Objective According to the latest global Analysis Quality by Design(AQbD) and whole life cycle concept, a neutralizing antibody detection method for clinical and epidemiological investigations of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XBB.1.5.Methods Based on the established neutralizing antibody detection method(CPE method) of SARS-CoV-2 prototype strain, a risk assessment was conducted for the potential impact factors introduced by changes in the XBB.1.5 on the neutralizing antibody detection method. The main risk factors were conditionally optimized to obtain the detection method adapted to the XBB.1.5. The method was validated for the various performance indicators and demonstrated to meet the pre-set Analysis Target Profile(ATP)by method validation.Results The main risk factors introduced by the XBB.1.5 change were the cells,culture media, and the time for result determination. Through optimization of the experimental conditions, the best detection conditions for XBB.1.5 were ultimately determined to be observation on the 5th day, using Vero-E6 cells in DMEM culture medium. It was verified that the method had a relative accuracy and intermediate precision of average relative bias of-9. 2%to 2. 9%, and a GCV of 33. 2% to 47. 1%, which met the requirements of ATP. Meanwhile the misjudgment rate of the method was less than 1. 6%.Conclusion Based on the AQbD and whole life cycle research concept, a neutralizing antibody detection method for the SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5 variant has been established, which was verified to meet the original ATP,and can be used for neutralizing antibody detection in clinical and epidemiological investigations.

In this study, the effect of Rhizoma Alismatis on experimentel fat rat caused by monosodium glutamate which was injected hypodermically at large doses into fant rats has been observed.The conclusion of experiment shows that the rat weight increased, the Lee exponent value was obviously larger than that of control group, the fat in body was accumulated in abundance and the content of serum triglyceride markedly rose after 10 weeks when monosodium glutamate was injected. The Rhizoma Alismatis can reduce Lee exponent value of fat mice, fat exponent and serum triglyceride content in periphery of uterus and testis, which suggested that it possessed a certain action against fat.

Objective To investigate the relationship between N-methyl-D aspartate (NMDA) receptors and the hypnotic and analgesic effects of enflurane, isoflurane and sevoflurane. Methods Kunming mice weighing 18-22 g were used in this study. The experiment was carried out in 2 parts. In Part I 120 mice were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =40 each); each group received intraperitoneal (IP) enflurane 2 ml?kg-1 or isoflurane 1.2 ml?kg-1 or sevoflurane 5 ml?kg-1 . Each group was further divided randomly into 4 subgroups ( n = 10 each) and each subgroup received artificial cerebro-spinal fluid (aCSF) 10 ?l or NMDA 25, 50 or 75 ng in 10 ?l aCSF injected into the lateral ventricle of the brain as soon as the animals lost righting reflex. The time for the recovery of righting reflex was recorded. In Part Ⅱ 160 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 40 each) : ( 1) control group received no inhalation anesthetic; (2) enflurane group received enflurane 1.5 ml?kg-1 subcutaneously s.c. ; (3) isoflurane group isoflurane 0.8 ml?kg-1 s.c. and (4) sevoflurane group sevoflurane 4.5 ml ?kg-1 s.c. Each group was further divided randomly into 4 subgroups ( n = 10 each). Each subgroup received intrathecal (IT) aCSF 10 ?l or NMDA 2.5 ng or 5.0 ng or 10 ng in aCSF 10 ?l at 10 min after subcutaneous injection of inhalation anesthetic. 6% acetic acid 0.1 ml?10 g-1 was injected IP at 1 min after intrathecal administration. The number of writhing induced by acetic acid was recorded. Results In Part Ⅰ of the experiment there was no significant difference in the duration of anesthesia induced by the 3 inhalation anesthetics between the 4 subgroups. In Part Ⅱ subcutaneous injection of the 3 inhalation anesthetics significantly reduced the number of writhing induced by IP acetic acid. In control group which received no inhalation anesthetic there was no significant difference in the number of writhing between the 4 subgroups. In the 3 inhalation anesthetic groups NMDA5. 0 and 10 ng IT significantly increased the number of writhing induced by IP acetic acid in a dose dependent manner as compared with aCSF subgroup. Conclusion Cerebral NMDA receptors do not play an important role in the hypnotic effect of enflurane, isoflurane and sevoflurane while spinal NMDA receptors are involved in the analgesic effect of the 3 inhalation anesthetics.

0.05);in contrast, intrathecal NMDA 2.5,5,10 ng could significantly and dose dependently decrease the HPPT(P

AlM: To discuss the application effect of surgical simulator to improve the microsurgical skills in junior ophthalmologist. METHODS: Lecture teaching, training in surgical simulator and operation in animal eyes were received in all these ophthalmologists. Results of the ability of operation in cataract surgery after this training were analyzed. RESULTS: After taught theory, students completed cataract surgical procedures on simulator and the mean test score was 75. 91 ± 6. 53 points. After trained on simulator repeatedly, the mean test score was 85. 57±4. 64 points. There was statistically significant difference ( P<0. 01) . During the third stage of practicing on animal eyes, the score was 89. 77 ± 7. 61 points, there was statistically significant difference compared with former two stages (P<0. 05).CONCLUSlON: Comprehensive training can improve microsurgical skills of junior ophthalmologist, but the long effect need to be observed.

Effects of mannan-oligosaccharide (MOS) on the growth of Lactobacillus were investigated by pure culture of three swine originated Lactobacillus strains or co-culture with swine pathogenic E. coli. The pure culture results revealed that OD values and lactic acid concentration of three Lactobacillus strains in the MOS supplemented cultures were higher than those of the control group without MOS supplementation, a lower pH was observed for MOS supplement compared with that of the control group. The co-culture results showed that MOS were utilized by both Lactobacillus strains and swine pathogenic E. coli strain. But Lac-tobacillus grew faster than the latter. A significant increase in lactic acid concentration (P

Objective: To observe the efficacy of unblocking and regulating the Belt Vessel acupuncture method for patients with abdominal obesity in Germany and its influence on the body fat parameters and glycolipids metabolism. Methods: A total of 82 cases of abdominal obesity in Germany were selected. There were two dropout cases in the treatment process. All of the patients received acupuncture at Daimai (GB26), Daheng (SP15), Tianshu (ST25), Zhongwan (CV12), Shuidao (ST28), Waiguan (TE5), and Zulinqi (GB41). The patients received acupuncture therapy once every 2-3 d, 3 times a week. The treatment duration lasted 4 weeks. Before and after treatment, the body mass (BM), waist circumference (WC), abdominal circumference (AC), hip circumference (HC), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and fasting blood glucose (GLU) were measured respectively, and the body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and body fat rate (BFR) were calculated. Results: After treatment, the total effective rate was 72.5％; the levels of BM, WC, AC, HC, BMI, WHR, WHtR, BFR, TC, LDL-C, and GLU declined significantly compared with those before treatment (P<0.01), while the TG and HDL-C slightly declined, but the differences were statistically insignificant (P>0.05). Conclusion: The unblocking and regulating the Belt Vessel acupuncture method can significantly reduce body fat parameters such as BM, AC, and BFR, and correct the disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with abdominal obesity in Germany.

This article was aimed to study anti-inflammatory effects of petroleum ether extract from Citrullus lanatus vine (PEECLV) and explore the mechanism. The methods of ear swelling with xylene, increasing of peritoneal capil-lary permeability, and paw edema with egg albumin were used in the establishment of mice models, respectively. Granuloma with cotton pellet, and paw edema with carrageenan were used in the establishment of rat models, re-spectively. Observation was made on anti-inflammatory effects of PEECLV. The content of nitrous oxide (NO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS), as well as the level of TNF-α and IL-1β in blood serum were measured among granu-loma with cotton pellet rat models. Contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), 5-HT, histamine (His), and protein in inflammatory exudates from the paw edema with carrageenan rat model, as well as contents of NO and NOS in blood serum, and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured in order to study the possi-ble anti-inflammatory effects. The results showed that PEECLV can suppress the ear swelling with xylene, the in-creasing of peritoneal capillary permeability, and the paw edema with egg albumin in mice, as well as granuloma with cotton pellet, paw edema with carrageenan in rats. It had anti-inflammatory effects at different degrees. The content of NO and NOS, as well as the level of TNF-α and IL-1β in blood serum were reduced in granuloma with cotton pellet rat models. The content of MDA, PGE2, 5-HT, His, and protein content were reduced in inflammatory exudates from the paw edema with carrageenan rat model. The increasing of NO and NOS in blood serum was inhib-ited. And the activity of SOD was increased. It was concluded that PEECLV had certain anti-inflammatory effects. Its mechanism may be related to the influence of the production of inflammatory mediators and antioxidant.

Aim Tongluoxingnao effervescent tablets ( TLXNET) ,based on the ancient formula of QiongGui Tang, can improve cognitive dysfunction in different AD models. This research is aimed to study the effects of TLXNET on the Aβmetabolism and explore the anti-AD mechanism in SH-SY5 Y-APP and SH-SY5 Y-C99 cells. Methods Cells were incubated for 48h in dif-ferent concentrations of medicated serum ( containing 0% ~40% of TLXNET in the serum ) . Firstly, the non-toxic concentration was measured by MTT assay, the activity of cells was detected by LDH methods, and ELISA was used to measure the levels of Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 . Then, the gene and protein expressions of APP were detected via RT-PCR and Western blot of which the expressions of shearing fragments such as sAPPα and sAPPβ were investigated by Western blot, the same as the expressions of IDE and NEP. Addi-tionally, the level of mRNA, protein and activity of BACE1 were measured by qRT-PCR, Western blot and fluorescence detection kits respectively. Eventually, MTT assay was performed to detect the cell viability after the SH - SY 5 Y cells were treated with various concentrations of medicated serum and Aβ25-35 for 48h. Results There was no significant toxicity of TLXNET medicated serum in SH-SY5 Y-APP and SH-SY5 Y-C99 cells ( P >0 . 05 ) . TLXNET could signifi-cantly inhibit Aβ secretion in SH-SY5 Y-APP cells ( P<0 . 05 ) , but had no effect on Aβ secretion in SH-SY5Y-C99 cells, the same as the level of APP mRNA and protein in SH-SY5 Y-APP cells and the expressions of IDE and NEP (P>0. 05). Additionally, TLXNET could still notably inhibit the expression of sAPPβ pro-tein in a dose-dependent way, with statistical signifi-cance ( P <0. 05 ) . Meanwhile, the level of mRNA, protein and activity of BACE1 were also significantly decreased by TLXNET (P <0. 01). Moreover, the medicated serum of TLXNET had a protective effect on SH-SY5 Y apoptosis induced by Aβ25-35 ( P <0 . 01 ) . Conclusion TLXNET could obviously inhibit β-secretase enzyme, and has an antagonistic effect a-gainst Aβneurotoxicity, which suggests that the inhibi-tion of β-secretase enzyme and antagonism against Aβneurotoxicity are the main anti-AD mechanism of TLX-NET .

Objective To evaluate the expression of molecular markers in prostate cancer and to clarify the significance of these markers as prognostic indicators for androgen deprivation therapy. Methods A series of 116 prostate cancer patients under androgen deprivation therapy as a single treatment was reviewed. Expression levels of 7 proteins, including androgen receptor(AR),E-cadherin, Chromogranin A(CgA) , Ki-67, Survivin, EZH2 and hepsin, were measured by immunohistochemical staining. Results Of the 7 molecules. Ki67,EZH2 and Survivin expression were significantly associated with several conventional prognostic factors. Univariate analysis identified clinical stage, Glea-son scores,pretreatment serum PSA level, Ki-67 and Survivin expression as significant predictors for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression after endocrine therapy. Of these significant factors, Survivin expression, clinical stage and Gleason scores appeared to be independently related to PSA progression after endocrine therapy by multivariate analysis. Furthermore, there were significant differences in PSA progression-free survival according to positive numbers of these three independent risk factors. Conclusion Survivin could be a useful independent prognostic factor in prostate cancer with endocrine therapy, besides clinical stage and Gleason score.