One hundred and ten rats weighing 100 gm. or more were used. These animals were divided into two study groups. The first consisted of 80 rats and this groupwas used to follow up the process of bladder regeneration. The second consisted of 30 rats and in this group polyethylene tube (I.D. .023" X O.D. .038") was placed in the space after subtotal cystectomy through the urethra, and the tube was sutured to the urethra with 4-0 silk to investigate whether the urinary retention is necessary for the bladder regeneration. Anesthesia was accomplished by intraperitoneal and through a subumbilical median incision the bladder was exposed transperitoneally and subtotal cystectomy was done saving the trigone andureteral orifices. To prevent the urinary leakage the edge of remnant bladder wasclosed with 4-0 chromic catgut. In the first group, 10 rats each were sacrificed at intervals of one week after initial operation for 8 weeks. There was complete restoration of what appeared to be normal bladder capacity at the end of 8 weeks. The regenerated bladder was a definite thick-walled pouch lined with normal epithelium and many capillaries. In the second group, 30 rats were sacrificed after the initial operation: 6 each at the 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th week. At the end of 8 weeks regeneration of the bladder was markedly inhibited as compared with the first group. It is felt that the mechanical stretch of the bladder is the main factor by which the bladder grows. The urine pooling in the pouch serves not only to preserve and enlarge the pouch but also to develop the elements of new bladder wall by intermittent filling and emptying. The most inhibitory factorin bladder regeneration is the wound infection.
Anesthesia ; Animals ; Capillaries ; Catgut ; Cystectomy ; Epithelium ; Follow-Up Studies ; Polyethylene ; Rats ; Regeneration* ; Silk ; Urethra ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urinary Retention ; Wound Infection

PURPOSE: The globe luxation is a rare phenomenon in which there is a forward displacement of the eye ball so that the eye lids spasmodically close behind it. In Korea, no case has been reported. The authors experienced a case of globe luxation by laceration of the conjunctiva with trauma. METHODS: The authors experienced a case of globe luxation in 64-year-old male who had crushed with infantile marry-go-round handle and complained proptosis and ocular pain. Ocular examination revealed best corrected visual acuity of right eye 0.1, IOP 44mmHg, conjunctival hyperemia and laceration, extraocular muscle limitation in all direction. Exophthalmometer shows right eye 23mm, left eye 19mm. Orbital CT yielded proptosis and globe luxation without avulsion of internal and external rectus muscle and optic nerve. RESULTS: After the lateral canthotomy, we successfully treated with the corticosteroid therapy without visual impairment or eyeball movement disorder. we report a case of globe luxation with the review of literature.
Conjunctiva ; Exophthalmos ; Humans ; Hyperemia ; Korea ; Lacerations ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Movement Disorders ; Optic Nerve ; Orbit ; Vision Disorders ; Visual Acuity

Perfluorodecalin, which is one of the perfluorocarbon liquids, is not established safety in use of long-acting intraocular tamponade. Therefore, to determine its safety we injected it alone and combined with silicone oil into the vitreous of vitrectomized eyes. We evaluated the changes of the fundus, electroretinogram, histopathology as light and electron microgragh after lensectomy and vitrectomy in pigmented rabbits periodically. In rabbits replaced with perfluorodecalin alone, fundus showed mild proliferative vitreoretinopathy and micrographs showed the destruction of the inner and outer segments of the photoreceptors. In rabbits replaced with perfluorodecalin and silicone oil, fundus showed more severe proliferative vitreoretinopathy than perfluorodecalin alone and micrographs showed the destruction of the entire retina. In electroretinogram, the amplitude was decreased markedly. So, it is considered that perfluorodecalin was not tolerant in case of longacting intraocular tamponade and also perfluorodecalin combined with silicone oil developed severe proliferative vitreoretinopathy.
Rabbits ; Retina ; Silicone Oils* ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative

PURPOSE: To analyse the macular thickness in normal and diabetic patient using OCT mapping protocol. METHODS: OCT using macular thickness map protocol was performed in 46 eyes of 25 healthy volunteers and 121 eyes of 85 diabetic patients with clinical diagnosis of no diabetic retinopathy (25 eyes), nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) without clinically significant macular edema (CSME; 35 eyes), proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) without CSME (27 eyes), and diabetic retinopathy with CSME (34 eyes). RESULTS: The mean +/- standard deviation foveal thickness was 146 +/- 21 micrometer in normal eyes, 147 +/- 20 micrometer in diabetic eyes without retinopathy, 173 +/- 24 micrometer in NPDR without CSME, 174 +/- 27 micrometer in PDR without CSME, and 322 +/- 146 micrometer in diabetic retinopathy with CSME. There was significant difference in foveal and outer temporal retinal thickness between the normal eyes and the diabetic retinopathy without CSME group (p<0.01). Diabetic eyes with CSME had a statistically significant greater thickness in each of the areas compared with the other group and showed perifoveal focal macular edema in 5 eyes. CONCLUSIONS: OCT mapping protocol provide intuitive and objective information on focal diabetic macular edema.
Diabetic Retinopathy ; Diagnosis ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Macular Edema ; Retinaldehyde ; Tomography, Optical Coherence

No abstract available.
DNA Topoisomerases* ; DNA*

PURPOSE: Sarcoidosis is a multsystem granulomatous disorder of an unknown etiology. In the early phase, sarcoidosis is clinically similar to the tuberculosis. In the Korea, few case have been reported. We experienced a case of sarcoidosis that was diagnosed with an ocular examination and corresponded with a systemic investigation. We report a case of sarcoidosis. METHODS: The authors experienced a case of sarcoidosis in a 33-year-old female who was given an incorrect diagnosis of tuberculosis in the early phase. The ocular examination revealed an anterior chamber cell and flare, posterior synechia, periphlebitis, and discitis. A systemic investigation yielded an increase in ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) and an abnormal 67-Gallium-scintigraphy. RESULTS: The antituberculosis agents were stopped and the patient was started on systemic steroid, prednisolon 60mg once daily for 4weeks, which was slowly tapered off over subsequent 8 weeks. Good results were obtained.
Adult ; Anterior Chamber ; Diagnosis ; Discitis ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Phlebitis ; Sarcoidosis* ; Tuberculosis*

Cold agglutinins are predominately immunoglobulin M autoantibodies that react at cold temperatures with surface antigens on the red blood cell. This can lead to hemagglutination at low temperatures, followed by complement fixation and subsequent hemolysis on rewarming. Development of hemagglutination or hemolysis in patients with cold agglutinins is a risk of cardiac surgery under hypothermia. In addition, there is the potential for intracoronary hemagglutination with inadequate distribution of cardioplegic solutions, thrombosis, embolism, ischemia, or infarction. We report a patient with incidentally detected cold agglutinin who underwent normothermic cardiac surgery with warm blood cardioplegia.
Agglutinins* ; Antigens, Surface ; Autoantibodies ; Cardioplegic Solutions ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Cold Temperature ; Complement System Proteins ; Embolism ; Erythrocytes ; Heart Arrest, Induced* ; Hemagglutination ; Hemolysis ; Humans ; Hypothermia ; Immunoglobulin M ; Infarction ; Ischemia ; Rewarming ; Thoracic Surgery* ; Thrombosis

The original valve-sparing procedures for aortic root aneurysms were remodeling and reimplantation of the aortic root. The remodeling technique provides more physiologic movement of the cusps within 3 reconstructed neo-sinuses, thus preserving root expansibility through the interleaflet triangles. However, the durability of remodeling has been a matter of concern due to the high rate of aortic insufficiency when annular dilation is not addressed. Therefore, a modified approach was developed, combining a physiologic remodeling of the root with a subvalvular annuloplasty. This case report highlights the first case of successful aortic root remodeling with external subvalvular ring annuloplasty in Korea.
Aneurysm ; Aortic Aneurysm ; Cardiac Valve Annuloplasty ; Korea ; Replantation

PURPOSE: To analyze the optical coherence tomography (OCT) result at the area of hyperfluorescence by scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) in central serous chorioretinopathy. METHODS: We investigated sensory detachment, pigment epithelial detachment (PED), choroidal neovascularization (CNV), and retinal pigment epithelial atrophy using OCT in the area of hyperfluorescein by scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) in 29 eyes of 29 patients with CSC. RESULTS: Of 29 eyes, no specific finding was noted in 19 eyes. Small PED corresponding to the leaking point was noted in 3 eyes, large serous PED with leaking point in 2 eyes, hemorrhagic PED in 1 eye, subretinal precipitate and PED in 1 eye, and retinal pigment epithelial atrophy in 2 eyes. CONCLUSIONS: OCT provided intuitive and objective information on the pathophysiologic state of the retinal pigment epithelial layer at the area of hyperfluorescence by SLO in CSC.
Atrophy ; Central Serous Chorioretinopathy* ; Choroidal Neovascularization ; Humans ; Ophthalmoscopes* ; Ophthalmoscopy ; Retinaldehyde ; Tomography, Optical Coherence*

Prostatic stromal tumor of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP) is a rare neoplasm with distinctive clinical and pathological characteristics. Here we report a case of laparoscopic radical prostatectomy performed in a patient with prostatic STUMP.
Humans ; Prostate ; Prostatectomy ; Prostatic Neoplasms