PURPOSE: We evaluated the role of conventional CT for preoperative staging of gastric carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Conventional CT was prospectively performed in 95 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma proved by means of endoscopic biopsy, and findings were compared with those of surgery or pathology. RESULTS: In the evaluation of pancreatic invasion of the primary tumor, the sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of CT were 71%(5/7), 95%(84/88), and 94%(89/95), respectively. CT depicted transverse mesocolon invasion in only one of the 4 cases(25%). In the evaluation of lymph node metastasis, the sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy were 33%(24/72), 99%(867/878), and 94%(891/950), respectively. In lymph node staging, 49 patients(52%) were correctly staged, 39(41%) were understaged, and 7(7%) were overstaged with CT. CT failed to demdnstrate peritoneal carcinomatosis in all 10 patients. CONCLUSION: The role of conventional CT in the preoperative evaluation of gastric adenocarcinoma is limited due to poor sensitivity despite of good specificity and accuracy.
Adenocarcinoma ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Mesocolon ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pathology ; Prospective Studies* ; Sensitivity and Specificity

PURPOSE: To compare the usefulness of fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MR imaging with that of unenhanced CT in the detection of acute intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-four patients with acute IVH underwent FLAIR MR imaging and unenhanced CT within three days of the onset of symptoms. Except in one patient, all MR studies were performed after CT. The mean time intervals between CT and symptom onset and between CT and MR examinations were six and five hours, respectively. Two radiologists evaluated the detectability and conspicuity of acute IVH at FLAIR MR imaging and unenhanced CT. Positive imaging criteria in the detection of acute IVH were intraventricular hyperintensity at FLAIR MRI and hyperattenuation at CT. RESULTS: Acute IVH was detected in all patients at FLAIR MR imaging and in 30 (88%) of 34 patients at unenhanced CT. In 32 patients (94%), the conspicuity of IVH at FLAIR MR imaging was as good as or better than that at unenhanced CT. CONCLUSION: FLAIR MR imaging was superior to unenhanced CT in the detection of acute IVH.
Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging*

Thirteen patients with visceroatrial situs abnormalities were evaluated by magnetic resonance(MR) imaging. Eleven patients were confirmed surgically. Two patitnts were diagnosed by MRI and cardiac catheterization. Right isomerism was found in seven patients, left isomerism in two, and situs inversus in four. For the determination of situs, we evaluated the morphology of atrial appendages and main bronchi, the relationship between abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava(IVC), and the status of upper abdominal viscera. The bilateral atrial morphology was differentiated in 8 of 12 patients. The bronchial situs was determined in 11 of 12 patients. Juxtaposition of abdominal aorta and IVC was found in 6 of 7 with right isomerism. IVC interruption with azygos continuation was found in all two with left isomerism. Incidentally three cases of short pancreas were found. MR imaging showed all structures relevant for the assessment of situs, thus obvrating the need for performing additional diagnostic procedures. MR imaging, therefore, is a valuable tool in the clinical management of patients who are suspected of having a situs abnormality.
Aorta, Abdominal ; Atrial Appendage ; Bronchi ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Humans ; Isomerism ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pancreas ; Situs Inversus ; Viscera

Adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder, including urachal carcinoma, is a rare tumor with incidence in the range between 0.5% and 2.2% of all epithelial bladder neoplasms. Ten cases of adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder(eight cases of primary adenocarcinoma and two cases of urachal carcinoma)are presented. We described the computed tomography(CT)appearances of adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder and tried to find out the characteristic CT findings of urachal carcinoma. CT scan were evaluated for the location of the tumors, presence of calcification in the tumor, and the tumor extension. Seven tumors were located at the dome of the bladder(70%0, two were at lateral walls, and one was at anterior wall. Seven were single mass and three were multicentric masses in the bladder. Fine punctate calcifications scattered within the tumors were detected in four cases(40%); three of the eight, primary adenocarcinoma, and one of the two, urachal carcinoma. Two urachal carcinomas were characterized by midline position and predominantly extravesical growth along the urachus. Gross extravesical extension with distant metastasis were presented in seven cases(70%) at the time of initial diagnosis. CT may be useful in evaluating the adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder and differentiating urachal carcinoma from bladder cancer.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Diagnosis ; Incidence ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Urachus ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory*

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Placental Extracts* ; Pregnant Women*

Medical records of very low birth weight infants weighing less than 1500 grams at birth were reviewed and analyzed. One hundred and forty three infants who were admitted to neonatal intensive care unit of Presbyterian Medical Center, including those who were born and transferred from other hospitals, from January 1987 to December 1991 were examined and the following results were obtained; 1) The incidence of very low birth weight infant was 1.21% 2) The most common maternal risk factor was premature labor and the next was toxemia. 3) The most common disease of very low birth weight infant was neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and the next was septicemia. 4) Twenty five infants (38.5%) of intensive care group and 67 infants (85.9%) of Not-ventilated group survived with overall survival rate of 64.6%. 5) The heavier birth weight and longer intrauterine period were factors offering better chance for survival. 6) Among 43 (30%) infants expired, 7 (16.3%) died within 24 hours after birth, 12 (27.9%) died in second or third day, 4 (9.3%) died between fourth and seventh day, and 20 (46.5%) died between eighth.and twenty eighth day.
Birth Weight ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal ; Incidence ; Infant* ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight* ; Critical Care ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Medical Records ; Obstetric Labor, Premature ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; Protestantism ; Risk Factors ; Sepsis ; Survival Rate ; Toxemia

No abstract available.
Aorta, Thoracic* ; Humans ; Infarction*

The first-line imaging modality used to detect subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a non-contrast computed tomography (CT) scan. Although a CT scan shows great sensitivity for diagnosis of SAH, especially in the hyper-acute and acute stages, it sometimes shows negative results despite typical symptoms. It is thought that the small amount of blood causing the hemorrage and the delay time of the CT scans were the causes of the negative results. Two patients presented to us with SAH, but initial CT scans were negative. We diagnosed the SAH of these patients using magnetic resonance images.
Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Magnetics ; Magnets ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is a MR sequence that is used to evaluate the rate of microscopic water diffusion within the tissues. The ability to measure the rate of water diffusion is important because this is frequently altered in various disease processes. Generally, the lesions with restricted water diffusion show bright intensity on DWI, but the lesions without restricted water diffusion can also show bright intensity on DWI, which is called the "T2 shine through effect". With DWI, we can sensitively detect hyperacute infarction (within 6 hours after symptom onset), and this is difficult to detect with using CT and the conventional MR sequences. The acute and subacute lesions of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and carbon monoxide intoxication also show bright intensity on the DWI. The other diseases that can show bright intensity on the DWI include acute and subacute diffuse axonal injury lesions, hyperacute and late subacute hematomas, cerebral abscess, subdural empyema, acute herpes encephalitis, various tumors and such degenerative and demyelinating diseases as multiple sclerosis, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, Wilson's disease and Wernicke's encephalopathy.
Brain ; Brain Abscess ; Carbon Monoxide ; Demyelinating Diseases ; Diffuse Axonal Injury ; Diffusion ; Empyema, Subdural ; Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex ; Hematoma ; Hepatolenticular Degeneration ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; Infarction ; Multiple Sclerosis ; Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome ; Water ; Wernicke Encephalopathy