HRP-anti-HRP complex was injected into BALB/c mice through the tail vein. 24 hours later, the spleens of mice were removed, fixed and cut into slices. After incubation in DAB/H_2O_2 the follicular dendritic cell (FDC) distribution area could be defined at a certain part of lymph nodule. Light microscopic and stereologic analysis study on the lymphocytes at intra- and extra- FDC distribution area were carried out. The results revealed that lymphocytes at intra- and extra- FDC distribution area were composed of various lymphocytes populations of different sizes. The cell populations at intra-FDC distribution area were mainly composed of large and medium sized lymphocytes, while the populations at extra-FDC distribution area were mainly medium sized and small lymphocytes. As a result, FDC always exists on the location where lymphoblastic phenomenon appears. This indicates that FDC has certain relation with the lymphoblastic phenomenon.

Objectives To understand the current situation and evaluation about the employer's demand of knowledge level and comprehensive ability of professional undergraduate talents in the health management. Methods Using self-designed questionnaire, the investigation was carried out on the company executives and teachers from 12 health management-related enterprises where health management graduates of Hangzhou Normal University practice internships . A total of 31 valid questionnaires were recovered . SPSS 19.0 software was used to conduct descriptive analysis, hierarchical analysis and rank-sum test of one-way ordinal data. Results Employers believe that students need to strengthen the knowledge of health man-agement and medical knowledge, and the top three skills that students are most likely to improve are common disease management skills, health risk factors intervention skills and health monitoring skills. Amongst those areas of professional abilities that need improving, three of the most important skill sets include suffi-cient fundamental knowledge in medicine and pharmacology, analytical and problem-solving abilities and teamwork as well as communication skills. There is a significant difference among the level of students' pro-fessional knowledge, the level of their professional skills and the level of their comprehensive ability by the rank-sum test (P<0.05). Conclusion According to the results of the demand-side's survey, training of health management undergraduate talents should increase the proportion of teaching about medical theory knowledge, redesign practical teaching modules, carry out foreign language learning as well as promoting the training method of health talents by the means of information, in order to optimize the training of profes-sional health talents through multi-angle as well as multi-level.

Objective To investigate whether non-critical coronary stenosis can be detected by coherent contrast imaging(CCI) at rest without stress.Methods Three degrees of stenosis were made in left anterior descending of 12 dogs.Myocardial contrast echocardiography(MCE) was performed with CCI and the correlation among the variables of MCE curve and the degrees of stenosis were analyzed by cubic regression.Results The time to peak was significantly prolonged with progressive coronary stenosis (P＜0.01) and related to the degree of stenosis (R~2=0.991,P＜0.001).Conclusions CCI could be used to detected non-critical coronary stenosis at rest without stress.

Objective To detect the expression levels of adipose-specific phospholipase A2 (AdPLA) mRNA in orbital adipose tissue of thepatients with thyroid associated ophthalmopathy and the normals.Methods Sixteen patients with TAO of m level and stationary phase underwent orbital decompression,and 29 normals underwent ocular plastic surgery in Shenzhen Eye Hospital between August,2015 and October,2016.Orbital fat samples were collected from one eyes of these patients during surgery.The age,gender,height,weight,body mass index (BMI),exophthalmos degree,orbital fat of the patients with TAO and the normals were recorded and calculated.Using real time PCR,the AdPLA mRNA were detected from these orbital fat samples.Results There was no significant difference between the patients with TAO and the normals in age,gender,and BMI (all P ＞ 0.05).TAO group had more exophthalmos degree (20.406 ± 1.369)mm than the normals (14.207 ± 1.146) mm.TAO group had more orbital fat (32.162 ± 1.923) mL than the normals (24.279 ± 1.070) mL.The average expression level of AdPLA in patients with TAO was 0.039 42 ± 0.009 85,and 0.004 42 ± 0.001 36 in the normal.There was significant difference between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The patients with TAO of Ⅲ level and stationary phase have more exophthalmos degree and orbital fat than the normals.AdPLA mRNA is higher expressed in orbital adipose tissue of the patients with TAO of Ⅲ level and stationary phase than the normals.The high expression of AdPLA may reduce lipolysis in the orbital adipose tissue,lead to fat accumulation in orbits,and aggravate exophthalmos of patients with TAO.

OBJECTIVETo study the characteristics of dry matter accumulation and N, P, K, Ca and Mg accumulation and distribution of Chrysanthemum morifolium.

METHODThe sampling were carried out on the different growing time of C. morifolium, and the amount of dry matter and the content of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in all parts of the plant were measured.

RESULTThe dry matter accumulation was lineally increased with the absorption and accumulation of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg. In different growing periods, the accumulation and distribution of mineral nutrition were different in C. morifolium. The mineral nutrition was mostly in the leaf of the plant in the vegetative period. When the growth changed from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, the mineral nutrition was transferred and distributed into bud, flower and root shoot. And the period of flower bud differentiation of C. morifolium was the period of maximal accumulation of dry matter and showed the maximum efficiency of N, P and K nutrition. For production of 100 kg dry flower 4.13 kg N, 0.37 kg P, 5.03 kg K, 3.03 kg Ca and 0.81 kg Mg were needed. And the ratio of them was 1:0.09:1.22:0.73:0.20.

CONCLUSIONThe period of flower bud differentiation is the most crucial period in the growth of C. morifolium. And it must pay attention to the supply of mineral nutrition and moisture of plant to promote flower formation and dry matter accumulation in this period. It is strongly recommended that the phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be early applied, the nitrogenous fertilizer should be applied dividedly, and the calcium magnesium fertilizers are also applied properly.

Calcium ; metabolism ; Chrysanthemum ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Nitrogen ; metabolism ; Phosphorus ; metabolism ; Plant Structures ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Potassium ; metabolism

OBJECTIVEIn order to provide a scientific fertilizer application for the standardized cultivation, the effects of phosphate (P) fertilizer on the active ingredients and antioxidant activities of Chrysanthemum morifolium were studied.

METHODPot experiment was adopted to study the effects of P supply on the yield and the content of flavonoids, chlorogenic acid, soluble sugar, soluble amino acids and crude protein of C. morifolium flower. And effects of P supply on the hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, superoxide anion radical scavenging activity, and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl hydrate (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity of flower were researched too.

RESULTThe yield of C. morifolium dry flower increased 129. 94% when P fertilizer was applied. Appropriate application of P fertilizer could also significantly improve the content and accumulation of total flavonoids, chlorogenic acid and soluble sugar in C. morifolium. Thus, the inhibition rates of hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion radical and DPPH free radical of C. morifolium was increased. When the level of P supply exceeded 0.20 g P2O5 per plant, P had also negative influence on the yield and the content of active ingredients and the scavenging activity of hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion radical and DPPH free radical of C. morifolium. Furthermore, there were significant positive correlations between the content of total flavonoids and chlorogenic acid and the inhibition rate of hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion radical and DPPH free radical, respectively.

CONCLUSIONAppropriate application of P fertilizer could be beneficial to the increase the active components and antioxidant activity of C. morifolium. And recommended level of P fertilizer is 0.26-0.28 g x kg(-1).

Antioxidants ; analysis ; metabolism ; Chrysanthemum ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Fertilizers ; analysis ; Phosphates ; metabolism ; Plant Extracts ; analysis ; metabolism

Flavonoids are an important effective component of traditional Chinese medicine, which are widely distributed in the plant kingdom. The biosynthesis of flavonoid in plants is affected and regulated by various environmental factors. For a necessary environmental factor to plant growth and development, mineral nutrients are paid more and more attention on the regulation to the metabolism of flavonoids in medicinal plants. In this paper, an overview of flavonoids biosynthetic pathway, and the macroelements, microelements and rare earth elements on the metabolism of flavonoids in medicinal plants are presented. And the regulation mechanism of them are also analyzed and discussed.
Flavonoids ; analysis ; metabolism ; Minerals ; analysis ; metabolism ; Nutrition Assessment ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; metabolism

Sanqi, Panax notoginseng, is a famous traditional Chinese herb, which has more than 400 years cultivation history in China. This paper has reviewed the studies on the suitable growing soil conditions for Sanqi, mineral nutrition effects on Sanqi, and the effects of nutrients uptake on the yield and quality of Sanqi by applying fertilizer. Thereafter, research needed to be put further efforts in the future has raised for discussion, and outlined the following topics for further research like the mechanism of mineral nutrition, methods of nutrients deficiency diagnosis on site, suitable cultivated soil grading special fertizer development, disease resistance, and fertilization recommended by soil testing.
Agriculture ; Fertilizers ; analysis ; Nitrogen ; analysis ; metabolism ; Panax notoginseng ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Phosphates ; analysis ; metabolism ; Plants, Medicinal ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Potassium ; analysis ; metabolism

OBJECTIVEIn order to provide a scientific water management for the standardized cultivation, the effects of soil water content on the seedlings growth and active ingredients of S. miltiorrhiza were studied.

METHODA water stress experiment with pot culture was applied to study the effects of different soil water content on the seedlings growth, biomass and the accumulation of tanshinone, salvianolic acid B and mineral nutrition of S. miltiorrhiza.

RESULTSoil water content had serious influence on the growth, yield, outer appearance and inner quality of S. miltiorrhiza when the soil was under severe drought or with too much water. But the shoot and root biomass of S. miltiorrhiza was increased significantly under mild drought. As well as the content and cumulant of dihydrotanshinone I , cryptotanshinone, tanshinone I , tanshinone IIA and salvianolic acid B in root of mild drought were increased. It also enhanced the P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn, Cu and Fe contents of S. miltiorrhiza under mild drought.

CONCLUSIONThe overall results from the experiment suggest that the appropriate soil water content is 55% to 60% in seedling stage of S. miltiorrhiza. And it will be strongly recommended that the ridge culture and suitable soil moisture management must be carry out in production of S. miltiorrhiza in order to improve the yield and quality of medicinal materials.

Benzofurans ; analysis ; Biomass ; Diterpenes, Abietane ; analysis ; Minerals ; analysis ; Plant Roots ; growth & development ; microbiology ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Seedlings ; growth & development ; Soil ; chemistry ; Stress, Physiological ; Water