No abstract available.
Osteosarcoma*

Calcium channel blockers are used to treat hypertension. Unwanted side effects associated with calcium channel blockers are facial flushing, headache, palpitation, dizziness, peripheral edema, constipation, indigestion, nausea, gingival hyperplasia, facial edema and fatigue. Gingival hyperplasia is a rare adverse effect of calcium channel blockers. Calcium channel blockers are known to contribute to gingival hyperplasia. Among all calcium-channel blockers, the prevalence of gingival hyperplasia is highest with nifedipine. Amlodipine is used extensively for the management of hypertension. Several cases have been published since 1994 indicating that amlodipine may also promote gingival hyperplasia. Amlodpine-induced gingival hyperplasia has not reported yet in Korea. We report a case of gingival hyperplasia caused by amlodipine.
Amlodipine* ; Calcium Channel Blockers ; Constipation ; Dizziness ; Dyspepsia ; Edema ; Fatigue ; Flushing ; Gingival Hyperplasia* ; Headache ; Hypertension ; Korea ; Nausea ; Nifedipine ; Prevalence

No abstract available.
Adenoids* ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic* ; Lacrimal Apparatus*

PURPOSE: Hepatic hemangioendothelioma (HET) is a rare benign vascular tumor in infants. The clinical manifestations are variable from asymptomatic to life-threatening heart failure or Kasabach-Merritt syndrome (KM SD). We report our non-surgical treatment experience for infantile HET. METHODS: We analyzed 15 infants (5 males, 10 females) of HET retrospectively, from January 1989 to December 2007. RESULTS: All except 2 were full-term babies and median birth weight was 3,140 g. The median age at diagnosis was 15 days of life (0~157 days). Three of 5 patients diagnosed prenatally presented heart failure symptoms and the remaining 2 showed KM SD. Among 6 neonates, 3 showed cyanosis due to congestive heart failure. Nine patients showed multiple nodules at both liver lobes. Three asymptomatic patients were followed with radiologic examinations, thus HETs regressed spontaneously in two and decreased in one. Four cases that showed hepatomegaly or increase in size of subcutaneous hemangioma, were treated with prednisolone. All patients improved from tumor related symptoms and tumor size decreased. Four patients (2 patients of heart failure, 1 with rapid progressive hepatomegaly and 1 with congenital heart disease) received interferon-alpha. Among them, 3 showed regression of tumor and the remaining 1 showed decrease of tumor size. Two patients who suffered from severe heart failure received prednisolone and interferon-alpha, and then recovered. In the 2 patients with KM SD, we tried hepatic artery embolization with medical treatment. One survived but the other is not followed after failure of embolization. CONCLUSION: We experienced that many patients who had clinical symptoms associated with HET very early in their life treated with an aggressive nonsurgical treatment in symptomatic patients showed favorable outcome.
Birth Weight ; Cyanosis ; Heart ; Heart Failure ; Hemangioendothelioma ; Hemangioma ; Hepatic Artery ; Hepatomegaly ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Interferon-alpha ; Kasabach-Merritt Syndrome ; Liver ; Male ; Prednisolone ; Retrospective Studies

This study was designed to investigate the effects of buthanol (BuOH) fraction of pine (Pinus densiflora Sieb et Zucc) needle on cholesterol and lipofuscin (LF) accumulations, acetylcholine (ACh) and its related enzyme activities such as choline acetyltransferase (CAhT) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and monoamone oxidase-B (MAO-B) activity, which destroyed the catecholamine-related neurotransmitters in brain membranes of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Male SD rats were fed basic diets (control group) or experimental diets (BuOH-25, BuOH-50 and BuOH-100) for 45 days. Cholesterol accumulations in mitochondria and microsomes were significantly inhibited (about 14 - 17% and 23 - 34%, respectvely) in BuOH-50 and BuOH-100 groups, whereas LF levels were significantly inhibited (about 10 - 14%) in BuOH-50 and BuOH-100 groups compared with control group. ACh levels and ChAT activities were significantly increased (about 11 - 17% and 11 - 23%, respectively) in membranes of BuOH-50 and BuOH-100 groups compared with control group. AChE activities were significantly increased (about 14 - 17%) in membranes of BuOH-50 and BuOH-100 groups. There was no significant difference in MAO-B activities between control and experimental diet groups. The results suggest that butanol fraction of pine needle may play an effective role in an antiaging effect and improving a learning and memory impairments.
Acetylcholine* ; Acetylcholinesterase ; Animals ; Brain* ; Cholesterol ; Choline O-Acetyltransferase ; Diet ; Humans ; Learning ; Lipofuscin ; Male ; Membranes ; Memory ; Microsomes ; Mitochondria ; Monoamine Oxidase ; Needles* ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Widespread use of thrombolytic treatments, along with improved chances of survival after an initial ischemic stroke, increases the possibility of repeated thrombolysis. There are few reports, however, regarding repeated thrombolysis in patients who have suffered acute ischemic stroke. We explored the number and outcome of patients with repeated thrombolytic therapy in the era of multimodal thrombolytic treatments. METHODS: We investigated patients with acute ischemic stroke who had received thrombolytic treatments for a period of 10 years. Number of thrombolysis was determined in each patient. Recanalization was defined as Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction grading > or =2a. Symptomatic hemorrhagic transformation was defined as any increase in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score that could be attributed to intracerebral hemorrhage. A good outcome was defined as a modified Rankin scale score < or =2. RESULTS: Of the 437 patients who received thrombolytic treatments, only 7 underwent repeated thrombolysis (1.6%). The median age at the time of repeated thrombolytic therapy was 71 years old; 4 of the patients were female. All patients had 1 or more potential sources of cardiac embolism. Recanalization was achieved in all patients, in both the first and the second thrombolysis. No symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage occurred after repeated thrombolytic treatments. Five patients (71.4%) showed good outcomes at 3 months. CONCLUSIONS: Repeated thrombolysis for recurrent acute ischemic stroke appears to be safe and feasible. Among patients who experience recurrent acute ischemic stroke, thrombolytic therapy could be considered even if the patient has had previous thrombolytic treatments.
Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Cerebral Infarction ; Embolism ; Female ; Humans ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Recurrence ; Stroke ; Thrombolytic Therapy

Intussusception in adults, a rare disease, constitutes approximately 5% of all intussusceptions and accounts for 5% of all cases of intestinal obstruction. In the pathologic findings of the causative lesion, metastatic tumors of the small intestine with intussusception are extremely rare. Because of the high prevalence of underlying lesions in intussusception in adults, surgical management is mandatory. We report two cases of intussusception; one was an adult patient who developed an ileo-ileal type, metastasis from lung cancer, and the other patient was an adult who was developed jejuno-jejunal type, metastasis from a malignant melanoma of the thumb.
Adult ; Humans ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Intestine, Small ; Intussusception* ; Lung Neoplasms ; Melanoma ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prevalence ; Rare Diseases ; Thumb

BACKGROUND: Topographic mappings of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) on subdural electrodes help identify the motor cortex quickly during chronic subdural recordings or during the operation. We tried to assess the ease and reliability of the routine use of SEP for identification of the sensorimotor cortex depending on pathology and location of the lesion. METHODS: We reviewed 75 SEP studies of 63 patients who needed functional mappings of the sensorimotor area. The phase reversal (PR) of SEP around the 20 msec latency in response to contralateral median nerve stimulations by subdural electrodes was used to identify the position of the central sulcus. The patients included 20 with nonlesional epilepsy, 30 with tumor, 12 with arteriovenous malformation (AVM), and 1 with cavernous angioma. RESULTS: SEP-PRs were successfully recorded in 67 SEP among 75 studies (89.3%). SEP-PRs were recorded in 37 of 43 patients with lesions (86.0%), and in all patients without lesions (100.0%). In regards to pathology, the absence of SEP-PR was noted in 3 out of 12 patients with AVM (25.0%), 3 out of 30 patients with tumor (10.0%), and 0 out of 1 patient with cav-ernous angioma (0.0%). The SEP-PRs were obtained the least frequently for the location of lesions when the lesions involved both the frontal and parietal areas. CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperatively, the SEP-PR can be easily obtained and the median nerve SEP is an useful test for confirming the identification of the central sulcus. SEP-PR can be detected more frequently in patients without lesions rather than in those with lesions, especially patients with AVM or whose lesions are over the frontoparietal areas.
Arteriovenous Malformations ; Brain Mapping ; Electrodes* ; Epilepsy ; Evoked Potentials ; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory* ; Hemangioma ; Hemangioma, Cavernous ; Humans ; Median Nerve ; Motor Cortex ; Neurosurgery ; Pathology ; Rabeprazole

No abstract available.
Cerebellopontine Angle* ; Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring* ; Neuroma, Acoustic*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Ischemic injury is the most common and important cause of myocardial damage. Over past decades, a number of studies have identified a protective mechanism known as ischemic preconditioning, which can block or delay cell death from ischemic injury. Protein kinase C (PKC), especially theepsilonisoform has been proposed as a key factor in the signaling pathway of ischemic preconditioning. However, whether PKCepsilon expression in cardiomyocytes can offer such protection from acute ischemia has not been explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To demonstrate a direct effect of PKCepsilon expression, a lentiviral vector system was established. Using the lentiviral vector, PKCepsilon was introduced to neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVM) cultured under ischemic conditions, and also to adult rat myocardium subject to left coronary artery ligation. RESULTS: Compared to control, PKCepsilon expression in cultured NRVM under ischemia resulted in preserved cell density and morphology, and a reduction in cell death (77.6+/-12.8% vs 58.1+/-7.2%, p<0.05). In adult rats, the infarcted area after coronary artery ligation was markedly reduced in myocardium injected with PKCepsilon vector compared to control (11.4+/-5.3% vs 20.5+/-11.3%, p<0.01). CONCLUSION: These results provide direct evidence that PKCepsilon is a central player in protection against cell death from acute ischemia.
Adult ; Animals ; Cell Count ; Cell Death ; Coronary Vessels ; Humans ; Ischemia ; Ischemic Preconditioning ; Lentivirus ; Ligation ; Muscle Cells ; Myocardium ; Myocytes, Cardiac* ; Protein Kinase C ; Protein Kinase C-epsilon ; Protein Kinases* ; Rats