No abstract available.
Zygapophyseal Joint*

Tooth movement by orthodontic force is based upon alveolar bone resorption at compression site and bone formation at tension site of tooth. The function of cyclic AMP is to participate not only in initial action of bone cells by mechanical forces but also in the continuous cellular response leading, to bone remodeling. This experiment was performed to clarify the role of cyclic AMP in bone remodeling by mechanical forces. The orthodontic forces of about 80 gm and 100 gm were applied to the right canines of maxillary and mandibular bone, respectively, in cats, treated for periods of time ranging from one hour to 28 days. Alveolar bones were obtained from compression and tension sites . surrounding tipping maxillary and mandibular canines as well as from contralateral control sites. The samples were extracted, boiled and homogenized, and the supernatants were assayed for cyclic AMP by a radioimmunoassay mothod. The results were as follows: 1. The orthodontic movement of canines was increased to the end of experimental period and the action of orthodontic forces on tooth movement was more effective in maxillary canine. 2. The cyclic AMP levels of alveolar bones in compression and tension sites initially decreased, then increased and remained elevated to the end of experiment. The differences of the cyclic AMP levels between treated sites and non-treated sites were gradually increased. 3. The cyclic AMP levels in treated sites of mandibular alveolar bone was higher than that of maxillary alveolar bone.
Animals ; Bone Remodeling ; Bone Resorption ; Cats ; Cyclic AMP* ; Osteogenesis ; Radioimmunoassay ; Tooth ; Tooth Movement

Adrenalectomy was performed in 13 cases of adrenal tumor admitted to the department of urology during the period from 1977 to 1988. The patients comprised 7 patients with Cushing's syndrome. 1 patient with primary aldosteronism and 5 patients with pheochromocytoma. All surgical approaches were provided transperitoneally including subcostal incision in 9 cases, midline abdominal incision in 3 cases and thoracoabdominal incision in 1 case. 2 cases of pheochromocytoma and 1 case of Cushirig's syndrome, of which masses weighed over 700g and had severe adhesion to the kidney, underwent either additional nephrectomy or partial nephrectomy along with adrenalectomy. Postoperative hospital stay ranged between 7 and 17 days. Hormonal assay done on 1 day to 1 week postoperatively revealed normal or subnormal value.
Adrenalectomy* ; Cushing Syndrome ; Humans ; Hyperaldosteronism ; Kidney ; Length of Stay ; Nephrectomy ; Pheochromocytoma ; Urology

p27kip1, a cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor, has been recognized as a negative regulator of cell cycle. To investigate the role of p27kip1 on progression of cancer and apoptotic pathway, we analyzed p27kip1 expression using immunohistochemical stain in 40 cases of prostatic adenocarcinoma and apoptotic index by TUNEL method in 30 cases of prostatic adenocarinoma. Both were correlated with Gleason grade and Gleason score. Loss of p27kip1 expression was more frequent in prostatic adenocarcinomas of higher score (Gleason score 7 to 10) (60.7%) than in those of lower score (Gleason score 4 to 6) (33.3%) (p<0.05). The value of mean apoptotic index of carcinoma was 1.13+/-0.26, 1.80+/-0.91, 2.06+/-0.79, and 2.12+/-0.82 in grade 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively, and was positively correlated with grade of carcinoma (p<0.05). Mean apoptotic index of higher Gleason score (score 7 to 10; 2.05+/-0.63) was also significantly increased than in lower Gleason score (score 4 to 6; 1.34+/-0.39) (p<0.05). Mean apoptotic index in cases with and without p27kip1 expression was 1.92+/-0.86 and 1.89+/-0.81, respectively (p>0.05). These results suggest that loss of p27kip1 expression and increased apoptotic index may be the morphologic markers to predict the behavior of prostatic adenocaricnoma. The role of p27kip1 on apoptotic pathway seems to be meager in this study and needs further study.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Cell Cycle ; Cyclins ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Neoplasm Grading ; Phosphotransferases

No abstract available.
Vincristine*

PURPOSE: To compare radiation therapy alone to combined modality therapy about survival rate and tolerance of elderly patients (70=or> or =) with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 1998 and 2002, 57 patients given radiation therapy due to NSCLC (Stage III) were analysed retrospectively. Radiation therapy alone (RT), concurrent chemoradiation (CRT), and sequential chemoradiation (SCRT) was done to 33, 16 and 8 patients, respectively. Patients' median age was 74 (range 70~85). Male and female are 51 patients and 6 patients, respectively. 23 patients were stage IIIa and 34 were stage IIIb. Patients' characteristic distribution of RT and CRT was not significantly different except mass size that RT has a bigger than CRT. The fraction size of radiation therapy was 1.8 Gy in CRT and 1.8~3 Gy in other groups. Total radiation dose was 51~63 Gy according to the fraction size. If the prescribed total radiation dose was successfully irradiated, we stated that it was completion of radiation therapy. RESULTS: 52 patients were dead. Median period of radiation therapy was as follow: RT, 35 days, CRT, 60.5 days and SCRT, 35 days. Overall median survival time (MST) was 10.1 months. The 1 yr- and 2 yr-overall survival rate was 39.8% and 17.6%, respectively. MST of RT, CRT and SCRT was 8.9, 8.2 and 11.7 months, respectively. The 1 yr survival rate of RT, CRT and SCRT was 38.4%, 37.5% and 50% (not significant). Patients given incomplete radiation therapy were 12 (RT, 5 CRT, 6 SCRT, 1). N stage (p=0.081) and the difference of treatment methods (p=0.079) were the factors affecting incompletion of radiation therapy, but it was not significant. In case of combined-agents chemotherapy, 4 of 8 ceased radiation therapy. T stage (T> or =3), mass size (> or =5 cm), Karnofsky performance scale (< or =70) and completion of radiation therapy were the prognostic factors in uni- and multi-variate analysis. CONCLUSION: In elderly patients with NSCLC, radiation therapy alone was a treatment method with similar survival period compared with other methods. Generally, patients given radiation therapy alone was tolerable to a treatment. Before planning concurrent chemoirradiation in elderly patients with NSCLC, physicians pay attention to a selection of patients and chemotherapy agents considering general condition and toxicity.
Aged* ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

Severely comminuted tibial condylar fracture is a major threat to the structures and function of the knee joint. Recently, anterior approach with Z-tenotomy of the patellar tendon was introduced for these complicated fractures. It provides wide exposure of the tibial articular surface for maximum joint reconstruction. The purpose of this study was to describe the operative technique and to evaluate the clinical results of this method. We had performed operative treatment in 13 cases (12 patients) of severely comminuted Schatzkers type II, V, and VI tibial condylar fractures through anterior approach from December 1993 to April 1996. Twelve cases out of 13 (92%) showed acceptable results according to Blokkers criteria. There was no superficial or deep infection. On the basis of these results, we suggest that the anterior approach is a valuable aid in the operative treatment of severely comminuted tibial condylar fractures.
Joints ; Knee Joint ; Patella* ; Patellar Ligament* ; Tenotomy* ; Tibia

Columnar epithelium-lined esophagus or intestinal metaplasia of the stomach are acquired disorder associated with some pathologic conditions such as reflux esophagitis and gastric carcinoma. The aims of this study were to investigate the characteristics of the metaplastic epithelium in 12 resected specimens of esophago-gastric junction (EGJ) from the patients of gastric carcinoma by histochemistry, immunohistoche-mistry, and electron microscopy. By hematoxylin-eosin staining, metaplasia was found in all 12 cases examined, among them 10 specimens were intestinal metaplasia of the gastric epithelium, 2 cases columnar epithelium-lined esophagus. Intestinal metaplasia was villiform and consisted of columnar cells and mucous (goblet) cells, and showed variations in the pattern of arrangement: metaplasia occurred in EGJ region, occurred in the gastric epithelium apart some distance from EGJ, intermingled with gastric epithelium. The mucous cells of the intestinal metaplasia were stained with both PAS and alcian blue. The gastric epithelium, however, was only stained with PAS. The columnar epithelium-lined esophagus was stained with PAS but not stained with alcian blue. This simple epithelium was positive for 5D3. Interestingly in 2 cases, stratified squamous epithelium was interposed between gastric epithelium. This epithelium was positive for AE8 and was distinguished from gastric epithelium which were positive for 5D3. The columnar cells of the intestinal metaplasia showed regular microvilli, many apical mitochondria, and well developed supranuclear Golgi complex which were characteristic features of typical absorptive cells. The mucous cells were oval in shape and contained numerous mucous droplets in the apical cytoplasm. Intestinal gland consisted of undifferentiated cells and mucous cells, and did not have Paneth cell. Gastric gland consisted of mucous cells of similar fine structural features to those of gastric epithelial cell. Chief cell and parietal cell were not present in the glandular epithelium. These results indicate that most of the metaplasia occurs in the gastic cardiac portion rather than esophageal portion in EGJ, and suggest that the histologic type of metaplsia of gastric epithelium is complete, and that of esophageal epithelium is junctional.
Adult* ; Alcian Blue ; Cytoplasm ; Epithelial Cells ; Epithelium* ; Esophagitis, Peptic ; Esophagus ; Gastric Mucosa ; Golgi Apparatus ; Humans* ; Intestinal Mucosa ; Metaplasia* ; Microscopy, Electron ; Microvilli ; Mitochondria ; Rabeprazole ; Stomach

No abstract available.
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic*

No abstract available.
Anesthesia, Spinal* ; Arthroplasty*