The automation in surgical pathology, particularly in the reporting and encoding system using personal computers has been greatly improved in recent years, but the computerization of microscope slide labelling has not been improved. The authors have developed database program for slide labelling using FoxPro 2.5 and FoxBASE SCOUNIX 2.1.2: For I year during trial an effect has been put forward to simplify and organize the labelling work in routine surgical pathology. The program is now become easily applicable to the labelling work without disturbing the normal flow in a pathology laboratory. It is possible to get information concerning how many paraffin blocks and H&E slides have been made, as well as what kind of special stains have been requested for each case. The authors think that the computerization of labelling work in routine surgical pathology is a fairly easy task, and this should simplify the labelling work at a lower cost, diminish the workload of a typist or technician, and indirect information concerning the workload in a pathology laboratory can be calculated.
Automation ; Coloring Agents ; Microcomputers ; Paraffin ; Pathology ; Pathology, Surgical

There is no definite histological criteria which can predict the biologic behavior of meningiomas, although resectability is the most important factor in terms of recurrence. For grading meningiomas, various factors have been studied, such as hypercellularity, nuclear pleomorphism, small cells with high N/C ratio, prominent nucleoli (PN), frequent mitosis, loss of architecture, focal necrosis (FN). We investigated 116 meningiomas to evaluate the correlation between the factors and the proliferative activity using AgNORs and MIB-1 labelling index (LI). They were divided into 3 groups: Group A includes meningiomas with none of the factors; group B with one of the factors; group C with two or more factors. MIB-1 LI was correlated with each factor, but AgNORs was not. There was a statistical difference among group A (<1.28%), B (2.7%) and C (5.1%) (p<0.05) using MIB-1 LI. FN was the most frequently associated with other factors, and it had the highest MIB-1 LI (6.31%). MIB-1 LI of group B was 5.1 2.3%. In group B, the most frequent combination was FN and PN, and it showed the highest MIB-1 LI (5.74%). This study indicates that FN and PN are important for diagnosis of atypical meningioma, and MIB-1 LI appears to be a useful method for estimating the proliferative activity of meningiomas, and 5% or more of MIB-1 LI could help in making a diagnosis of atypical meningioma.
Diagnosis ; Meningioma* ; Mitosis ; Necrosis ; Recurrence

MELAS (mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes) is one of the mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, A rare disease caused by a disturbance of the mitochondrial chain of respiration. MELAS is confirmed by typical light and electron microscopic findings : "ragged red fibers" by modified Gomori trichrome stain on light microscope and numerous abormal mitochondria on electron microscope. We experienced a boy with the characteristic clinical and pathologic findings of MELAS. Our patient demonstrated bilateral basal ganglia calcifications and infarction at right parieto-occipital and thalamic areas on CT and MR We found that MRI was more sensitive and represented the infarcted lesions better than CT. Detection of cerebral insults of MELAS by MRI is important in making decision on patient treatment and also in predicion of the patient prognosis.
Acidosis, Lactic ; Basal Ganglia ; Brain Diseases ; Child* ; Humans ; Infarction ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; MELAS Syndrome* ; Mitochondria ; Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathies ; Muscular Diseases ; Rare Diseases ; Respiration

No abstract available.
Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome*

Nuclear DNA content of 32 cases of prostate adenocarcinoma diagnosed 1986-1991 was determined by flow cytometry, with the use of paraffin-embedded archival tissue. The present study was done to define the relationship between clinical stage, histopathological grade, and DNA ploidy. Aneuploidy was found in 10(31.3%) cases including 7 cases of near-tetraploidy. Among diploid tumors, 36.4% were localized disease(stage A and B), 13.6% were characterized by invasion outside the prostate(stage C), and 50.0% showed distant metastasis(stage D). Among aneuploid tumors, 10.0% were stage B, 50.0% stage C, and 40.0% stage D. The degree of glandular differentiation was characterized by the Gleason score and the percentage of sampled tissue involved by carcinoma was graded by Dhom's method. Apparent correlation was found between Gleason grade and Dhom grade(P<0.05). All 13 tumors with a Gleason grade I(score of 2 to 5) were diploid. Four of 9 tumors with a Gleason grade II(score of 6 to 7) were aneuploid(near-tetraploidy 33.3%, aneuploidy 11.1%) and 60.0%, of tumors with a Gleason grade III(score of 8 to 10) were aneuploid(near-tetraploidy 40.0%, aneuploidy 20%). The percentage of aneuploid cases increased with advanced clinical stage, but the relationship between aneuploidy versus clinical stage was not significant. However, it can be concluded that DNA ploidy correlates well with Gleason grade(p<0.05), which may have predictive prognostic value for prostate adeno-carcinomas.
Adenocarcinoma

Histopathological changes under occulsive dressing with 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide cream, 0 025% fluocinolone acetonide cream, and 1% hydrocortisone cream were compared each other and with the changes following topical application of 5% ammoniated mercury ointment without occulsion in five cases of psoriasis vulgaris. 1) The earliest changes noticed were the diminution of the papillary edema, the appearence of the granular layer and the disappearence of parakeratosis. 2) A week after treatment, the remarkable changes revealed were the thinning of the epidermis, the diminution of acanthosis, papil]ary edema and cell infiltration of the upper dermis and the appearence of the granular layer. 3)The capillary dilatation remained unchanged even two weeks after treatment in all groups. 4) Among these drugs, the best respanse revealed was triamcinolone cream, the next was fluocinolone cream. The response of hydrocortisone cream was poorer than fluocinolone cream and ammoniated mercury ointment was even more poorer than hydrocortisone cream.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones* ; Bandages* ; Capillaries ; Dermis ; Dilatation ; Edema ; Epidermis ; Fluocinolone Acetonide ; Hydrocortisone ; Parakeratosis ; Psoriasis* ; Triamcinolone ; Triamcinolone Acetonide

This study was conducted to assess the prognostic value of tumor angiogenesis and Cathepsin-D in breast carcinoma, by correlating them with other clinicopathologic prognostic factors. In order to estimate microvessels within the tumor, an immunohistochemical method using monoclonal antibodies for factor VIII-related antigens (DAKO-vWf, F8/86) was used, and they were counted (perx200 field) in the most active areas of neovascularization. For the expression of Cathepsin-D, an immunohistochemical method using monoclonal antibodies (Novocastra, NCL-CDm) was performed. The microvessel count ranged from 8 to 346 per x200 field and the mean (+/-SD) was 72.46+/-54.96. The microvessel count was correlated with the estrogen receptor status, and it was also correlated with the tumor size when it was graded into four groups (1-33, 34-67, 68-100, >100), but was not correlated with other clinicopathologic parameters. Cathepsin-D was expressed in 40% (46/115) of the cases, but it was statistically correlated with the tumor size only. In conclusion, the expression of Cathepsin D and the degree of angiogenesis in breast cancer showed a correlation with the tumor size only. Therefore, they do not appear to be good prognostic parameters, according to the present study.
Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Breast Neoplasms ; Breast* ; Carcinoma, Ductal* ; Cathepsin D ; Estrogens ; Microvessels ; Prognosis ; von Willebrand Factor

PURPOSE: Palatal myoclonus(PM) is an involuntary cyclic movement of the soft palate and is known to be caused by the hypertrophic degeneration of the inferior oilvary nucleus of the medulla, secondary to the dentato-rubro-tegmental tract lesions. Our purpose is to describe the brain magnetic resonance(MR) imaging findings in palatal myoclonus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the locations and causes of primary lesions in the dentato-rubro-tegmental tract and correlated them with changes in MR signal intensity and size of the inferior olive on T2-weighted MR images in 10 patients with palatal myoclonus. RESULTS: All cases showed hyperintensity in one or both inferior olive and six cases showed accompaning enlargement. The locations of the primary lesions were dorsal aspect of pons(central tegmental tract) in eight patients and the dentate nucleus in one, and no lesion was found in the dentato-rubro-tegmental tract in one. Among eight patients who had lesions in the ports, the ipsilateral inferior olivary nuclei showed changes in five and bilateral olive were involved in three. In the case with a lesion in the dentate nucleus, the contralateral inferior olivary nucleus was involved. The causes of primary lesions were hemorrhage in eight cases and traumatic brain stem injury in one. CONCLUSION: MR specifically showed enlargement and hyperintensity of the inferior olivary nucleus on T2-weighted images and matching lesions in the ports or the dentate nucleus in patients with palatal myoclonus.
Brain ; Brain Stem ; Cerebellar Nuclei ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Myoclonus ; Olea ; Olivary Nucleus ; Palate, Soft ; Retrospective Studies

The mixed gangliocytoma-pituitary adenoma is a very rare intracranial neoplasm, and it is frequently associated with endocrine symptoms; acromegaly, Cushing's disease, galactorrhea and amenorrhea. Morphologically it shows a mixture of gangliocytoma and pituitary adenoma in various proportions. In the area of gangliocytoma, there is no neoplastic glial component. The portion of pituitary adenoma consists mainly of chromophobe cells. There are three hypotheses in its histogenesis. We report a case of a 41 year-old lady presented with acromegaly and amenorrhea existing for 3 years. On magnetic resonance image, there is a dumbell-shaped mass in the sellar region. Histologically it showed typical features of mixed gangliocytoma-pituitary adenoma. This case is presented in the view of its rarity and interesting possible histogeneses.
Acromegaly ; Adenoma* ; Adult ; Amenorrhea ; Brain ; Brain Neoplasms ; Female ; Galactorrhea ; Ganglioneuroma ; Humans ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; Pregnancy

No abstract available.
Carcinogenesis* ; Humans* ; Oncogenes*