Cranocsynostosis is the term that designates premature fusion of one or more sutures in either the cranial vault or cranial base. Especially scaphocephaly, brachycephaly and trigonocephaly are included in simple symmetric craniosynostosis. In simple symmetric craniosynostosis, the functional deformity is rare, but deformity in external appearance is always a serious problem. The purpose of forehead reshaping in simple symmetric craniosynostosis is recovery of normal cerebral growth and improvement of cranial cosmetic problem by restoration of normal calvarial anatomic structure. Various surgical methods have Bbeen developed in an effort to correct craniosynostosis. Cranial vault remodeling with or without supraorbital band advancement is a widely accpeted method of correcting simple symmetric craniosynostosis. However, the standardized surgical method has not yet been estabilished in reshaping the forehead during cranial vault remodeling of simple symmetric craniosynostosis. The authors developed a new osteotomy method, the bull's osteotomy, which is a limited osteotomy for cranial vault remodeling. It produces posterior tilting of a prominant forehead as well as increased biparietotemporal distance for effective forehead reshaping. We applied this techriaue in 8 scaphocephaly and 2 brachycephaly patients under 5 years of age who have not yet reached bony consolidation. All patinets obtained satisfactory results with properly corrected deformity and no relapse was observed during the follow-up period. This new osteotomy method is simple and effective and a consistant surgical outcome is expected. particularly the contour of the forehead on the frontotemporal area is corrected to have a smooth and natural curvature. Based on our experience using bull's osteotomy, we offer this new surgical technique for managing simple symmetric cranoisynostosis patients.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Craniosynostoses* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Forehead* ; Humans ; Osteotomy* ; Recurrence ; Skull Base ; Sutures

No abstract available.
Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins* ; Kidney Failure, Chronic*

PURPOSE: We determined the toxic and morphologic effects of the anti-proliferative drugs, mitomycin-C (MMC), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and genistein on rabbit corneal endothelium. METHODS: After intramuscular anesthesia, each drug of different concentrations (MMC at 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 mg/ml; 5-FU at 5, 10, and 50 mg/ml; and genistein at 0.013, 0.027, and 0.054 mg/ml) was perfused into the anterior chamber of 54 white rabbits (108 eyes). The same amount of balanced salt solution was perfused into control eyes. The corneal thickness was measured before perfusion and 15 min, 30 min, 45 min, 1 h, and 24 h after perfusion. Corneal samples were prepared at 24 h after perfusion to determine the changes in corneal thickness and to observe morphologic changes of corneal endothelium under scanning electron microscope (SEM). RESULTS: A significant increase in corneal thickness was observed. Destruction of corneal endothelial cell structure was seen under scanning electron microscope at 24 h after perfusion with MMC at 0.2 mg/ml for 1, 3, and 5 min, and at 0.1 mg/ml for 5 min; and 5-FU at 50 mg/ml for 5 min into the anterior chamber. However, no significant difference was seen in corneal thickness or in corneal endothelial morphology at 24 h after perfusion with genistein. CONCLUSIONS: To avoid morphologic changes of the cornea, we recommend the anterior chamber perfusion of MMC at 0.1 mg/ml between 1 and 2 min, 5-FU at 10 mg/ml between 3 and 5 min, and genistein at 0.027 mg/ml for 5 min. Genistein at low concentrations showed no morphologic change in the cornea, suggesting the possible clinical use with safety.
Anesthesia ; Anterior Chamber ; Cornea ; Endothelial Cells ; Endothelium, Corneal* ; Fluorouracil* ; Genistein* ; Mitomycin* ; Perfusion ; Rabbits

No abstract available.
Hydronephrosis* ; Teratoma*

No abstract available.
Hernia* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Mothers*

No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*

Obesity is caused by interactions of energy consumption, amount of food intake, physical activity and etc, and these elements are influenced by genetic factors. Obesity related genes which have been known by now are over 200. One of these is Kir6.2 which forms the pore region of K(ATP) channel, and genetic variation of which may result in altered beta-cell electrical activity, insulin secretion, glucose homeostasis, and increased susceptibility to type 2 diabetes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between Kir6.2 E23K polymorphism and fat distribution or metabolic profiles in Korean. A total of 164 patients who visited Dongsan Medical Center Obesity Clinic from February 2004 to December 2005, were enrolled in this study. Screening for Kir6.2 polymorphism carried out by PCR-RFLP analyses. We divided this group into three groups E/E, E/K, K/K. Serum lipid and blood glucose were measured by autoanalyzer. Visceral fat amount and subcutaneous fat by abdominal CT, total fat mass by DEXA were measured. The subjects of E/E, E/K, K/K genotypes were 24, 79, and 61, respectively. The results of ANOVA analysis was that subjects with the K/K genotypes had more visceral fat amount (P<0.05) and higher total cholesterol levels (P<0.05) than E/E subjects group. Visceral fat amount and serum total cholesterol were significantly different according to Kir6.2 E23K polymorphism. Therefore, Kir6.2 polymorphism may act on fat distribution in Koreans.
Blood Glucose ; Cholesterol ; Eating ; Genetic Variation ; Genotype ; Glucose ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Insulin ; Intra-Abdominal Fat ; Mass Screening ; Metabolome ; Motor Activity ; Obesity ; Subcutaneous Fat

Combined spinal epidural block with use of the needle-through-needle technique has become increasingly more popular during recent years because it provides rapidity and density of spinal block, combined with the ability to extend the block and provide postoperative analgesia by use of the extradural catheter. However, the combined spinal epidural block has some disadvantages. Since the spinal needle makes a hole in the dura, the accidental migration of an extradural catheter into the dural opening made previously by the spinal needle is thought to be theoretical risk. We report a case during combined spinal epidural anesthesia for a total hip replacement in which the clear fluid in the epidural catheter was found and tested to confirm the nature of fluid and migration of catheter by the dextrostix test and the immunoelectrophoresis test(prealbumin test).
Analgesia ; Anesthesia, Epidural* ; Anesthetics, Local* ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Catheters ; Immunoelectrophoresis ; Needles

Meigs' syndrome consists of an ovarian fibroma, or fibroma-like benign tumor, associated with fluid in both abdomen and chest. Characteristically, the ascites and hydrothorax disappeared and do not recurred following removal of the ovarian tumor. The authors presented a case of Meigs' syndrome that was cured by surgical removal of ovarian tumor and resulted in normal pregnancy outcome in 27-year-old pregnant woman with a brief review of literatures.
Abdomen ; Adult ; Ascites ; Female ; Fibroma ; Humans ; Hydrothorax ; Meigs Syndrome* ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnant Women ; Thorax

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the clinical and functional outcomes of arthroscopic-assisted reduction and percutaneous screw fixation for glenoid fractures with scapular extension, and investigate the radiologic and clinical benefits from the results. METHODS: We evaluated patients treated with arthroscopic-assisted reduction and percutaneous screw fixation for glenoid fractures with scapular extension from November 2008 to September 2015. Fractures with displacement exceeding one-fourth of the anterior-articular surface or more than one-third of the posterior-articular surface in radiographic images were treated by surgery. Clinical assessment was conducted based on range of motion, Rowe score, and Constant score of injured arm and uninjured arm at last follow-up. RESULTS: Fifteen patients with Ideberg classification grade III, IV, and V glenoid fracture who underwent arthroscopic-assisted reduction using percutaneous screw fixation were retrospectively enrolled. There were no differences in clinical outcomes at final follow-up compared to uninjured arm. Bone union was seen in all cases within five months, and the average time to bone union was 15.2 weeks. Ankylosis in one case was observed as a postoperative complication, but the symptoms improved in response to physical therapy for six months. There was no failure of fixation and neurovascular complication. CONCLUSIONS: We identified acceptable results upon radiological and clinical assessment for the arthroscopic-assisted reduction and percutaneous fixation. For this reason, we believe the method is favorable for the treatment of Ideberg type III, IV, and V glenoid fractures. Restoration of the articular surface is considered to be more important than reduction of fractures reduction of the scapula body.
Ankylosis ; Arm ; Arthroscopy ; Classification ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation ; Glenoid Cavity ; Humans ; Methods ; Postoperative Complications ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Retrospective Studies ; Scapula