In an attempt to investigate the role of endogenous opiate in the changes of regional cerebral flow(rCBF) in intracerrebral hematoma(ICH), an experimental model of ICH was induced in the cat. Forty adult cats were divided into four groups, saline-treated normal control group(10 cats), saline-treated ICH group(10 cats) and naloxone-treated ICH group(10 cats) respectively. The ICH was induced in the right frontal region stereotactically with the autogenous arterial blood(1.5ml). The rCBF measurements done by hydrogen clearance method were carried out in each cat immediately, 20 min, 40 min, 60 min, 80 min, 100 min, 120 min, 140 min, and 160 min following ICH induction, and naloxone(10 mg/kg) was intravenously administered immediately, 60 min and 120 min after ICH induction. ICH induction resulted in increases of mean arterial blood pressure(MABP) and intracranial pressure(ICP) and decrease of rCBF of the ipsilateral hemisphere. Naloxone did not modify the pattern of MABP and ICP changes, however it transiently increased rCBF, every time the drug was administered in naloxone-treated control group and from 60 min following ICH induction in naloxone-treated ICH group. The animals were sacrificed 180 min after ICH induction and the brains were sliced and prepared with Evans Blue, which revealed no significant mass effect, midline shift or perifocal brain edema. It is concluded that the decrease of rCBF in ICH could be influenced by endogenous opiates and naloxone could improve decreased rCBF in ICH without increase of MABP or decrease of ICP.
Adult ; Animals ; Brain ; Brain Edema ; Cats* ; Evans Blue ; Hematoma* ; Humans ; Hydrogen ; Models, Theoretical ; Naloxone* ; Opioid Peptides

Mucocele of the appendix is uncomrnon and rarely diagnosed preoperatively. The malignant rountpart-i.e. mucinous cystadenocarcinoma--has the same grross appearance and many micro scopic features in cornmon wilhe the benign form. It rnay be associated with ovarian mucinous cystadenoma of strikingly similar microscopic appearence. A serious complication is a rupture of the mucoeele resulting in pseudomyxoma peritonei. Each case of benign and malignant mucocelr of the appendix falsely diagnosecl as an oovarian tumor before laparotxumy are presented wilh a brief rieview of the literatures.
Appendix* ; Cystadenoma, Mucinous ; Mucins ; Mucocele* ; Pseudomyxoma Peritonei ; Rupture

No abstract available.
Toluene*

Oculocutaneous Albinism (OCA) is a heterogenous autosomal recessive disorder characterized by defective melanin biosynthesis. Physical findings including white scalp hair and depigmented skin of whole body in newborn infants are important clinical features of OCA 1. We report a newborn case of OCA 1 with two different TYR mutations, and gene defects of the baby revealed to be originated from both parents carriers of OCA.
Albinism, Oculocutaneous* ; Hair ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Melanins ; Parents ; Scalp ; Skin

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the spatial changes of mesial-in rotated maxillary molar and opposite anchor tooth during derotation by the precision transpalatal arch (TPA) with the use of a new typodont simulation system, the Calorific machine system, which was designed to observe the whole process of tooth movement. The maxillary right first molar was used for the anchor tooth and the maxillary left first molar was used for the mesial-in rotated tooth, and the angle of rotation was increased to 20, 40, and 60. A passive precision TPA was fabricated and then activated by bending the left arm to 20, 40, and 60. Each experiment was repeated five times under the same conditions and analyzed by ANOVA and Tucky's Studentized Range (HSD) test. In the occlusal plane, when the bending angle of precision TPA was increased, the mesiobuccal cusp of the rotated molar moved more buccally (p<0.001) and less distally (p<0.001) while the distolingual cusp moved in the mesiopalatal direction. In the sagittal plane, the palatal roots of the derotated molar moved mesially (p<0.001). In the traverse plane, the derotated molar showed slight extrusion (p<0.001). The upper right first molar, which was used as an anchor tooth, showed clinically insignificant movement across all three planes.
Arm ; Dental Occlusion ; Humans ; Molar* ; Tooth ; Tooth Movement

The demographics and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer patients have changed during the last few decades. We conducted this study to assess the change in demographics and prognosis in resected non-small cell lung cancer patients during a 20-yr single-institution study in Korea. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 2,076 non-small cell lung cancer patients who underwent pulmonary resection between 1990 and 2009. Their clinical characteristics and survival were analyzed over a five-year period. With time, the proportions of female, adenocarcinoma, stage IA, and lobectomy patients increased, whereas the proportions of male, squamous cell carcinoma, stage IIIA, and pneumonectomy patients decreased. These demographic changes caused improved prognosis. The five-year survival rate of all patients was 53.9%. The five-year survival rate increased from 31.9% in 1990-1994, to 43.6% in 1995-1999, 51.3% in 2000-2004, and 69.7% in 2005-2009 (P < 0.001). In conclusion, among patients with resected non-small cell lung cancer, the proportions of female, adenocarcinoma, stage IA, and lobectomy patients have increased, and the five-year survival rate has gradually improved during the last 20 yr in Korea.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/*diagnosis/mortality/surgery ; Child ; Demography ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/*diagnosis/mortality/surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Republic of Korea ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Young Adult

From July, 1989 to June, 1998 forty-two patients with malignant germ cell tumors of the ovary treated in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, were identified. Demographic characteristics, symptoms, signs, stage, tumor grade, mode of therapy and results of follow-up of those patients were reviewed retrospectively. The patients with malignant germ cell tumor constituted 11.1% of all ovarian malignancies and 5.6% of all ovarian germ cell tumors ecountered during this period. The most common histologic subtype was dysgerminoma (26.2%) followed by endodermal sinus tumor (23.8%) and immature teratoma (19.0%). The age of the patients ranged from 8 to 64 years (mean+/-S.D.; 26.0+/-12.9) and the mean parity was 0.8 (+/-1.6). The most frequent initial symptoms were adbominal pain (33.3%) or abdominal distension (31.0%). Most had stage I(25 cases, 59.9%) or II(6 cases, 14.3%) diseases. Elevated level of serum alpha-FP was observed in all cases of endodermal sinus tumor and embryonal cell carcinoma, CA 125 was elevated in 63.9% of all malignant germ cell tumors. Thirty-one patients (73.8%) were treated by surgery and chemotherapy and 10 patients (23.8%) by surgery only. The major chemotherapeutic regimens were BEP (bleomycin +etoposide +cisplatin) and VAC (vincristine +actinomycin-D +cytoxan). The mean follow-up duration was 24.6 (+/-23.5) months and 2-year survival rate was 88.6% (+/-0.6).
Chungcheongnam-do ; Drug Therapy ; Dysgerminoma ; Endodermal Sinus Tumor ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Germ Cells* ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal* ; Obstetrics ; Ovary* ; Parity ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Teratoma ; Ulsan

Uterine sarcomas are rare, characterized by rapid clinical progression and poor prognosis, and their management has been a challenge. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical and pathologic characteristics of patients with uterine sarcoma managed in the department of Obstetric and Gynecology, college of medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical center, Seoul, Korea from June 1989 to August 1998. Data including clinical and histologic findings, treatment and outcome of nineteen patients were evaluated. The age of patients ranged 22 to 71 years (mean+/-S.D.; 46.9+/-13.1) and half of patients were postmenopausal and four patients were nulliparous. Palpable pelvic mass or abnormal uterine bleeding were the most common sign or symptom. Twelve patients (63.2%) had stage I disease and seven (36.8%) had stage III disease. There were 13 cases (68.4%) of leiomyosarcoma, 4 cases (21.1%) of endometrial stromal sarcoma, 2 cases (10.5%) malignant mixed mullerian tumor. All except one received hysterectomy (simple or radical) with or without bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Some received omentectomy or pelvic lymphadenectomy. Postoperative chemotherapy was administered in ten patients with regimen of VAC, VBP, VIC and etc. The mean follow-up duration was 29.3 (+/- 24.7) months and 5 patients died of the disease resulting 2-year survival of 68.1%. FIGO stage and mitotic count were considered to have prognostic significance, but without statistical confirmation. In conclusion, uterine sarcomas are aggressive tumors with a poor prognosis. Our data showed excellent outcome in early disease with surgery with or without adjuvant chemotherapy, whereas there was no long-term survivor in advanced disease despite postoperative chemotherapy.
Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Drug Therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Korea ; Leiomyosarcoma ; Lymph Node Excision ; Prognosis ; Sarcoma* ; Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal ; Seoul ; Survivors ; Ulsan ; Uterine Hemorrhage

We experienced a case of vestibular schwannoma and metachronous schwannoma in the colon. A 59-year-old female presented with a 1-month history of hematochezia. She had undergone suboccipital craniectomy resulting in radical subtotal resection, followed by gamma knife radiosurgery for a large left vestibular schwannoma 4 years prior to admission. On preoperative colonoscopy, a huge mass through which the colonoscope could not be passed was detected. CT scans showed colo-colonic intussusception with a 4.8-cm-sized mass in the descending colon. PET/CT revealed hypermetabolism of the descending colon tumor and pericolic lymph nodes. We performed left hemicolectomy under the preoperative impression of colon cancer with intussusception. A pathological diagnosis of benign schwannoma of the colon was made in this patient.
Colon* ; Colon, Descending ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Colonoscopes ; Colonoscopy ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intussusception ; Lymph Nodes ; Middle Aged ; Neurilemmoma* ; Neuroma, Acoustic* ; Positron-Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography ; Radiosurgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVE: Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is common in elderly patients. So, with an increasing number of elderly people in the general population, there is a need to investigate risk factors which increase recurrence rate. In this study, factors affecting the postoperative recurrence are investigated based on the reoperative CSDH cases. METHODS: Total of ninety-seven patients was enrolled in this study who had have operation for CSDH. In all patients, one burr hole trephination and drainage was the method of choice for the initial treatment of CSDH. We retrospectively evaluated several factors which affect to recurrence of CSDH. RESULTS: Retrospective analysis was performed in 97 patients. Sixteen patients experienced reoperation within 3 months (16/97, 16.5%) for recurrence of CSDH. And, when hematoma was divided by internal architecture, heterogeneous density group seems to be have close relationship with recurrence more significantly than homogeneous density group (p=0.002). Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, early removal of drainage tube, bilaterality of hematoma also have significant relationship with recurrence. CONCLUSION: Recurrence rate of CSDH treated with one burr hole drainage is related with some various factors. There was statistically significant difference between recurred group and non-recurred group. Not only demographic factors but also internal architecture on preoperative brain computed tomography is a significant predicting factor of recurrence in CSDH patients who underwent a surgery. In this study, heterogeneous type hematoma have significantly related with recurrence of CSDH. We should give attention to these predicting factors for more effective care.
Aged ; Brain ; Demography ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Drainage* ; Hematoma ; Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic* ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Recurrence* ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Trephining