PURPOSE: We determined the toxic and morphologic effects of the anti-proliferative drugs, mitomycin-C (MMC), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and genistein on rabbit corneal endothelium. METHODS: After intramuscular anesthesia, each drug of different concentrations (MMC at 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 mg/ml; 5-FU at 5, 10, and 50 mg/ml; and genistein at 0.013, 0.027, and 0.054 mg/ml) was perfused into the anterior chamber of 54 white rabbits (108 eyes). The same amount of balanced salt solution was perfused into control eyes. The corneal thickness was measured before perfusion and 15 min, 30 min, 45 min, 1 h, and 24 h after perfusion. Corneal samples were prepared at 24 h after perfusion to determine the changes in corneal thickness and to observe morphologic changes of corneal endothelium under scanning electron microscope (SEM). RESULTS: A significant increase in corneal thickness was observed. Destruction of corneal endothelial cell structure was seen under scanning electron microscope at 24 h after perfusion with MMC at 0.2 mg/ml for 1, 3, and 5 min, and at 0.1 mg/ml for 5 min; and 5-FU at 50 mg/ml for 5 min into the anterior chamber. However, no significant difference was seen in corneal thickness or in corneal endothelial morphology at 24 h after perfusion with genistein. CONCLUSIONS: To avoid morphologic changes of the cornea, we recommend the anterior chamber perfusion of MMC at 0.1 mg/ml between 1 and 2 min, 5-FU at 10 mg/ml between 3 and 5 min, and genistein at 0.027 mg/ml for 5 min. Genistein at low concentrations showed no morphologic change in the cornea, suggesting the possible clinical use with safety.
Anesthesia ; Anterior Chamber ; Cornea ; Endothelial Cells ; Endothelium, Corneal* ; Fluorouracil* ; Genistein* ; Mitomycin* ; Perfusion ; Rabbits

No abstract available.
Colon* ; Diverticulitis*

No abstract available.
Plasma*

BACKGROUND: This study was designed to evaluate the antihypertensive efficacy and safety of nifedipine gastrointestinal system push-pull osmotic pump formulation in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. METHODS: After 2 weeks placebo run-in period, nifedipine 60 mg was administered once daily for 8 weeks in thirty-two patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. RESULTS: At the end point of treatment, sitting blood pressure decreased as much as 33/16mmHg in average and rewarded 88% of efficacy and 69% of normalization. The ambulatoy blood pressure monitoring in 10 patients also revealed 11% decrease in 24 hr mean diastolic blood pressure and 32% decrease in % elevated blood pressure. The most frequent side reactions were constipation in 7 patients and polyuria in 6 patients which were tolerated during entire trial period. There were no significant changes in biochemical parameters and hematologic data, thus making the rate of safety 91% and overall rating of usefulness was 84%. CONCLUSION: Nifedipine GITS 60 mg once daily regimen is well tolerated and effective in the treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension.
Blood Pressure ; Blood Pressure Monitors ; Constipation ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Nifedipine* ; Polyuria ; Reward

No abstract available.
Liver* ; Neoplasm Metastasis*

The rationale for proximal tibial osteotomy is to correct the abnormal loading stresses on the knee that are caused by an abnormal tibiofemoral axis in the coronal plane. Aithough there are many methods of fixation including cast, staple and external fixation, Coventry staple has been used widely. But Coventry staple has some disadvantages such as inadequate fixation, long term cast immobilization and rehabilitation. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the superior performance of Miniplate staple which was designed by authors(Johnson & Johnson Orthopaedics, New Milton, UK) over the conventional Coventry staple. We have analyzed the clinical results including postoperative rehabilitation course of 3I cases who had proximal tibial osteotomy fixed with Miniplate staple. Preoperative diagnosis was osteoarthritis(OA) in 24 cases(77.4%) and physiologic genu varum in 7 cases(22.6%). 1. Hospital for Special Surgery knee score was average 72.2 points preoperatively, 90.1 points postoperatively in osteoarthritis and average 94.1 points preoperatively, 99.7 points postoperativeiy in physiologic genu varum. 2. The average tibiofemoral angle was varus 5.8 degrees preoperatively and valgus 8.7 degrees postoperati vely. 3. The active ROM exercise started at 5.3 days, standing at 13.3 days, crutches ambulation at 20.2 days and ambulation without crutches at 46.3 days after operation. In conclusion, more rigid fixation and rapid mobilization was possible with newly designed Miniplate staple in proximal tibial osteotomy.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Crutches ; Diagnosis ; Genu Varum ; Immobilization ; Knee ; Osteoarthritis ; Osteotomy* ; Rehabilitation ; Walking

Thirteen cases of lengthening of short tubular bone by gradual axial distraction using an unilateral external fixator(Orthofix M-100, Orthofix CP0089) are reported. This study aims to prove effective- ness of gradual distraction for lengthening of short tubular bone and usefulness of the newly designed external fixator. Nine patients had brachymetatarsia and four brachymetacarpia. The etiology was consisted of post-traumatic physeal injury in two and congenital in eleven cases. The average amount of lengthening was 14.5mm(37.0%) in metacarpal bone, and 17.3mm(37.5%) in metatarsal. Complications were angular deformity in 3, pin loosening in 2 cases, and premature consolidation, nonunion and pin site infection in one case, respectively. Cosmetical and functional satisfactory results were obtained in all cases. We believe that callotasis is effective for short tubular bone lengthening. Also we confirmed the newly designed external fixa- tor(Orthofix CP0089) useful.
Bone Lengthening ; Congenital Abnormalities ; External Fixators ; Humans ; Metatarsal Bones ; Osteogenesis, Distraction

The os calcis is fractured more frequently than any other tarsal bone. Fractures involving subtalar joint can, be associated with prolonged and severe disability. So there is no universal agreement in the treatment of these fractures. Calcaneal fractures of 64 feet in 56 patients who were treated at Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine from Jan. 1971 to Dec. 1980 were analyzed in clinical and radiological aspects. The results obtained from this study were as follows; 1. Of 56 patients, 46 patients were male and 10 female. 2. The main cause of fractures of calcaneus was a fall from a height in 71.4 percents of cases, and spine injury was associated in 15 patients (26.8%) with calcaneal fractures. 3. The fractures were almostly closed (89.1%). 4. Fractures involving subtalar joint were in 52 feet (81.3%) and Rowe's type 5 were 38 fractures (39.4%). Of these type 5 fractures, 31 fractures were treated by closed reduction and axial pin fixation and then favourable results were obtained. 5. The most common complication after treatment was persistant foot pain. Pain beneath the lateral malleolus was the most common (8 feet), and correlated with the decrease of Bohler's angle.
Calcaneus ; Clinical Study ; Female ; Foot ; Humans ; Male ; Spine ; Subtalar Joint ; Tarsal Bones

The patient with unilateral or bilateral inverted nipple has both functional and cosmetic impairments. The structural and histopathologic features of inverted nipple are that inverted nipple has less fibromuscular tissue than normal nipple and has short lactiferous duct and dense fibrous tissue. For these reasons, surgical correction of inverted nipple requires release of the short lactiferous ducts and providing the bulkiness under the nipple. We combined the concept of both adding the bulkiness under the nipple and creating a tight neck at its base without sacrificing the duct system. We rotated the bilateral diamond shaped deepithelized dermal flaps around the nipple areolar complex for providing the nipple bulkiness without division of lactiferous duct and reinforced it with the purse-string suture around the dermal flap for providing the stability. This two rotational dermal flap method was applied 12 inverted nipple in 6 patients and followed up for 2 months to 24 months. We have got the satisfactory results in cosmetic and functional aspect without any complication such as sensory change, relapse, and nipple necrosis.
Diamond ; Humans ; Neck ; Necrosis ; Nipples* ; Recurrence ; Sutures

No abstract available.
Child* ; Heart Diseases* ; Heart* ; Humans ; Physical Examination