T4 ) ,5 min after intubation (T5 ) .Results Except for the midazolam group ,Vm‐MCA at T1 in the other three groups were significantly lower that that in the T0 group (P< 0 .05);Vm‐MCA ,SBP ,DBP after intubation in the midazolam group and the etomidate group were significantly increased compared with the basic values ,while the difference between the propofol group and the dezocine group had no statistical significance (P>0 .05) .Con‐clusion midazolam and etomidate are weaker than propofol and dezocine in the aspect of inhibiting the middle cerebral arterial blood flow fluctuations caused by intubation .

Angiogenesis and invasion are two remarkable features of spongioblastoma,which lead to the failure of clinical treatment.With the development of the glioma（s） molecular biology mechanism in the realm of angiogenesis,some anti-angiogenesis drugs have got a positive therapeutic efficacy in the clinical trials,such as bevacizumab.However,it is reported that these drugs maybe also enhance the invasion and migration ability of glioma cells in the process of anti-angiogenesis therapy.Matrix metalloproteinases,hypoxia induced factor-1 and the inositol-requiring enzyme-1 maybe have some correlations with the change of the invasion and migration,but the molecular biological mechanism needs further research.

Objective:To explore the imaging features of complicated lymphocele after the pelvic lymph node dissection. Methods: After pelvic lymph nodes dissection, lymphoceles in pelvic cavity of 47 patients with gynecological malignant tumor were found by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and all of these imaging data were retrospectively analyzed.Results:All of 47 cases had lymphoceles in pelvic cavity, and the number of lymph node lesion was 52 (30 were at left side of pelvis, 22 were at right side of pelvis); the distribution of most lymphocele were around of external vein and artery of iliac; the main MRI features were roundness, oval, reniform or dumb-bell shape with smooth and uniform lymphocele wall, and the intracystic manifestations were long T1signal and long T2signal; the manifestation of DWI was high signal of limited dispersion; after enhancement scan, the wall of lymphocele and intracyst appeared middle reinforcement signal, and there was no obvious reinforcement signal in cystic contents.Conclusion: There are characteristic MRI imaging manifestations in lymphocele, and the diagnosis of MRI is reliable and accurate.

Objective:This paper explores the development characteristics of posttraumatic growth,and the acceleration of resiliency in posttraumatic growth among adolescents after Wenchuan Earthquake.Methods:We constructed our sample which consisted of 46 adolescents who had traumatic experience in the Wenchuan Earthquake using stratified sampling method.We tracked and monitored the psychological well-being of our subjects for approximately two and half years and six months using questionnaires.9 individuals from the sample were selected based on purposeful sampling according to the longitudinal data and in-depth interviews were conducted for these selected adolescents.The data were collected by semi-structured interviews,organized by Nvivo8.0 and analyzed using thematic analysis.Results:Posttraumatic growth contained four dimensions,including new possibility of the emergence,positive changes of attitude in interpersonal relationship and in philosophy of life,personal strength except altruistic behavior and spiritual change.Protective factors of resiliency among the interviewed students showed individual and gender differences,adolescents with a higher level of resilience had a higher level of posttraumatic growth.Conclusion:The dimensions of posttraumatic growth have unique features.Resilience plays an important role in facilitating individual's posttraumatic growth after the Wenchuan Earthquake.Positive experience in the past and the positive reflection on the event can promote the level of posttraumatic growth.

AIM: To observe the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1? (HIF-1?) gene and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) gene in pulmonary arteries in hypoxic rats. METHODS: Forty male Wistar rats were exposed to hypoxia for 0, 3, 7, 14 or 21 days. Mean pulmonary pressure (mPAP), vessel morphometry, right ventricle hypertrophy index (RVHI) were measured. Lungs were either inflation fixed for immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization or frozen for later measurement of HO-1 enzyme activity. RESULTS: During hypoxia, mPAP increased to significantly higher values than the control values after 7-day of hypoxia,reaching its peak after 14-day of hypoxia, then remained on the high level. Pulmonary artery remodeling developed significantly after 14-day of hypoxia. Expression of HIF-1? protein in control was poorly positive, but was up-regulated in pulmonary arterial tunica intimae of all hypoxic rats. In pulmonary arterial tunica media, the levels of HIF-1? protein were markedly up-regulated after 3-day and 7-day of hypoxia, then tended to decline after 14-day and 21-day of hypoxia. HIF-1? mRNA staining was poorly positive in control, hypoxia for 3 days and hypoxia for 7 days, but began to enhance significantly after 14-day of hypoxia, then remained stable. Expression of HO-1 protein began to increase after 7-day of hypoxia, reaching its peak after 14-day of hypoxia, then remained stable. Expression of HO-1 mRNA began to increase after 3-day of hypoxia, reaching its peak after 7-day of hypoxia, then declined. CONCLUSION: HIF-1? and HO-1 are both involved in the pathogenesis of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats. Furthermore, HIF-1? may inter-regulate with HO-1 gene in this process.

Objective To explore the relationships between life events,automatic thoughts,coping style and internet addiction disorder(IAD) of adolescent . Methods 54 cases of the IAD were assessed with the Adolescent Self-rating Life Events,Automatic Thought questionnaire and Coping Style questionnaire. Results Life events, automatic thoughts,and coping style were significantly correlated with IAD (r =0.312,r =0.325,r =0.295) ( P <0.01).There were significant correlations between life events and automatic thought, life events and coping style(r =0.554,r =0.392) ( P <0.01).The multiple linear stepwise regression revealed that only life events entered on the regression equation when the score of IAD server as dependent variable. Conclusion There may be three ways that life events influence in IAD:life events influence in IAD directly,life events influence in IAD by the mediators,automatic thought and coping style indirectly.Automatic thoughts and life events is not a necessary condition that led to internet addiction and life events may be influence in IAD by other ways.

This article reveals the present state of teaching staff in teaching hospitals and difficulties and obstacles the hospitals confront when conducting the clinical courses through the investigation and analysis of 6 teaching hospitals.It provides a very useful reference for teaching hospitals in term of expanding their teaching resources and carrying out staff training.

The university students must promote themselves to become persons with sound personality in order to adapt to the society request for talents.But the university students experience emotion burnout and the deviation of development in mental and behavior during the period full of variety and surging.So the education of sound personality should be placed in the higher education to raise the university student's comprehensive character.