No abstract available.
Chungcheongnam-do* ; Humans ; Infant* ; Sex Ratio*

No abstract available.
Female ; Labor, Induced* ; Pregnancy*

BACKGROUND: There are many factors which cause postoperative hepatic dysfunction. Anesthetic agents are not the most common factor and there aremany other factors such as preoperative condition of the patients, site and duration of the operation, operation per se and so on. The purposeof this study is to evaluate postoperative liver function with respect to different types of surgery. METHOD: Fourty three patients were classified into three groups; 11 patients for tympanoplasty with mastoidectomy (Group 1), 16 patients for total abdominal hysterectomy (Group 2), 15 patients for subtotal gastrectomy (Group 3). All patients were anesthesized with about 2 vol% of enflurane combined with 50% nitrous oxide. Serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were measured before anesthesia, 1, 3 and 7 days after surgery in all group, respectively. RESULT: In Group 1 and 2, postoperative SGOT and SGPT levels were maintained with preoperative level during the 7days, but in Group 3, those levels were increased in the 1st day but below upper limit (p<0.05) and decreased thereafter. Alkaline phosphatase level was maintained within the normal range for all the group during the 7 days. CONCLUSION: We consider that postoperative liver functioin may be influenced by different types of surgery, and also may be influenced by anesthetic time.
Alanine Transaminase ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Inhalation* ; Anesthetics ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Enflurane* ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Inhalation* ; Liver* ; Nitrous Oxide ; Reference Values ; Tympanoplasty

BACKGROUND: Reestabilshment of blood flow is a standard therapeutic modality to salvage the myocardium at risk in an acute phase of myocardial infarction. However, there are significant evidences that reperfusion per se may injure the potentially viable myocardium, and a number of pharmacological agents were tried to reduce this reperfusion injury. Adenosine, an endogenous vasodilator, is suggested to reduce repergusion inury. To evaluate the myocardial protective effect of adenosine, magnetic resonance spectroscopy with superscript P was applied to feline model of acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion, as well as pathological examination. METHODS: Effects of adenosine on the recovery of high energy phosphorous metabolites during 90 minutes of reperfusion period following 90 minutes of left anterior descending coronary artery ligation were assessed by31P spectroscopy in 27 cats(10: control group, 8: adenosine I group, 9: adenosine II group). In adenosine groups 0.2 mg/kg/min of adenosine was infused intravenously for 90 minutes from 30 miniutes before reperfusion in group I, and from just before reperfusion in group II. The experiments were performed on a 4.7 T/30 cm Biospec MRS/MRI system and the MR signals were obtained by using inner-diameter 1.5 cm-sized doubly tuned surface coil. The size of the spectral peaks was measured by area integration method. RESULTS: 1) Phosphocreatine(PCr) decreased rapidly with progression of ischemia, and recovered in reperfusion period in each group. PCr values in the reperfusion period were significantly higher in adenosine group than those in control group, although there was no difference between adenosine group I and II. 2) ATP decreased with progression of ischemia, and recovered in reperfusion period in each group. ATP values in the reperfusion period were significantly higher in adenosine groups than those in control group, byt there was no difference between adenosine group I and II. 3) pH decreased uniformly with progression of ischemia and recovered in reperfusion period, showing no difference between control and adenosine groups. 4) PCr/ATP ratio, representing the potential of oxidative phosphorylation, dereased with progression of ischemia and increased in reperfusion period. PCr/ATP ratio showed no difference between control, adenosine I and II groups. 5) Risk area/left ventricle ratio was not different in control and adenosine groups. Infarct size/risk area and infarct size/left ventricle ratios were smaller in adenosine II than those in control group. Howerver no significant diffence was noticed between adenosine I and control, and between adenosine I and II group. CONCLUSION: Intravenous infusion of adenosine showed the tendency of reducing the infarct size in the feline model of acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion, and adenosine could improve significantly the recovery of high energy phosphate metabolites. This myocardial pretective effect of adenosine is considered to be present mainly in the reperfusion period.
Adenosine Triphosphate ; Adenosine* ; Coronary Vessels ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Ischemia ; Ligation ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Myocardial Infarction ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Myocardium ; Oxidative Phosphorylation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Reperfusion ; Reperfusion Injury ; Spectrum Analysis

Rheumatic manifestations in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) are common but actual arthritis as a presenting feature appears to be very rare. We experienced a case of NHL presenting as polyarthritis in a 24-year-old woman. Eight months ago she was admitted to the hospital due to polyarthritis and skin rash. She had pleural and pericardial effusion. Antinuclear antibody was positive and rheumatoid factor was negative. Joint X-ray showed periarticular osteopenia at both knees, wrists, hands and feet. Prednisolone, salsalate and anti-tuberculosis drugs were administered under the impression of either probable lupus or rheumatoid arthritis and pleural tuberculosis. After then pleuropericardial effusion and skin rash improved. But polyarthralgia persisted and she developed right cervical lymphadenopathy. On her second admission she was found to have a round mass in left lower lung field and multiple mediastinal lymph node enlargement. Cervical lymph node biopsy revealed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. She received 8 cycles of systemic chemotherapy until 1996 July. NHL was remitted completely and polyarthralgia disappeared. We report a case of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma presenting as polyarthritis and literatures are reviewed.
Antibodies, Antinuclear ; Arthralgia ; Arthritis* ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Biopsy ; Bone Diseases, Metabolic ; Drug Therapy ; Exanthema ; Female ; Foot ; Hand ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee ; Lung ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin* ; Pericardial Effusion ; Prednisolone ; Rheumatoid Factor ; Tuberculosis, Pleural ; Wrist ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: Thallous-201 chloride produced at Korea Cancer Center Hospital(KCCH) is used in detecting cardiovascular disease and cancer. Thallium impurity can cause emesis, catharsis and nausea, so the presence of thallium and other metal impurities should be determined. According to USP and KP, their amounts must be less than 2 ppm in thallium and 5 ppm in total. In this study, the detection method of trace amounts of metal impurities in [201Tl]TlCl injection with polarography was optimized without environmental contamination. MATERALS AND METHODS: For the detection of metal impurities, Osteryoung Square Wave Stripping Voltammetry method was used in Bio-Analytical System (BAS) 50W polarograph. The voltammetry was composed of Dropping Mercury Electrode (DME) as a working electrode, Ag/AgCl as a reference electrode and Pt wire as a counter electrode. Square wave stripping method, which makes use of formation and deformation of amalgam, was adopted to determine the metal impurities, and pH 7 phosphate buffer was used as supporting electrolyte. RESULTS: T1, Cu and Pb in thallous-201 chloride solution were detected by scanning from 300 mV to -800 mV. Calibration curves were made by using TlNO3, CuSO4 and Pb(NO3)2 as standard solutions. Tl was confirmed at -450 mV peak potential and Cu at -50 mV. Less than 2 ppm of Tl and Cu was detected and Pb was not detected in KCCH-produced thallous-201 chloride injection. CONCLUSION: Detection limit of thallium and copper is approximately 50 ppb with this method. As a result of this experiment, thallium and other metal impurities in thallous-201 chloride injection, produced at Korea Cancer Center Hospital, are in the regulation of USP and KP. Polarograph could be applied for the determination of metal impurities in the quality control of radiopharmaceuticals conveniently without environmental contamination.
Calibration ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Catharsis ; Copper ; Electrodes ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Korea ; Limit of Detection ; Metals, Heavy* ; Nausea ; Polarography* ; Quality Control ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; Thallium ; Vomiting

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is rare, soft tissue, spindle cell sarcoma of an ectomesenchymal origin. MPNSTs frequently occur in the extremities and trunk, whereas there has been only one previous report of MPNST originated from the pancreas. A 55-yr-old previously healthy man was admitted for a pancreas head mass, which was detected during a routine health inspection. Fine needle aspiration biopsy showed atypical cells that were suspicious for malignancy. On open exploration, a 2.6cm sized hypervascular well capsulated mass was seen between the duodenal first portion and the pancreas head, and so enucleation was performed. The tumor was composed with spindle cells without a typical storiform pattern and the cells were positive for mesenchymal antigen, S-100 and vimentin, whereas they were negative for epithelial membrane antigen and cytokeratin. It was concluded that the tumor was a MPNST with perineural cell differentiation. Primary MPNST of the pancreas is extremely rare and performing immunohistochemical staining is necessary for making its diagnosis.
Biopsy ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Cell Differentiation ; Extremities ; Head ; Keratins ; Mucin-1 ; Nerve Sheath Neoplasms ; Pancreas ; Peripheral Nerves ; Sarcoma ; Vimentin

BACKGROUND: Tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) and CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) have emerged as potential biomarkers in various human cancers. The aims of this study were to investigate the clinical characteristics of anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) patients according to the TAM numbers in the tumor tissue, and to evaluate the associations between CXCR4 expressions and macrophage densities in ATC tumor microenvironment. METHODS: Total 14 ATC samples from thyroid tissue microarray were used. Immunohistochemical staining was performed using anti-CD163 and anti-CXCR4 antibodies. According to the immunoreactivity of CD163, all subjects were divided into two groups: low-CD163 (n=8) and high-CD163 (n=6) groups. RESULTS: The mean diagnostic age was 65±7 years and the median tumor size was 4.3 cm, ranging 2.5 to 15 cm. Clinicopathological characteristics were not significantly different between low-CD163 and high-CD163 groups, while age of diagnosis was younger in high-CD163 group than that of low-CD163 group with marginal significance (56.9±5.5 years vs. 67.5±6.8 years, P=0.09). However, overall survival was significantly reduced in high-CD163 group (5.5 months [range, 1 to 10]) compared with low-CD163 groups (8.8 months [range, 6 to 121); log-rank test, P=0.0443). Moreover, high-CD163 group showed strong CXCR4 expressions in both cancer and stromal compartments, while low-CD163 group showed relatively weak, stromal-dominant CXCR4 expressions. Additionally, CD163 and CXCR4 expressions showed a strong positive correlation (γ²=0.432, P=0.013). CONCLUSION: Increased number of TAMs showed poor overall survival in ATC, suggesting TAMs are potentially a prognostic biomarker for ATC. CXCR4 expression was significantly correlated with CD163-positive TAM densities, which suggest the possible role of CXCR4 in TAM recruitments.
Antibodies ; Biomarkers ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Macrophages* ; Receptors, CXCR* ; Receptors, CXCR4* ; Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic* ; Thyroid Gland ; Tumor Microenvironment

PURPOSE: There has been a non evidence-based reluctance among pediatric urologists to perform trigonal surgery during infancy in fear of damaging the young developing bladder. The effects of a bilateral ureteroneocystostomy on the bladder function, which was performed during the infantile period, were evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 53 children who underwent a bilateral ureteroneocystostomy during the infantile period, between June 1987 and December 2002 were enrolled in this study. 40 of the 53 enrolled subjects could be contacted by mail, and they were subsequently sent a voiding abnormality symptom score form (10 items, 3 points for each item), which was developed to quantify the degree of voiding abnormality among children, and a newly-developed enuresis questionnaire. RESULTS: Among the 40 who received the questionnaire forms, 29 (72.5%) responded, but 3 had to be subsequently excluded due to incomplete forms. As a result, the responses from 26 subjects (Male to Female Ratio, 7.7:1) were analyzed. The mean ages at the time of operation, at responding to our survey, and mean time interval from the time of operation were 7.88 (2.53-11.9) months, 8.09 (2.51-16.7) years, and 7.45 (1.8-16.2) years, respectively. The mean age at the point of attaining daytime dryness was 23.4 (18-36) months. The mean total voiding abnormality symptom score was 3.23 (0-11) with the mean scores for each individual item being less than 1. CONCLUSIONS: A bilateral ureteroneocystostomy, performed during the infantile period, does not appear to induce a bladder function abnormality or voiding difficulty after the operation. Thus, a bilateral ureteroneocystostomy may be considered a safe treatment option for infants under appropriate indications.
Child ; Enuresis ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Postal Service ; Surveys and Questionnaires* ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urologic Surgical Procedures ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the metabolic and pathological changes associated with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion, magnetic resonance spectroscopy with 31P was applied as well as pathological examination. METHODS: Effect of adenosine on the recovery of high energy phosphorous metabolites during the reperfusion period following 90 minutes of left anterior descending coronary artery(LAD) ligation was assessed by 31P spectroscopy in 13 cats(8 : control group, 5 : adenosine group). In adenosine group 0.2 mg/kg/min of adenosine was infused intravenously for 90 minutes from 30 minutes before reperfusion. The experiments were peformed on a 4.7 T/30cm Biospec MRS/MRI system(Bruker, Switzerland) and the MR signals were obtained by using innerdiameter 1.5 cm sized doubly tuned surface coil. The size of the spectral peaks was measured by area integration method. RESULTS: In control group, high energy phosphorous metabolites decreased continueously during the ischemic period revealing the lowest values at the end of the periods : 17.0% for PCr and 24.0% for ATP, PCr depleted below 50% of the baseline level immediately after the LAD ligation and ATP, after 15 minutes of ischemia. Therfore the depletion rate was faster in PCr change than in ATP. The recovery of the PCr and ATP occurred after reestablishment of blood flow showing, for example, 43.3% and 36.3% of the baseline levels after 10 minutes of reperfusion. After infusion of adenosine, there was a tendency of higher recovery rates of high energy phosphates than in control group. Recovery rates of PCr and ATP after 90 minutes of reperfusion, were 28.2%, 11.2% in control group and 38.3%, 18.6% in adnosine group, respectively. In adenosine grop, relative sizes of infarction were not statistically different from those of control group. CONCLUSIONS: 31P MRS can be used for in-vivo assessment of the changes of high energy phosphorous metablites concerning acute myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. Adenosine infusion improves the recovery of ATP and PCr during the reperfusion period following acute ischemia.
Adenosine Triphosphate ; Adenosine* ; Animals ; Cats* ; Infarction ; Ischemia ; Ligation ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Phosphates ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Reperfusion ; Spectrum Analysis