PURPOSE: To report the distribution of emergency department costs by category of expense and level of patient urgency. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the cases of 36,329 patients who visited the emergency department of Pundang CHA hospital during the recent 1year. the patients were divided into two groups : urgent group and non urgent group. Physician, facility, supply, pharmacy, laboratory, and radiology costs were considered. RESULTS: The average costs were urgent visits, 96,124 won; nonurgent visits, 87,028 won. For all patients, the average costs were radiology, 29%; facility, 26%; laboratory, 21%; physician, 12%; pharmacy, 8%; supply, 4%. CONCLUSION: The distribution of ED costs were similiar to regardless of the urgency of the medical condition. Overall improved cost efficiency can be achieved through reductions in the Variable costs of ED.
Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Humans ; Pharmacy ; Retrospective Studies

To accurately assess the potential hazard of exposure to ionizing radiation from portable radiographs taken in the emergency department,.a study was performed to measure such radiation at different distances from the edge of an irradiated field during portable cervical spine, portable chest radiographs, and portable anteroposterior pelvis radiographs. For all three types of portable radiographs, radiation exposure is high at the edge from the beam. However, radiation exposure is deceased at 20, 40, 80, 160cm away from the beam. This study confirms and supports the evidence that although radiation exposure is dependent on distance from the primary radiograph beam, exposure in the ED is minimal. Medical personnel should not have to leave a patient care area for fear of undue acute and chronic radiation exposure while portable radiographs are performed in the ED. By using protective garments and standing appropriate distance away from the patient, continuous patient care can be maintained while portable radiographs are taken in the ED.
Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Humans ; Patient Care ; Pelvis ; Radiation, Ionizing ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Spine

PURPOSE: Recently, the emergency departments of most general hospitals have been overcrowded, and one of the major causes is the increased number of pediatric patients. Therefore, our hospital separated the pediatric emergency room from the emergency department, and we assessed the effect of that separation. METHODS: Pediatric patients below 15 years of age who visited the emergency department from March 1998 to February 1999, which was before the separation, and from March 1999 to February 2000, which was after the separation, were included in this study. RESULTS: The average lengths of stay of pediatric and nonpediatric patients at emergency department before separation were 1.9+/-3.5 and 2.6+/-5 hours, respectively, and declined to 1.6+/-2.4 and 2.3+/-4.7 after separation (p<0.05). The waiting time until admission declined notably from 3.6+/-2.5 hours to 3.3+/-5.6 hours for pediatric patients, in spite of the fact that the number of pediatric admissions increased (p<0.05). In non-pediatric patients, it declined from 3.1+/-3.3 to 2.6+/-3.5 hours (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The separation of the emergency department into pediatric and non-pediatric departments reduced emergency-department crowding, the length of stay at the emergency department, and, the waiting time until admission. A fundamental solution to the problem of emergency-department crowding requires an independent pediatric emergency department, an increased number of emergency physicians, increased paramedic coverage, and more efficient hospital policies regarding laboratory, radiology, and admission procedures.
Allied Health Personnel ; Crowding ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Patient Admission