No abstract available.
Infant, Newborn ; Meconium Aspiration Syndrome* ; Meconium* ; Mortality ; Suction*

Inbred mice are an essential animal strain for research as they can improve the reproducibility and reliability of study results. The establishment of new inbred lines is continuing, and new inbred lines are being used in many research fields. C57BL/6 is a mouse laboratory animal that has been developed and used as an inbred strain since early stage of mouse strain development, and, in the 1950s, C57BL/6 was separated into substrains by the Jackson Laboratory (C57BL/6J) and the National Institutes of Health (C57BL/6N). C57BL/6 mice have been used in immunology and antitumor activity studies since the early strain development stage. After the mouse genome was fully described, C57BL/6 mice use in many areas of research has expanded. In particular, immunological characteristics such as those related to cell-mediated immunity and NK cell activity are relatively higher in C57BL/6 mice than in other mice. The C57BL/6NKorl is a stock of C57BL/6N established as part of a localization of experimental animal strategy of the Korean Food and Drug Administration. Based on analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), C57BL/6NKorl is considered a genetically distinct inbred stock from other C57BL/6N. Various research efforts have been made to describe the characteristics and increase knowledge of the characteristics of C57BL/6Nkorl. The results obtained through these efforts are expected to increase the utilization of C57BL/6Nkorl as a domestic laboratory animal resource and to enhance the reliability of mouse based studies.
Allergy and Immunology ; Animals ; Animals, Laboratory ; Genome ; Immunity, Cellular ; Killer Cells, Natural ; Mice* ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; United States Food and Drug Administration

No abstract available.
Jaundice

No abstract available.
Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous* ; Mucins*

Syringomyelia is caused by heterogeneous etiologies. Syringomyelia secondary to arachnoiditis complicated by tuberculous meningitis is rarely reported entity, which has not been reported in Korea. We present a patient who had recovered from tuberculous meningitis and developed some years later a progessive disorder of the spinal cord clinically resembling syringomyelia, which was subsequently confirmed by MRI. The patient was treated with syringo-subarachnoid shunt.
Arachnoid ; Arachnoiditis ; Humans ; Korea ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Spinal Cord ; Syringomyelia* ; Tuberculosis, Meningeal*

Cerebral arterial embolism which resulted in total occlusion of right proximal middle cerebral artery was occured in 33 years old female patients with severe mitral stenosis and atrial fibrillation during percutaneous mitral balloon valvuloplasty(PMV). The occluded artery could be detected by transfemoral carotid angiography and recanalized immediately by intra-arterial infusion of urokinase. There were no cerebral hemorrhage by CT scan after intra-arterial urokinase infusion and the patients discharged without any neurologic sequale 7 days after thrombolysis. We report a case of successful recanalization with intraarterial infusion of urokinase in patient with cerebral arterial embolism occurred during PMV.
Adult ; Angiography ; Arteries ; Atrial Fibrillation ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Embolism* ; Female ; Humans ; Infusions, Intra-Arterial* ; Intracranial Embolism ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Mitral Valve Stenosis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator*

Hyperglycemia-induced hemichorea (HGHC) is a rare but characteristic hyperkinetic movement disorder involving limbs on one side of the body. In a 75-year-old woman with a left-sided HGHC, conventional brain MR imaging showed very subtle T1-hyperintensity and unique gadolinium enhancement in the basal ganglia contralateral to movements. Multi-parametric MRI was acquired using pulse sequence with quantification of relaxation times and proton density by multi-echo acquisition. Myelin map was reconstructed based on new tissue classification modeling. In this case report of multi-parametric MRI, quantitative measurement of myelin change related to HGHC in brain structures and its possible explanations are presented. This is the first study to demonstrate myelin loss related to hyperglycemic insult in multi-parametric quantitative MR imaging.
Aged ; Basal Ganglia ; Brain ; Classification ; Extremities ; Female ; Gadolinium ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; Hyperkinesis ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Movement Disorders ; Myelin Sheath ; Protons ; Relaxation

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of lutein alone or in combination with vitamin C on the antioxidant defense system in rats. A total of 18 eight-week-old male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned to three groups for 4 weeks: control (CON), lutein (LUT, 50 mg lutein/kg BW) and lutein plus vitamin C (LVC, 50 mg lutein/kg BW+1,000 mg vitamin C/kg BW). No differences in body weight, relative live weight or plasma biochemical profiles were observed among treatment groups. In the hepatic antioxidant defense systems, the mRNA expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the LUT and LVC groups was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that in the CON group, whereas the mRNA level of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) was not affected by the administration of antioxidants. SOD and GST activities in the LUT and LVC groups were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those in the CON group, whereas GPX, CAT and lipid peroxidation did not differ among groups. In addition, the LVC group showed a significant (P<0.05) increase in plasma and hepatic total antioxidant power (TAP) relative to the CON group. Overall, administration of lutein in combination with vitamin C improved the status of the total antioxidant defense system in SD rats.
Animals ; Antioxidants ; Ascorbic Acid* ; Body Weight ; Catalase ; Cats ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; Glutathione Transferase ; Humans ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Lutein* ; Male ; Plasma ; Rats* ; RNA, Messenger* ; Superoxide Dismutase ; Vitamins*

BACKGROUND: Degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS) progresses with aging after 50-60 years, and the genetic association of DLS remains largely unclear. In this study, the genetic association between collagen type II alpha 1 (COL2A1) gene and DLS was investigated. METHODS: COL2A1 gene polymorphism was investigated in DLS subjects compared to healthy controls to investigate the possibility of its association with COL2A1 gene. Based on a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) database, SNP (rs2276454) in COL2A1 were selected and genotyped using direct sequencing in 51 patients with DLS and 235 healthy controls. The SNP effects were analyzed using three models of codominant, dominant, and recessive. Logistic regression models were calculated for odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and corresponding p-values, controlling age and gender as co-variables. RESULTS: SNP (rs2276454) in COL2A1 was significantly associated with the degenerative lumbar scoliosis in the codominant (OR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.17 to 3.10; p = 0.008) and dominant models (OR, 3.58; 95% CI, 1.59 to 9.29; p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that COL2A1 is associated with the risk of DLS in Korean population.
Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Collagen Type II/*genetics ; Female ; Humans ; *Lumbar Vertebrae ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Scoliosis/ethnology/*genetics

BACKGROUND: Acne is a common skin disorder which affects both adolescents and adults. However, there have been few Korean epidemiological studies conducted. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the prevalence, demographic factors, clinical features and aggravating factors of acne. We also investigated the relationship of these factors. METHODS: Epidemiological and clinical data was obtained by interviewing 657 acne patients, newly enrolled at Seoul National University Hospital Acne Clinic between 1996 and 2004. RESULTS: Most patients were found to have facial acne, and the forehead and cheeks were the most common sites where acne first developed. Males tended to visit the hospital because of social problems compared to females. We identified some significant correlations with sex, age of onset, disease duration, first affected site, seborrhea, and family history. Acne lesions developed earlier and disease duration was longer in the group with a family history of acne or severe seborrhea. More than 80% of patients were found to have subjective symptoms, including pain and itching which were most frequent. The degree of seborrhea was higher and the aggravation after sun exposure was more frequent in the group where complete remission of acne had not been achieved. Aggravation of acne was most frequent in summer, followed by winter. CONCLUSION: We could investigate the epidemiological and clinical features of acne patients, including the age of onset, motive of treatment, subjective symptoms, plus outcome of treatment according to remission history of acne, as these factors have never been reported in the Korean literature before.
Acne Vulgaris* ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Age of Onset ; Cheek ; Demography ; Dermatitis, Seborrheic ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Forehead ; Humans ; Male ; Prevalence ; Pruritus ; Seoul* ; Skin ; Social Problems ; Solar System