The outcomes of treatment of 31 patients who were managed by single visual internal urethrotomy were compared with those of 25 patients managed by perineal urethroplasty to asses whether the replacement of almost urethroplasty by the simpler urethrotomy was justified. The overall successful results were achieved in 51.6% of visual internal urethrotomy and 76%, of urethroplasty. Patients with anterior urethral strictures more than 1 cm long or completely obliterated strictures had higher failure rates in the visual internal urethrotomy than urethroplasty (p<0.05). The morbidity rates were 9.6% in the visual internal urethrotomy and 24% in the urethroplasty. We recommend that visual internal urethrotomy be reserved for patients with urethral strictures 1 cm or less in length and posterior urethral stricture which is supposed to have a high recurrence rate since the procedure is simple and it does not compromise asecondary urethroplasty.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Equidae ; Humans ; Recurrence ; Urethral Stricture*

Most of cataract surgeons have made a great effort to minimize or nullify corneal 'astigmatism resulted from the incision and closure, but a completely ideal wound system still eludes us. The scleral pocket incision and continuous single knotted shoelace suture of it has been known as one of the technique for reducing postoperative astigmatism. Recently, horizontal suture closure of scleral pocket incisior has been introduced because it doesn't cause suture induced wound compression. We implanted standard PMMA intraocular lenses in the bag of 400 patients through 7mm scleral pocket incision following CCC (continuous circular capsulorhexis) and bimanual phacoemulsification. The incision was closed with either the shoelace or horizontal suture. The keratometric measurement was maded at postoperative 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 2 month, 3 month and 6 month. In shoelace suture group, the preoperative corneal astigmatism appeared -0.14 +/- 0.15D of with the rule astigmatism (WTR); at one day postoperatively -2.75 +/- 1.61 of WTR, at 3 month 0.18 +/- 1.14D of against the rule astigmatism (ATR), 6 month 0.3 +/- 1.22D of ATR. In horizontal suture group, the preoperative corneal astigmatism appeared -0.22 +/- 1.22D of WTR; at one day postoperatively -1.05 +/- 1.28 of WTR, at 2 month 0.57 +/- 1.0 of ATR, at 6 month 0.72 +/- 1.91 of ATR. The difference between two suture methods was statistically significant (p<0.01 until 3 month, p<0.05 until 3-6 month).
Astigmatism* ; Cataract ; Humans ; Lenses, Intraocular ; Phacoemulsification ; Polymethyl Methacrylate ; Sutures* ; Wounds and Injuries

This is a report of 2-cases of mandibular prognathism corrected by Intraoral oblique splitting osteotomy of mandibular rami. The Intraoral oblique splitting osteotomy is a modification of sagittal split osteotomy of ramus and it is documented by Yoshida, on 1985. By this method, authors obtained the following results. 1. The patients' esthetic, psychological and functional problems were dissolved by setback of mandibular prognathism. 2. The postoperative infection splitted bone segments fracture, paresthesia of the face and T.M.J. dysfunction were not appeared. 3. Postoperative intermaxillary fixation was maintained for 8 weeks. The patients could open their mouths in normal range after a week of intermaxillary fixation removal. 4. The soft tissue changes of lower lip and chin were about 1:1 to the hard tissue changes. 5. During intermaxillary fixation period and postoperative orthodontic treatment, slight relapse was observed. Now, the patients are under postoperative orthodontic treatment.
Chin ; Humans ; Lip ; Methods ; Mouth ; Osteotomy* ; Paresthesia ; Prognathism* ; Recurrence ; Reference Values

FDT is known as a comfortable and convenient device, and there was no restriction in pupil size and refractive error within 7 diopters.To compare the effectiveness of secreening and N-30 mode in FDT, new field analyzer. Twenty-three POAG or ocular hypertension patients(43 eyes)were included in this study. All subjects underwent FDT screening and N-30 15 minutes apart on same day within 1 month after HFA C30-2 test. Mean age of the subjects was 49.77+/-11.61 years. Fifteen men and nine woman were included in this study. Test duration was 52.3+/-6.2 seconds with FDT screening, 5.46+/-0.32 minutes with FDT N-30, and 14.46+/-1.88 minutes with HFA C30-2.In global indexes MD and PSD of FDT N-30 were well correlated with MD, PSD, and CPSD of HFA C30-2 respectively(p<0.01). In diagnosing glaucoma, sensitivity of FDT screening and N-30 was 75% and 88%respectively, and specificity of screening and N-30 was 94%and 82%respectively. In detecting defect in each test location, sensitivity of FDT screening and N-30 was 68.6%and 81.6%respectively, and specificity of screening and N-30 was 94.5%and 83.8%respectively. FDT N-30 mode appears to be superior to FDT screening mode in screening and diagnosing glaucoma as there are high correlation with HFA C30-2, good sensitivity, and specificity inspite of longer test duration.
Female ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Screening* ; Ocular Hypertension ; Pupil ; Refractive Errors ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Visual Field Tests*

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) was performed in 122 patients with upper ureteral calculi managed by 3 different techniques ; ESWL in situ. after push back and after placement of push back ureteral catheter below the stone in patients of failure to push back. To investigate the push back effect for upper ureteral stone, we reviewed 3 different treatment modalities. Of 122 patients push back was performed in 54 patients, which was successful in 27 patients (50%). The success rate of ESWL and the number of total average shock waves were 100%, 1667 waves in successful push back patients. 98.5%. 3007 waves in situ treatment and 88.9%, 4133 waves in patients of failure to push back. Complications of push back were infrequent, with the most common being ureteral perforation in 2 patients. all of which were managed conservatively. Push back of upper ureteral calculi improved success rate of ESWL and reduced significantly the number of average shock Waves.
Humans ; Lithotripsy ; Shock ; Ureter* ; Ureteral Calculi ; Urinary Catheters

Retrocaval ureter is a rare congenital anomaly. We experienced a case of retrocaval ureter with double inferior vena cava and with intermittent right flank pain in 54 years old female. We performed IVU, RGP, Venacavogram, MRI, and diuretic DTPA renal scan. MRI is the best single study to delineate the anatomy clearly and noninvasively. She was treated with conservative treatment.
Female ; Flank Pain ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Pentetic Acid ; Retrocaval Ureter* ; Vena Cava, Inferior*

No abstract available.
Fetus* ; Humans ; Male* ; Mesothelioma*

Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial tissue (gland and stroma) outside the uterus. The most frequent sites of implantation are the pelvic viscera and the peritoneum. About 1% of woman with endometriosis have urinary tract lesions, of which 85% involve the bladder. We report one case of vesical endometriosis that have been treated by partial cystectomy.
Cystectomy ; Endometriosis* ; Female ; Humans ; Peritoneum ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Tract ; Uterus ; Viscera

In complete heart block(CHB), there is a complete failure of the atrial impulse leading into a ventricular response, the atria and ventricles beat independently, with the latter having a slower rate. Approximately one-third of infants with congenital CHB have associated structural heart disease such as corrected transposition of the great arteries, single ventricle, and the heterotaxy syndrome. For those patients without associated anomalies in whom bradycardia causes heart failure unresponsive to drugs, a pacemaker is necessary. We report a case of congenital complete heart block showing a ventricular beat of 57 /min despite atrial beat of 125/min. The mother of the baby was asymptomatic but her serologic tests were positive for connective tissue disease. The patient had positive serologic tests for anti-Ro antibody and anti-La antibody but associated structural heart anomalies were not found. He remained well without signs and symptoms of heart failure and no treatment was required except 02 supply.
Arteries ; Bradycardia ; Connective Tissue Diseases ; Heart Block* ; Heart Diseases ; Heart Failure ; Heart* ; Heterotaxy Syndrome ; Humans ; Infant ; Mothers ; Serologic Tests

Infectious disease took the leading cause of death in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Especially Salmonella infection occurs more common in SLE patients. We report a case of thyroid abscess caused by Salmonella Group D in a patient with SLE. A patient, 29-year-old female, with SLE was admitted with a painful swelling of the left neck and diarrhea. The painful swelling of neck was revealed as an abscess of the thyroid and Salmonella Group D was isolated from the aspirated material of the thyroid abscess. The patient recovered after surgical drainage and administration of intravenous 3rd cephalosporin.
Abscess* ; Adult ; Cause of Death ; Communicable Diseases ; Diarrhea ; Drainage ; Female ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* ; Neck ; Salmonella Infections ; Salmonella* ; Thyroid Gland*