No abstract available.

Medical record of 66 eyes which had undergone pars plana vitrectomy for the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy were reviewed to study their clinical features, incidences and types of complications, visual outcome, and visual prognostic factors. The final visual outcome showed the improvement in 50[76%] eyes, no change in 13[20%]eyes, and the worsening in 3[4%] eyes. Preoperative prognostic factors favoring final visual acuity included the followings:1]insulin dependent diabetes mellitus which developed before 30 years of age, 2]absence of iris neovascularization, 3]absence of tractional macular detachment. Postoperative complications included vitreous hemorrhage in 34[52%]eyes, cataract in 12[19%]eyes, increased intraocular pressure in 6[10%]eyes, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in 4[6%]eyes, choroidal effusion in 3[5%]eyes, corneal epithelial defect in 2[3%]eyes, neovascular glaucoma in 1[2%] eye. Postoperative complications associated with poor visual outcome were rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and neovascular glaucoma.Intraoperative complication of iatrogenic retinal tear did not seem to deteriorate the final visual acuity.
Cataract ; Choroid ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diabetic Retinopathy* ; Glaucoma, Neovascular ; Incidence ; Intraocular Pressure ; Iris ; Medical Records ; Postoperative Complications ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinal Perforations ; Traction ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy* ; Vitreous Hemorrhage

Demodex is easily found from eyelashes and suggested as the one of the causes of some eye diseases. This study was to investigate the occurence rate, and classification of Demodex from eyelashes, and its relationship with blepharitis. The data of this study were compiled from 27 blepharitis patients and 173 patients without blepharitis (control group) who had visited St. Paul's Hospital from October 1981 to December 1981. Three eyelashes from each eyelid-total 12 lashes from a patient-were extracted under the slit lamp, located on a slide glass and fixed with polyvinyl lactophenol mounting medium. (countinued..)
Blepharitis ; Classification ; Eye Diseases ; Eyelashes* ; Glass ; Humans ; Polyvinyls

The symptoms of the rheumatoid arthritis are variable enough to be ranged from mild to severe case. Synovectomy, fusion, and total knee replacement are to be applied according to the site and degree of involvement as surgical treatments. In the analysis, we compare the result of PCL retention TKR patients with those of PCL sacrificing TKR patients and of cemented TKR patients with those of cementless TKR patients. Function of the knee was evaluated using the knee score system of the Hospital for Special Surgery. From Nov, 1982 to Nov. 1990, total knee replacment was performed on 128 knees in 77 patients with rheumatoid arthritis at the Kyung Hee University Hospital and were followed for from two to ten years(average, four years eleven months). 1. The age at operation was ranged from 21 years to 72 years(average 53.2 years). There were seventy one female and six male patients. 2. The cruciate sacrificing prosthesis(group I ) were 42 cases and cruciate retention prosthesis(group II) were 86 cases. 3. The average preoperative range of motion was 85. 5 degree and the average post-operative range of motion was 107. 7 degree. Group I changed from 74. 7 degree to 105. 8 degree and Group II changed from 90. 5 degree to 108. 5 degree. 4. The average preoperative flexion contracture was 28. 7 degree and average post-operative flexion contracture was 7.8 degree. Group I changed from 37 degree to 8.4 degree and Group II changed from 24. 7 degree to 7. 5 degree. 5. The average preoperative tibiofemoral angle was varus 7. 4 degree in 69 cases and valgus 7. 6 degree in 59 cases. The average postoperative tibiofemoral angle was valgus 7. 2 degree. 6. The average preoperative knee Rating Score was 35. 2 point and the average postoperative score improved to 82. 7 point. Group I changed from 31. 3 point to 79. 4 point and Group II changed from 37 point to 84. 2 point. 7. 107 cases were cemented TKR and the 21 cases were cementless. There was no significant difference in those groups. 8. Additional operations were THR in eight cases, TER in five cases, TAR in four cases, TSR in one case, TWR in one case, Swanson prosthesis in one case, knee synovectomy in two cases, elbow synovectomy in three cases, and wrist synovectomy in two cases. 9. Complication included loosening in one case, partial ankylosis in three cases, and deep infection in one case.
Ankylosis ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Contracture ; Elbow ; Female ; Humans ; Knee ; Male ; Prostheses and Implants ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Wrist

Perioperative management of patients with pheochromocytoma is challenging. Accordingly, proper preoperative preparation is important. Prazosin, a selective alpha I blocker, may offer a potential advantage. This 54-year-old woman was treated with prazosin 2 mg, b.i.d. for 15 days and also with propranolol 20 mg, b.i.d. for a few days intermittently before the proposed surgery. Both symptoms and blood pressure were well controlled effectively. Induction of anesthesia was accomplished with nitrolingual spray, fentanyl 100 ug, 1% idocaine 50 mg, 2.5% thiopental sodium 200 mg, vecuronium 6 mg and 100% O2-enflurane. During the surgical and anesthetic procedure, the patient showed a reduced incidence of excessive blood-pressure variations and no arrhythmia was present except for supraventricular ectopic beats. Conclusively, we believe that careful preoperative preparation is recommended to minimize intraoperative hemodynamic dieturbances and their sequelae.
Anesthesia ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Blood Pressure ; Female ; Fentanyl ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Incidence ; Middle Aged ; Pheochromocytoma* ; Prazosin* ; Propranolol ; Thiopental ; Vecuronium Bromide

Brunners gland adenoma is a benign epithelial tumor of the duodenum originating from submucosal Brunners gland. This is an extremely rare entity that account for only 10.6% of benign duodenal tumor, which are themselves relatively rare, representing 0.008% of all surgical and autopsy specimens. The clinical manifestation are nonspecific gastrointestinal complaints, such as bloating or epigastric pain, and the tumor gives rise to melena or anemia, due to the ulceration or erosion of the tumor. The diagnosis is usually made by radiologic studies and gastroduodenal endoscopy which can also provide definitive treatment. The aim of treatment is complete removal of the lesion and exclude malignancy. We report on 4 cases of Brunners gland adenoma which was confirmed by operation or endoscopic polypectomy.
Adenoma* ; Anemia ; Autopsy ; Diagnosis ; Duodenum ; Endoscopy ; Melena ; Ulcer

BACKGROUND: The Korean Red Cross(KRC) are considering the introduction of prestorage leukoreduced RBCs, as it is thought one of best way to prevent WBC-associated adverse transfusion reactions. We evaluated two different quadruple top-and-bottom collection bags, specially designed for this purpose by two manufacturers(Boin Medica Co.,Ltd and Green Cross Medical Corporation, Korea), consisted of a CPD bag, a SAG-M bag and an inline RBC filter, either RCM1 (Pall Medical, U.S.A.) or BioR 01 1N (Fresenius Hemocare, Germany) each. METHODS: Fifty one bags from Boin and sixty bags from Green Cross and consequent blood components were studied in twice over a period of two years. As an inline filter, Boin used RCM1 and Green Cross used RCM1(1st) and BioR 01 1N(2nd). They were divided into group A(filtration performed after processing of RBCs) and B(filtration performed after storage of overnight at 4 degrees C). WBC-reduced RBCs were tested for pH, plasma K+, plasma Hb and blood culture every 7 days to investigate storage time-dependent changes up to 42 days. RESULTS: The results of pH, plasma K+ and plasma Hb from CPD added whole blood, RBCs, SAG-M added RBCs and WBC-reduced RBCs did not show significant differences. We observed both of adding SAG-M solution and filtration procedure did not effect on the prestorage leukoreduced RBCs. WBCs were removed effectively by prestorage filtration. But in the case of failed units, the design or method to integrate an RBC filter may be a cause for the failure. CONCLUSION: We concluded that two different quadruple collection bags with integral RCM1 filter from Boin(2nd) and Green Cross(1st) are useful for production of prestorage leukoreduced RBCs.
Blood Group Incompatibility ; Filtration ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Plasma

To evaluate the validity of serum pepsinogen levels as a screening tool for gastric cancer and adenoma, immunoradiometric assays of serum pepsinogen I level (PG I), II level (PG II) and esphagogastroduodenal endoscopies were done in 757 health examlnees. Serum PG I level was higher in subjects with active duodenal ulcer (n=45, 75.2+/-34.3 microgram/l(mean+/-standard deviation), p<0.01) and gastroduodenal ulcers (n=8,756+/-19.8 microgram/l, p<0.05), and was lower in those with gastric adenoma (n=4,37.7+/-37.2 microgram/l, p<0.2) than those with normal, mild gastritis findings or ulcer scars (n=378, 56.6+/-24.9 microgram/l). Serum PG II level las higher in subjects with active duodenal ulcer (17.2+/-13.8 microgram/l, p<0.2), active gastro-duodenal ulcers (l8.3+/-7.4 microgram/l, p<0.2) and gastric carcinoma (n=3, 23.8+/-10.9 microgram/l, p<0.05) than those with normal, mild gastritis findings or ulcer scars (14.5+/-7.9 microgram/l). Serum PG I/PG 11 ratio was higher in subjects with active duodenal ulcer (5.1+/-1.6, p<0.05) and was lower in those with chronic gastritis (n=107, 4.1+/-1.7, p<0.05), gastric polyp (n=19, 3.9+/-1.4, p<0.2), gastric adenoma (n=4, 2.1+/-1.9, p<0.01) and gastric carcinoma (n=3, 2.7+/-1.2, p<0.1) than those with normal, mild gastritis findings or ulcer scars (4.5+/-1.7). Serum PG 11 level increased with age until 6th decade, whereas serum PG I/PG II ratio decreased with age in 378 subjects with normal, mild gastritis findings or ulcer scars. The screening criteria of serum PG I<70 microgram/l and PG I/PG II ratio<3.0 for detecting gastric cancer and adenorna gave a positive rate of 15.7%, sensitivity of 57.1% and specificity of 84.7%.
Adenoma* ; Cicatrix ; Duodenal Ulcer ; Gastritis ; Immunoradiometric Assay ; Korea* ; Mass Screening* ; Pepsinogen A* ; Peptic Ulcer ; Polyps ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Ulcer

The ocular manifestations of leukemia include leukemic infiltration in optic nerve, retina, choroid, iris, ciliary body and anterior chamber, as well as retinal vascular change and hemorrhage due to systemic hemodynamic abnormalities.Occasionaly, subhyaloid hemorrhage involving the macula may cause acute loss of central visual acuity. We observed dense bilateral macular subhyaloid hemorrhage in 19-year-old man who had been diagnosed to have acute myeloid leukemia.Trans pars plana vitrectomy was performed in his both eyes, resulting in improvement of vision.
Anterior Chamber ; Choroid ; Ciliary Body ; Hemodynamics ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Iris ; Leukemia ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute* ; Leukemic Infiltration ; Optic Nerve ; Retina ; Retinaldehyde ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological significance of responders with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with oxaliplatin chemotherapy. METHODS: A total of 52 patients with unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer were enrolled for treatment between March 2000 and August 2005. Patients received first line chemotherapy consisted of oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 or 130 mg/m2 as a 2-hour infusion on day 1, concurrently with leucovorin (LV) 20 mg/m2 as a bolus infusion on day 1~5, followed by continuous infusion of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) 425 mg/m2 on day 1~5. This treatment was repeated in 2 or 3 week intervals. All responses were assessed after 4 cycles of therapy by independent radiologic experts and categorized into two groups: responder (major reduction of tumor) and non-responder group (no change or progression of the tumor. RESULTS: The response rate was 51.9 percent (27/52 patients). There were no significant differences in clinicopathologic parameters between two groups. The decrease of CEA value after chemotherapy was significantly more frequent in the responder group than in the non-responder group. CONCLUSIONS: We could not find any clinical differences between the two groups, but these results suggest that oxaliplatin chemotherapy has a beneficial effect on tumor shrinkage and serum CEA value can be an indicator for tumor response of oxaliplatin in advanced colorectal cancer.
Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Drug Therapy* ; Fluorouracil ; Humans ; Leucovorin