No abstract available.
Osteosarcoma*

Calcium channel blockers are used to treat hypertension. Unwanted side effects associated with calcium channel blockers are facial flushing, headache, palpitation, dizziness, peripheral edema, constipation, indigestion, nausea, gingival hyperplasia, facial edema and fatigue. Gingival hyperplasia is a rare adverse effect of calcium channel blockers. Calcium channel blockers are known to contribute to gingival hyperplasia. Among all calcium-channel blockers, the prevalence of gingival hyperplasia is highest with nifedipine. Amlodipine is used extensively for the management of hypertension. Several cases have been published since 1994 indicating that amlodipine may also promote gingival hyperplasia. Amlodpine-induced gingival hyperplasia has not reported yet in Korea. We report a case of gingival hyperplasia caused by amlodipine.
Amlodipine* ; Calcium Channel Blockers ; Constipation ; Dizziness ; Dyspepsia ; Edema ; Fatigue ; Flushing ; Gingival Hyperplasia* ; Headache ; Hypertension ; Korea ; Nausea ; Nifedipine ; Prevalence

No abstract available.
Adenoids* ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic* ; Lacrimal Apparatus*

PURPOSE: Hepatic hemangioendothelioma (HET) is a rare benign vascular tumor in infants. The clinical manifestations are variable from asymptomatic to life-threatening heart failure or Kasabach-Merritt syndrome (KM SD). We report our non-surgical treatment experience for infantile HET. METHODS: We analyzed 15 infants (5 males, 10 females) of HET retrospectively, from January 1989 to December 2007. RESULTS: All except 2 were full-term babies and median birth weight was 3,140 g. The median age at diagnosis was 15 days of life (0~157 days). Three of 5 patients diagnosed prenatally presented heart failure symptoms and the remaining 2 showed KM SD. Among 6 neonates, 3 showed cyanosis due to congestive heart failure. Nine patients showed multiple nodules at both liver lobes. Three asymptomatic patients were followed with radiologic examinations, thus HETs regressed spontaneously in two and decreased in one. Four cases that showed hepatomegaly or increase in size of subcutaneous hemangioma, were treated with prednisolone. All patients improved from tumor related symptoms and tumor size decreased. Four patients (2 patients of heart failure, 1 with rapid progressive hepatomegaly and 1 with congenital heart disease) received interferon-alpha. Among them, 3 showed regression of tumor and the remaining 1 showed decrease of tumor size. Two patients who suffered from severe heart failure received prednisolone and interferon-alpha, and then recovered. In the 2 patients with KM SD, we tried hepatic artery embolization with medical treatment. One survived but the other is not followed after failure of embolization. CONCLUSION: We experienced that many patients who had clinical symptoms associated with HET very early in their life treated with an aggressive nonsurgical treatment in symptomatic patients showed favorable outcome.
Birth Weight ; Cyanosis ; Heart ; Heart Failure ; Hemangioendothelioma ; Hemangioma ; Hepatic Artery ; Hepatomegaly ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Interferon-alpha ; Kasabach-Merritt Syndrome ; Liver ; Male ; Prednisolone ; Retrospective Studies

This study was designed to investigate the effects of buthanol (BuOH) fraction of pine (Pinus densiflora Sieb et Zucc) needle on cholesterol and lipofuscin (LF) accumulations, acetylcholine (ACh) and its related enzyme activities such as choline acetyltransferase (CAhT) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and monoamone oxidase-B (MAO-B) activity, which destroyed the catecholamine-related neurotransmitters in brain membranes of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Male SD rats were fed basic diets (control group) or experimental diets (BuOH-25, BuOH-50 and BuOH-100) for 45 days. Cholesterol accumulations in mitochondria and microsomes were significantly inhibited (about 14 - 17% and 23 - 34%, respectvely) in BuOH-50 and BuOH-100 groups, whereas LF levels were significantly inhibited (about 10 - 14%) in BuOH-50 and BuOH-100 groups compared with control group. ACh levels and ChAT activities were significantly increased (about 11 - 17% and 11 - 23%, respectively) in membranes of BuOH-50 and BuOH-100 groups compared with control group. AChE activities were significantly increased (about 14 - 17%) in membranes of BuOH-50 and BuOH-100 groups. There was no significant difference in MAO-B activities between control and experimental diet groups. The results suggest that butanol fraction of pine needle may play an effective role in an antiaging effect and improving a learning and memory impairments.
Acetylcholine* ; Acetylcholinesterase ; Animals ; Brain* ; Cholesterol ; Choline O-Acetyltransferase ; Diet ; Humans ; Learning ; Lipofuscin ; Male ; Membranes ; Memory ; Microsomes ; Mitochondria ; Monoamine Oxidase ; Needles* ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Mucinous adenocarcinoma is a rare histologic type of gastric carcinoma. Most mucinous gastric carcinoma is diagnosed by histology after surgical resection. However, in this report, we preoperatively predicted the type of a tumor (mucinous type) from its characteristic endoscopic finding. An endoscopic examination showed a cauliflower-like mass on the upper body of the posterior wall. At first we could not find the mass because it was covered with a thick mucin-like substance. After gastric lavage and mucin aspiration we found a tumor mass which was surrounded with a characteristic mucin pool. Abdominal CT showed a 6 cm sized-mass connected with the gastric fundus. Total gastrectomy with esophagojejunostomy was performed. The pathology of the tumor proved to be a mucinous adenocarcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; Gastrectomy ; Gastric Fundus ; Gastric Lavage ; Gastric Mucins* ; Mucins* ; Pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is rare disorder, which is caused by a reduction in the aortomesenteric angle causing a duodenal obstruction. It is usually occurs after a period of weight loss, nausea, and vomiting by a partial obstruction of the third portion of the duodenum. If conservative management fails then a laparotomy with a duodenojejunostomy is indicated. Recently, a minimally invasive or laparoscopic approach to the retroperitoneum or duodenal detachment was introduced. Although the role of a laparoscopy in managing SMA syndrome is not clearly defined, a laparoscopic duodenojejunostomy may be an alternative approach to the surgical treatment of SMA syndrome cases. Two cases of superior mesenteric artery syndrome that were treated laparoscopically after medical therapy failure are described. The 4-port procedure was performed. A dilated bowel on the third portion of the duodenum was observed below the transverse mesocolon and to right of the superior mesenteric artery. A proximal loop of the jejunum was anastomosed to the duodenum using an endoscopic GIA stapler. The surgery time and hospital length of stay were acceptable. No complications were encountered in this study. A laparoscopic duodenojejunostomy is a feasible alternative option for treating SMA syndrome. It provides the benefits of being a definitive and minimally invasive surgical technique in a duodenal obstruction.
Adult ; *Duodenostomy ; Duodenum/radiography ; Female ; Human ; Jejunum/*surgery ; *Laparoscopy ; Male ; Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome/radiography/*surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Recent studies suggest possibility of continuous and prolonged liver ischemia exceeding one hour. We compared mortality rates, liver function, serum Interleukin-6(IL-6) concentration and liver cell necrosis after continuous and intermittent hepatic ischemia in rats. METHODS: Sixty rats were divided into 6 groups to compare 7 day mortality rate. Continuous and intermittent left hepatic inflow occlusion was performed for a total period of 45, 60 and 90 minutes. In a separate study, following 90 minutes continuous or intermittent ischemia, systemic blood was sampled at 0 minute, 6 hours and 24 hours after final clamp release for measurement of SGOT, SGPT and IL-6. Pathologic examination was performed 24 hours or 7 days after reperfusion accordingly. RESULTS: There were no differences in the mortality rates within seven days. There were no differences in the level of SGOT, SGPT and IL-6 between each experimental group. In a pathologic examination, similar liver cell necrosis was found in each group until 24 hours of reperfusion. However, at 7 days after reperfusion, significantly higher grade of hepatic necrosis was noted in the group having continuous ischemia compared with intermittent ischemia of 90 minutes(p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Continuous ischemia is associated with significant risk in the aspect of pathologic study, although it did not affect short term mortality rates.
Alanine Transaminase ; Animals ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Interleukin-6 ; Ischemia ; Liver ; Mortality ; Necrosis ; Rats* ; Reperfusion ; Reperfusion Injury*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Ischemic injury is the most common and important cause of myocardial damage. Over past decades, a number of studies have identified a protective mechanism known as ischemic preconditioning, which can block or delay cell death from ischemic injury. Protein kinase C (PKC), especially theepsilonisoform has been proposed as a key factor in the signaling pathway of ischemic preconditioning. However, whether PKCepsilon expression in cardiomyocytes can offer such protection from acute ischemia has not been explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To demonstrate a direct effect of PKCepsilon expression, a lentiviral vector system was established. Using the lentiviral vector, PKCepsilon was introduced to neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVM) cultured under ischemic conditions, and also to adult rat myocardium subject to left coronary artery ligation. RESULTS: Compared to control, PKCepsilon expression in cultured NRVM under ischemia resulted in preserved cell density and morphology, and a reduction in cell death (77.6+/-12.8% vs 58.1+/-7.2%, p<0.05). In adult rats, the infarcted area after coronary artery ligation was markedly reduced in myocardium injected with PKCepsilon vector compared to control (11.4+/-5.3% vs 20.5+/-11.3%, p<0.01). CONCLUSION: These results provide direct evidence that PKCepsilon is a central player in protection against cell death from acute ischemia.
Adult ; Animals ; Cell Count ; Cell Death ; Coronary Vessels ; Humans ; Ischemia ; Ischemic Preconditioning ; Lentivirus ; Ligation ; Muscle Cells ; Myocardium ; Myocytes, Cardiac* ; Protein Kinase C ; Protein Kinase C-epsilon ; Protein Kinases* ; Rats

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Widespread use of thrombolytic treatments, along with improved chances of survival after an initial ischemic stroke, increases the possibility of repeated thrombolysis. There are few reports, however, regarding repeated thrombolysis in patients who have suffered acute ischemic stroke. We explored the number and outcome of patients with repeated thrombolytic therapy in the era of multimodal thrombolytic treatments. METHODS: We investigated patients with acute ischemic stroke who had received thrombolytic treatments for a period of 10 years. Number of thrombolysis was determined in each patient. Recanalization was defined as Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction grading > or =2a. Symptomatic hemorrhagic transformation was defined as any increase in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score that could be attributed to intracerebral hemorrhage. A good outcome was defined as a modified Rankin scale score < or =2. RESULTS: Of the 437 patients who received thrombolytic treatments, only 7 underwent repeated thrombolysis (1.6%). The median age at the time of repeated thrombolytic therapy was 71 years old; 4 of the patients were female. All patients had 1 or more potential sources of cardiac embolism. Recanalization was achieved in all patients, in both the first and the second thrombolysis. No symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage occurred after repeated thrombolytic treatments. Five patients (71.4%) showed good outcomes at 3 months. CONCLUSIONS: Repeated thrombolysis for recurrent acute ischemic stroke appears to be safe and feasible. Among patients who experience recurrent acute ischemic stroke, thrombolytic therapy could be considered even if the patient has had previous thrombolytic treatments.
Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Cerebral Infarction ; Embolism ; Female ; Humans ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Recurrence ; Stroke ; Thrombolytic Therapy