The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of wattage and curing time on surface hardness, three-point bending strength and internal porosity of microwave curing denture base resin. Two sizes of resin spicimens were made of Acron MC ; 3.5x10x60mm for surface hardness and three-point bending strength measurement and 5x12x60mm for internal porosity measurement. They were cured by microwave energy at varing wattages(500W, 700W) and curing times(2min., 3min., 4min.) to determine if a certain wattage/curing time combination would improve physical properties. Surface hardness was measured with Vikers hardness tester, three-point bend-ing strength with universal testing machine and internal porosity was calculated by measuring the weight in air and in water. The results obtained were as follows : 1. There was no significant difference in percent porosity among experimental groups(p>0.05). 2. 500W/3min, group showed the higher surface hardness than 700W/2, 3, 4min. groups(p<0.05), and 700W/4 min. group showed the lower surface hardness than 500W/2, 3, 4min. groups(p<0.05), but there was no significant difference among others(p>0.05). 3. 500W/3min. group yielded the higher value of bending strength than 500W/2min., 700W/3, 4min. groups(p<0.05), but there was no significant difference among others(p>0.05).
Denture Bases* ; Dentures* ; Hardness ; Hardness Tests ; Microwaves* ; Polymethyl Methacrylate ; Porosity ; Water

PURPOSE: Laparoscopic surgery has emerged as an alternative minimally invasive technique as compared to traditional open surgical techniques. We evaluated the efficiency and safety of laparoscopic varicocelectomy for the treatment of varicocele. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between June 1996 and February 1998, laparoscopic varicocelectomywere performed in 10 patients whose ages ranged from 16 to 43 years at Chosun university hospital. We assessed success rate, hospital stay, operative time, and complications retrospectively. RESULTS: The varicocele was disappeared in all patients after laparoscopic varicocelectomy. The mean operative time was 68 minutes for unilateral varicocelectomy and 110 minutes for bilateral varicocelectomy. The internal spermatic artery was preserved in 9 of 10 patients. The mean hospital stay was 1.9 days. Complications included shoulder pain in 1 patient, cubcutaneous emphysema in 1 patient and pneumoscrotum in 2 patients but resolved with conservative management. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that laparoscopic varicocelectomy is an effective, safe and a viable alterative to other operative technique with quick full recovery, short hospital stay, minimal analgesic requirement and minimal surgical trauma. But long-term follow up and prospective studies are needed to clarify the clinical effect of laparoscopic varicocelectomy.
Arteries ; Emphysema ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Length of Stay ; Operative Time ; Retrospective Studies ; Shoulder Pain ; Varicocele

No abstract available.
Blister* ; Fibroma*

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the clinical and functional outcomes of arthroscopic-assisted reduction and percutaneous screw fixation for glenoid fractures with scapular extension, and investigate the radiologic and clinical benefits from the results. METHODS: We evaluated patients treated with arthroscopic-assisted reduction and percutaneous screw fixation for glenoid fractures with scapular extension from November 2008 to September 2015. Fractures with displacement exceeding one-fourth of the anterior-articular surface or more than one-third of the posterior-articular surface in radiographic images were treated by surgery. Clinical assessment was conducted based on range of motion, Rowe score, and Constant score of injured arm and uninjured arm at last follow-up. RESULTS: Fifteen patients with Ideberg classification grade III, IV, and V glenoid fracture who underwent arthroscopic-assisted reduction using percutaneous screw fixation were retrospectively enrolled. There were no differences in clinical outcomes at final follow-up compared to uninjured arm. Bone union was seen in all cases within five months, and the average time to bone union was 15.2 weeks. Ankylosis in one case was observed as a postoperative complication, but the symptoms improved in response to physical therapy for six months. There was no failure of fixation and neurovascular complication. CONCLUSIONS: We identified acceptable results upon radiological and clinical assessment for the arthroscopic-assisted reduction and percutaneous fixation. For this reason, we believe the method is favorable for the treatment of Ideberg type III, IV, and V glenoid fractures. Restoration of the articular surface is considered to be more important than reduction of fractures reduction of the scapula body.
Ankylosis ; Arm ; Arthroscopy ; Classification ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation ; Glenoid Cavity ; Humans ; Methods ; Postoperative Complications ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Retrospective Studies ; Scapula

Many symptoms of age related bladder dysfunction may be associated with urethral dysfunction. We compared the contractile responsiveness of urethral strips from young adults (6-9 months) and old (24-27 months) male Fisher 344 rats. Circularly and longitudinally oriented urethral strips from proximal (bladder neck) and distal urethra were obtained and suspended in organ baths containing Tyrodes buffer. Contractile responses to field stimulation (FS), phenylephrine, bethanechol and KC1 were recorded. Results were as followed: 1. Contractile responses of proximal urethral strips from old rats to FS, bethanechol, phenylephrine, KCI were greater than those of young rats. In young rats, general order of responsiveness was FS >KC1 = phenylephrine >bethanechol. In old rats, it became FS >bethanechol >KCI = phenylephrine. 2. Magnitude of the contractile responses for distal urethral strips were significantly lower than for proximal urethra and there were no significant differences of the responses between two age group. 3. For the circularly oriented strips, responses of old rats to FS, bethanechol, phenylephrine and KC1 also were greater than those of young rats. In young rats, general order of responsiveness was FS>KCl =phenylephrine =bethanechol. In old rats, it became FS>bethanechol >KC1 >phenylephrine. 4. For the longitudinally oriented strips, responsiveness to FS and bethanechol was similar between younger and old rats. However, responses to phenylephrine were greater for young rats than for old ones. For both young and old rats, general order of contractile responsiveness was FS>phenylephrine=KCl>bethanechol, In old rats contractile responses of proximal, circular urethral strips to various stimulation were greater than those in young ones. 5. Degree of field stimulated relaxant responses of the urethra precontracted by phenylephrine were similar between two age groups at higher frequencies(16-64 Hz.): whereas higher degrees of relaxation were observed in young rats at lower frequencies(1-8 Hz.). Circularly oriented urethral strips showed better relaxation with FS than did longitudinal ones. Relaxant responses were only partially (50%) blocked by preincubation of L-NAME. These results suggest that as male became older, their urethra responds to various stimulation with obstructive pattern than did the younger ones and also, lesser degree of urethral relaxation may causes obstructive voiding due to poor Opening of bladder outlet. Also it can be said that the ratio of the receptor density of cholinergic and adrenergic nerves varies as one become old.
Aging* ; Animals ; Baths ; Bethanechol ; Humans ; Male* ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester ; Phenylephrine ; Rats* ; Relaxation ; Urethra ; Urinary Bladder ; Young Adult

Many symptoms of age related bladder dysfunction may be associated with urethral dysfunction. We compared the contractile responsiveness of urethral strips from young adults (6-9 months) and old (24-27 months) male Fisher 344 rats. Circularly and longitudinally oriented urethral strips from proximal (bladder neck) and distal urethra were obtained and suspended in organ baths containing Tyrodes buffer. Contractile responses to field stimulation (FS), phenylephrine, bethanechol and KC1 were recorded. Results were as followed: 1. Contractile responses of proximal urethral strips from old rats to FS, bethanechol, phenylephrine, KCI were greater than those of young rats. In young rats, general order of responsiveness was FS >KC1 = phenylephrine >bethanechol. In old rats, it became FS >bethanechol >KCI = phenylephrine. 2. Magnitude of the contractile responses for distal urethral strips were significantly lower than for proximal urethra and there were no significant differences of the responses between two age group. 3. For the circularly oriented strips, responses of old rats to FS, bethanechol, phenylephrine and KC1 also were greater than those of young rats. In young rats, general order of responsiveness was FS>KCl =phenylephrine =bethanechol. In old rats, it became FS>bethanechol >KC1 >phenylephrine. 4. For the longitudinally oriented strips, responsiveness to FS and bethanechol was similar between younger and old rats. However, responses to phenylephrine were greater for young rats than for old ones. For both young and old rats, general order of contractile responsiveness was FS>phenylephrine=KCl>bethanechol, In old rats contractile responses of proximal, circular urethral strips to various stimulation were greater than those in young ones. 5. Degree of field stimulated relaxant responses of the urethra precontracted by phenylephrine were similar between two age groups at higher frequencies(16-64 Hz.): whereas higher degrees of relaxation were observed in young rats at lower frequencies(1-8 Hz.). Circularly oriented urethral strips showed better relaxation with FS than did longitudinal ones. Relaxant responses were only partially (50%) blocked by preincubation of L-NAME. These results suggest that as male became older, their urethra responds to various stimulation with obstructive pattern than did the younger ones and also, lesser degree of urethral relaxation may causes obstructive voiding due to poor Opening of bladder outlet. Also it can be said that the ratio of the receptor density of cholinergic and adrenergic nerves varies as one become old.
Aging* ; Animals ; Baths ; Bethanechol ; Humans ; Male* ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester ; Phenylephrine ; Rats* ; Relaxation ; Urethra ; Urinary Bladder ; Young Adult

Fracture of the tibial shaft is one of the most common fractures of the long bones and frequently followed by malunion, delayed union and nonunion. We experienced the cases of further increase in the angulation after clinical union of the tibial shaft fractures treated by conservative method. So we analyzed 39 cases of tibial shaft fractures which were followed up from 12 weeks to 37 weeks after clinical union in adults. The results were as follows; l. 7 of the 39 cases(18%) showed the increase in the angulation, and all of them were male. 2. Increase in the angulation occurred more frequenlty in the comminuted fractures than simple fractures. 3. The increment of angulation was more marked in group of patients with higher angulation at the time of clinical union. 4. Increase in the angulation occurred more commonly in the cases not associated with fibula fracture than in the cases associated with fibula fracture. 5. Further increase in the angulation was less common in the cases in whom early weight bearing with PTB cast was started.
Adult ; Fibula ; Fractures, Comminuted ; Humans ; Male ; Methods ; Tibia ; Weight-Bearing

No abstract available.
Teratoma*

Primary hypomagnesemia is a rare inherited disorder and it is considered to be due to either a defect in the intestinal transport of magnesium or a defect in renal tubular transport. It is important to measure the urinary excretion of magnesium to differentiate the causes of magnesium deficiency. We report here an one-month-old female infant of primary hypomagnesemia who presented generalized tonic-clonic seizures. She had hypomagnesemia(<1.5mg/dL) and several seizure attacks but normal magnesium creatinine ratio in random urine and normal magnesium excretion in 24-hour urine. Continuous oral magnesium supplementation was necessary to avoid the recurrence of symptoms and maintain serum rnagnesium levels.
Creatinine ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Magnesium ; Magnesium Deficiency ; Recurrence ; Seizures

Fractures, Comminuted ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Incidence ; Mandibular Fractures ; Wounds and Injuries